Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of foliar fertilization with alternative zinc (Zn) sources on the nutritional status and growth of young ´Valencia´ orange (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck) trees grown in calcareous soil (pH = 8.1). Nine treatments were tested: the commercial amino chelates Aton Zn (0.3% and 0.5%) and Kelatex Zn Forte (0.5% and 1.0%); the commercial Zn microparticles Basfoliar Zn 75 Flo (0.1% and 0.2%); ZnSO4H2O (0.3% and 0.5%); and a control treatment with no Zn application. The Zn concentration in leaves increased with the application of Aton Zn (0.3%), Kelatex Zn Forte (0.5% and 1.0%), and ZnSO4H2O (0.3% and 0.5%). The Zn concentration in roots increased only in trees sprayed with Kelatex Zn Forte (1.0%). The chlorophyll index (SPAD readings) decreased in most treatments, except in leaves sprayed with ZnSO4H2O (0.3%) and Kelatex Zn Forte (1.0%). The N concentration in leaves increased with the application of ZnSO4H2O (0.5%), while P levels did not increase in any treatment. The foliar K concentration increased in trees sprayed with Aton Zn (0.3% and 0.5%), Basfoliar Zn 75 Flo (0.1%) and ZnSO4H2O (0.3%). The concentrations of Mn, Cu, and B in leaves remained unchanged across all treatments. Foliar Fe concentration increased in trees sprayed with Kelatex Zn Forte (0.5%) and ZnSO4H2O (0.3%). Zn application had no significant effect on tree growth. The amino chelate Kelatex Zn Forte at a 1.0% dose shows promising potential by increasing Zn concentrations in leaves and roots while maintaining the chlorophyll index.
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Claims 17
Claim · model-written summary
Aton Zn at 0.3% increased leaf Zn.
Verbatim
e0“The Zn concentration in leaves increased with the application of Aton Zn (0.3%), Kelatex Zn Forte (0.5% and 1.0%), and ZnSO4H2O (0.3% and 0.5%)”
e1“a control treatment with no Zn application”
e2“´Valencia´ orange”
Claim · model-written summary
Kelatex Zn Forte at 0.5% increased leaf Zn.
Verbatim
e0“The Zn concentration in leaves increased with the application of Aton Zn (0.3%), Kelatex Zn Forte (0.5% and 1.0%), and ZnSO4H2O (0.3% and 0.5%)”
e1“a control treatment with no Zn application”
e2“´Valencia´ orange”
Claim · model-written summary
ZnSO4H2O at 0.3% and 0.5% increased leaf Zn.
Verbatim
e0“The Zn concentration in leaves increased with the application of Aton Zn (0.3%), Kelatex Zn Forte (0.5% and 1.0%), and ZnSO4H2O (0.3% and 0.5%)”
e1“a control treatment with no Zn application”
e2“´Valencia´ orange”
Claim · model-written summary
Kelatex Zn Forte at 1.0% increased root Zn.
Verbatim
e0“The Zn concentration in roots increased only in trees sprayed with Kelatex Zn Forte (1.0%)”
e1“a control treatment with no Zn application”
e2“´Valencia´ orange”
Claim · model-written summary
Most zinc treatments decreased SPAD chlorophyll index.
Verbatim
e0“The chlorophyll index (SPAD readings) decreased in most treatments, except in leaves sprayed with ZnSO4H2O (0.3%) and Kelatex Zn Forte (1.0%)”
e1“a control treatment with no Zn application”
e2“´Valencia´ orange”
Claim · model-written summary
ZnSO4H2O at 0.3% maintained SPAD chlorophyll index.
Verbatim
e0“The chlorophyll index (SPAD readings) decreased in most treatments, except in leaves sprayed with ZnSO4H2O (0.3%) and Kelatex Zn Forte (1.0%)”
e1“a control treatment with no Zn application”
e2“´Valencia´ orange”
Claim · model-written summary
Kelatex Zn Forte at 1.0% maintained SPAD chlorophyll index.
Verbatim
e0“The chlorophyll index (SPAD readings) decreased in most treatments, except in leaves sprayed with ZnSO4H2O (0.3%) and Kelatex Zn Forte (1.0%)”
e1“a control treatment with no Zn application”
e2“´Valencia´ orange”
Claim · model-written summary
ZnSO4H2O at 0.5% increased leaf N.
Verbatim
e0“The N concentration in leaves increased with the application of ZnSO4H2O (0.5%)”
e1“a control treatment with no Zn application”
e2“´Valencia´ orange”
Claim · model-written summary
No zinc treatment increased P levels.
Verbatim
e0“P levels did not increase in any treatment”
e1“a control treatment with no Zn application”
e2“´Valencia´ orange”
Claim · model-written summary
Aton Zn at 0.3% and 0.5% increased foliar K.
Verbatim
e0“The foliar K concentration increased in trees sprayed with Aton Zn (0.3% and 0.5%), Basfoliar Zn 75 Flo (0.1%) and ZnSO4H2O (0.3%)”
e1“a control treatment with no Zn application”
e2“´Valencia´ orange”
Claim · model-written summary
Basfoliar Zn 75 Flo at 0.1% increased foliar K.
Verbatim
e0“The foliar K concentration increased in trees sprayed with Aton Zn (0.3% and 0.5%), Basfoliar Zn 75 Flo (0.1%) and ZnSO4H2O (0.3%)”
e1“a control treatment with no Zn application”
e2“´Valencia´ orange”
Claim · model-written summary
ZnSO4H2O at 0.3% increased foliar K.
Verbatim
e0“The foliar K concentration increased in trees sprayed with Aton Zn (0.3% and 0.5%), Basfoliar Zn 75 Flo (0.1%) and ZnSO4H2O (0.3%)”
e1“a control treatment with no Zn application”
e2“´Valencia´ orange”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf Mn, Cu and B concentrations remained unchanged across treatments.
Verbatim
e0“The concentrations of Mn, Cu, and B in leaves remained unchanged across all treatments”
e1“a control treatment with no Zn application”
e2“´Valencia´ orange”
Claim · model-written summary
Kelatex Zn Forte at 0.5% increased foliar Fe.
Verbatim
e0“Foliar Fe concentration increased in trees sprayed with Kelatex Zn Forte (0.5%) and ZnSO4H2O (0.3%)”
e1“a control treatment with no Zn application”
e2“´Valencia´ orange”
Claim · model-written summary
ZnSO4H2O at 0.3% increased foliar Fe.
Verbatim
e0“Foliar Fe concentration increased in trees sprayed with Kelatex Zn Forte (0.5%) and ZnSO4H2O (0.3%)”
e1“a control treatment with no Zn application”
e2“´Valencia´ orange”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc application had no significant effect on tree growth.
Verbatim
e0“Zn application had no significant effect on tree growth”
e1“a control treatment with no Zn application”
e2“´Valencia´ orange”
Claim · model-written summary
Kelatex Zn Forte at 1.0% shows promise for increasing leaf and root zinc while maintaining chlorophyll index.
Verbatim
e0“The amino chelate Kelatex Zn Forte at a 1.0% dose shows promising potential by increasing Zn concentrations in leaves and roots while maintaining the chlorophyll index”
e2“´Valencia´ orange”
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