Abstract
Artemisia sieberi, a native plant of Iran, is recognized for its phytochemical properties and medicinal potential. This study explored the effects of A. sieberi essential oil nanoemulsion (NE) on antioxidant and antibacterial activities against Escherichia coli (gram-negative) and Staphylococcus aureus (gram-positive). The essential oil was extracted using a Clevenger apparatus, and the NE was prepared via spontaneous emulsification with Tween 80 as the emulsifying agent. The average particle size of the NE was determined using dynamic light scattering. The essential oil concentration for tests was set at 10%. Forty-eight chemical compounds were identified in A. sieberi, with camphor (29.93%) being the most abundant. Antioxidant tests revealed the pure essential oil (IC₅₀=38.36 mg/L) had the highest activity, followed by the 15% essential oil (IC₅₀=78.95 mg/L). Antibacterial tests showed the NE inhibited S. aureus more effectively (10 mm inhibition zone), while pure essential oil had a stronger effect on E. coli (10 mm inhibition zone). In antifungal tests, the NE performed best against Penicillium digitatum with a contamination rate of 37%, and against P. italicum with a contamination rate of 16%. The 10% essential oil treatment on P. italicum had the weakest performance, with a 91.6% infection rate higher than that of the positive control (carbendazim). The 10% NE also showed better antibacterial activity than pure essential oil, while pure oil had stronger antioxidant effects. General, A. sieberi exhibited significant antioxidant and antimicrobial properties, with its NE being more effective against bacterial strains.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Forty-eight compounds were identified in Artemisia sieberi essential oil.
- Taxon
- A. sieberi
Artemisia sieberie1 - Outcome
- chemical compoundse0
- Value
- Forty-eighte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Forty-eight chemical compounds were identified in A. sieberi”
e1“identified in A. sieberi, with camphor”
Claim · model-written summary
Camphor was the most abundant component at 29.93%.
- Taxon
- A. sieberiArtemisia sieberie1
- Outcome
- camphore0
- Direction
- most abundante0
- Value
- 29.93%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“with camphor (29.93%) being the most abundant.”
e1“identified in A. sieberi, with camphor”
Claim · model-written summary
Pure essential oil had the highest antioxidant activity, with IC₅₀ of 38.36 mg/L.
- Taxon
- A. sieberiArtemisia sieberie1
- Outcome
- activitye0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 38.36 mg/Le0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Antioxidant tests revealed the pure essential oil (IC₅₀=38.36 mg/L) had the highest activity”
e1“A. sieberi essential oil nanoemulsion (NE)”
Claim · model-written summary
The 15% essential oil had IC₅₀ of 78.95 mg/L and ranked after pure oil in antioxidant activity.
- Taxon
- A. sieberiArtemisia sieberie1
- Outcome
- essential oile0
- Direction
- followed bye0
- Value
- 78.95 mg/Le0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“followed by the 15% essential oil (IC₅₀=78.95 mg/L).”
e1“A. sieberi essential oil nanoemulsion (NE)”
Claim · model-written summary
The nanoemulsion produced a 37% Penicillium digitatum contamination rate.
- Taxon
- orangese1
- Treatment
- NEe0
- Interactor
- Penicillium digitatum
Penicillium digitatume0pathogen - Outcome
- contamination ratee0
- Direction
- performed beste0
- Value
- 37%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In antifungal tests, the NE performed best against Penicillium digitatum with a contamination rate of 37%”
e1“Oranges”
Claim · model-written summary
The nanoemulsion produced a 16% P. italicum contamination rate.
- Taxon
- orangese1
- Treatment
- NEe0
- Interactor
- P. italicum
Penicillium italicume0pathogen - Outcome
- contamination ratee0
- Direction
- performed beste0
- Value
- 16%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the NE performed best against Penicillium digitatum with a contamination rate of 37%, and against P. italicum with a contamination rate of 16%.”
e1“Oranges”
Claim · model-written summary
Ten-percent essential oil was the weakest treatment against P. italicum, with 91.6% infection.
- Taxon
- orangese1
- Treatment
- 10% essential oil treatmente0
- Interactor
- P. italicumPenicillium italicume0pathogen
- Outcome
- infection ratee0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 91.6%e0
- Comparator
- positive control (carbendazim)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The 10% essential oil treatment on P. italicum had the weakest performance, with a 91.6% infection rate higher than that of the positive control (carbendazim).”
e1“Oranges”
The same questions in other papers
botanical · Penicillium italicum · Citrus sinensis (sweet orange)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →nanoparticle · Penicillium digitatum · Citrus sinensis (sweet orange)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.