Abstract
ABSTRACT Rising temperature is a major concern globally and its impact on crop production and food security is obvious. The impact of rising temperature on various crops needs to be studied under field conditions. Therefore, a study was conducted at Ludhiana (India) during 2021 and 2022 to investigate the effect of high temperature on growth and yield of cowpea ( Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.), a C3 legume, and pearl millet ( Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.), a C4 cereal grown as fodder crops. Artificial heat stress was imposed during 0–15, 16–30, 31–45, 46–60 and 0–60 days after sowing (DAS). Mini heat tents made up of galvanised iron pipe and polythene sheets were installed which resulted in an increase in maximum and minimum temperature by 4.0°C–5.1°C and 0.5°C–1.5°C, respectively. The heat stress resulted in a statistically significant reduction in the number of branches, plant height, dry matter and fresh fodder yield of cowpea, while it resulted in a statistically significant increase in plant height, dry matter and fodder yield of pearl millet. Physiological parameters like chlorophyll index and flavanol index were decreased under high temperature in both crops indicating stress. Heat stress positively affected chlorophyll fluorescence in pearl millet and negatively in cowpea. Green fodder yield of cowpea decreased by 3.83%–18.56%, while that of pearl millet increased by 9.44%–25.02% under different heat stress treatments. Thus, heat stress resulted in a decrease in fodder productivity of the C3 crop due to a reduction in physiological and growth parameters, while the increase in the same led to an improvement in fodder productivity of the C4 crop.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Heat stress significantly reduced cowpea branching, height, dry matter and fresh fodder yield.
- Taxon
- cowpea
Vigna unguiculatae0 - Treatment
- heat stresse0
- Outcome
- number of branches, plant height, dry matter and fresh fodder yielde0
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The heat stress resulted in a statistically significant reduction in the number of branches, plant height, dry matter and fresh fodder yield of cowpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Heat stress significantly increased pearl millet height, dry matter and fodder yield.
- Taxon
- pearl millet
Cenchrus americanuse0 - Treatment
- heat stresst0
- Outcome
- plant height, dry matter and fodder yielde0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“while it resulted in a statistically significant increase in plant height, dry matter and fodder yield of pearl millet”
t0“Heat Stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Heat stress lowered chlorophyll and flavanol indices in both crops.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Treatment
- high temperaturee0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll index and flavanol indexe0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Physiological parameters like chlorophyll index and flavanol index were decreased under high temperature in both crops indicating stress”
t0“Cowpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Heat stress improved pearl millet chlorophyll fluorescence.
- Taxon
- pearl milletCenchrus americanuse0
- Treatment
- Heat stresse0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll fluorescencee0
- Direction
- positively affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Heat stress positively affected chlorophyll fluorescence in pearl millet”
Claim · model-written summary
Heat stress impaired cowpea chlorophyll fluorescence.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatae0
- Treatment
- Heat stresse0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll fluorescencee0
- Direction
- negativelye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Heat stress positively affected chlorophyll fluorescence in pearl millet and negatively in cowpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Cowpea green fodder yield fell by 3.83%–18.56% with heat treatments.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatae0
- Treatment
- heat stresst0
- Outcome
- Green fodder yielde0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 3.83%–18.56%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Green fodder yield of cowpea decreased by 3.83%–18.56%”
t0“Heat Stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Pearl millet green fodder yield rose by 9.44%–25.02% under heat treatments.
- Taxon
- pearl milletCenchrus americanuse0
- Treatment
- different heat stress treatmentse0
- Outcome
- Green fodder yielde1
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 9.44%–25.02%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“that of pearl millet increased by 9.44%–25.02% under different heat stress treatments”
e1“Green fodder yield of cowpea decreased by 3.83%–18.56%”
t0“Heat Stress”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.