Abstract
Tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum Mill) is one of the most consumed vegetables in the world. Chemicals like Bavistin and Calcium Chloride used to enhance the postharvest life of tomatoes have detrimental effects on human health. An experiment was conducted on tomatoes to determine the effects of essential oils on their physical (color, firmness, weight loss) and chemical attributes (TSS, TA, Vitamin C, pH). Tomatoes were treated with different concentrations of lemon grass oil, calcium chloride (1%), and extract of Justicia adhatoda (100%), and the effects were analyzed along with the control. No significant difference in weight loss was observed among treatments recording maximum weight in Justicia extract treatment (12.86%) and minimum in the control (9.73%). Maximum firmness (5.71 Nmm -1 ) was recorded in 100% Asuro extract treatment on Day 14 while there was no significant difference in pH on treated tomatoes except on the 10 th DAT. A significant difference was noted in TSS, titratable acidity on 4 DAT, and vitamin C content among treatments. TSS content increased up to 10 DAT and showed a gradual diminishing pattern in TSS content in almost all treatments on 12 DAT and 14 DAT where maximum TSS (4.933 Brix) was found in 1% CaCl 2 and minimum TSS (3.466 Brix) was found in 200 ppm EO. Furthermore, minimum TA (0.21%) was observed in 200 ppm EO whereas maximum TA was found in tomatoes treated with 100% Asuro extract (0.36) at 14 days after treatment. Additionally, the highest content of Vitamin C (0.276 mgml -1 ) was recorded in tomatoes treated with 200 ppm of essential oil. There was a significant difference (p < 0.05) in the TSS/TA ratio among treatments during the experiment where the highest ratio (21.08) was observed in 1% CaCl 2 and the lowest ratio (9.92) was obtained in 100% Asuro Extract at 14 days after treatment. The current study implies essential oils are potential alternatives to hazardous chemicals enhancing shelf life and safety for human health. It is advisable to carry out multiple experiments in a broader area using different varieties with various concentrations.
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Claims 17
Claim · model-written summary
No significant difference in weight loss was observed among tomato treatments compared with the control.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Treatment
- lemon grass oil, calcium chloride (1%), and extract of Justicia adhatoda (100%)e1
- Outcome
- weight losse2
- Direction
- No significant differencee2
- Comparator
- controle1
- Setting
- Rupandehi, Nepalt0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Effect of essential oil on shelf-life and quality attributes of tomato in Rupandehi, Nepal”
e1“Tomatoes were treated with different concentrations of lemon grass oil, calcium chloride (1%), and extract of Justicia adhatoda (100%), and the effects were analyzed along with the control”
e2“No significant difference in weight loss was observed among treatments recording maximum weight in Justicia extract treatment (12.86%) and minimum in the control (9.73%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Justicia extract treatment gave the maximum tomato weight (12.86%), versus the minimum in the control (9.73%).
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Justicia extracte2
- Outcome
- weighte2
- Direction
- maximume2
- Value
- 12.86%e2
- Qualifier
- 9.73%e2
- Comparator
- controle2
- Setting
- Rupandehi, Nepalt0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Effect of essential oil on shelf-life and quality attributes of tomato in Rupandehi, Nepal”
e2“No significant difference in weight loss was observed among treatments recording maximum weight in Justicia extract treatment (12.86%) and minimum in the control (9.73%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Tomatoes treated with 100% Asuro extract had the maximum firmness (5.71 Nmm -1) on day 14.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- 100% Asuro extracte3
- Outcome
- firmnesse3
- Direction
- Maximume3
- Value
- 5.71 Nmm -1e3
- Qualifier
- Day 14e3
- Setting
- Rupandehi, Nepalt0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Effect of essential oil on shelf-life and quality attributes of tomato in Rupandehi, Nepal”
e3“Maximum firmness (5.71 Nmm -1 ) was recorded in 100% Asuro extract treatment on Day 14”
Claim · model-written summary
No significant difference in tomato pH among treatments, except on day 10 after treatment.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- lemon grass oil, calcium chloride (1%), and extract of Justicia adhatoda (100%)e1
- Outcome
- pHe4
- Direction
- no significant differencee4
- Qualifier
- except on the 10 th DATe4
- Comparator
- controle1
- Setting
- Rupandehi, Nepalt0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Effect of essential oil on shelf-life and quality attributes of tomato in Rupandehi, Nepal”
e1“Tomatoes were treated with different concentrations of lemon grass oil, calcium chloride (1%), and extract of Justicia adhatoda (100%), and the effects were analyzed along with the control”
e4“there was no significant difference in pH on treated tomatoes except on the 10 th DAT”
Claim · model-written summary
Significant differences among treatments were found in TSS, titratable acidity on 4 DAT and vitamin C content of tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- lemon grass oil, calcium chloride (1%), and extract of Justicia adhatoda (100%)e1
- Outcome
- TSS, titratable acidity on 4 DAT, and vitamin C contente5
- Comparator
- controle1
- Setting
- Rupandehi, Nepalt0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Effect of essential oil on shelf-life and quality attributes of tomato in Rupandehi, Nepal”
e1“Tomatoes were treated with different concentrations of lemon grass oil, calcium chloride (1%), and extract of Justicia adhatoda (100%), and the effects were analyzed along with the control”
e5“A significant difference was noted in TSS, titratable acidity on 4 DAT, and vitamin C content among treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
TSS of tomato increased up to 10 DAT.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- TSS contente6
- Direction
- increasede6
- Qualifier
- increased up to 10 DATe6
- Setting
- Rupandehi, Nepalt0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Effect of essential oil on shelf-life and quality attributes of tomato in Rupandehi, Nepal”
e6“TSS content increased up to 10 DAT and showed a gradual diminishing pattern in TSS content in almost all treatments on 12 DAT and 14 DAT”
Claim · model-written summary
TSS of tomato showed a gradual diminishing pattern in almost all treatments on 12 and 14 DAT.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- TSS contente6
- Direction
- diminishinge6
- Qualifier
- gradual diminishing pattern in TSS content in almost all treatments on 12 DAT and 14 DATe6
- Setting
- Rupandehi, Nepalt0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Effect of essential oil on shelf-life and quality attributes of tomato in Rupandehi, Nepal”
e6“TSS content increased up to 10 DAT and showed a gradual diminishing pattern in TSS content in almost all treatments on 12 DAT and 14 DAT”
Claim · model-written summary
The maximum TSS (4.933 Brix) of tomato was found in 1% CaCl 2 compared with 200 ppm essential oil.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- 1% CaCl 2e7
- Outcome
- TSSe7
- Direction
- maximume7
- Value
- 4.933 Brixe7
- Comparator
- 200 ppm EOe7
- Setting
- Rupandehi, Nepalt0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Effect of essential oil on shelf-life and quality attributes of tomato in Rupandehi, Nepal”
e7“maximum TSS (4.933 Brix) was found in 1% CaCl 2 and minimum TSS (3.466 Brix) was found in 200 ppm EO”
Claim · model-written summary
The minimum TSS (3.466 Brix) of tomato was found in 200 ppm essential oil compared with 1% CaCl 2.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- 200 ppm EOe7
- Outcome
- TSSe7
- Direction
- minimume7
- Value
- 3.466 Brixe7
- Comparator
- 1% CaCl 2e7
- Setting
- Rupandehi, Nepalt0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Effect of essential oil on shelf-life and quality attributes of tomato in Rupandehi, Nepal”
e7“maximum TSS (4.933 Brix) was found in 1% CaCl 2 and minimum TSS (3.466 Brix) was found in 200 ppm EO”
Claim · model-written summary
The minimum titratable acidity (0.21%) of tomato was observed in 200 ppm essential oil.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- 200 ppm EOe0
- Outcome
- TAe0
- Direction
- minimume0
- Value
- 0.21%e0
- Comparator
- 100% Asuro extracte0
- Setting
- Rupandehi, Nepalt0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Effect of essential oil on shelf-life and quality attributes of tomato in Rupandehi, Nepal”
e0“minimum TA (0.21%) was observed in 200 ppm EO whereas maximum TA was found in tomatoes treated with 100% Asuro extract (0.36) at 14 days after treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
The maximum titratable acidity (0.36) of tomato was found in 100% Asuro extract at 14 days after treatment.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- 100% Asuro extracte0
- Outcome
- TAe0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 0.36e0
- Comparator
- 200 ppm EOe0
- Setting
- Rupandehi, Nepalt0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Effect of essential oil on shelf-life and quality attributes of tomato in Rupandehi, Nepal”
e0“minimum TA (0.21%) was observed in 200 ppm EO whereas maximum TA was found in tomatoes treated with 100% Asuro extract (0.36) at 14 days after treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
The highest vitamin C content (0.276 mgml -1) of tomato was recorded in 200 ppm essential oil treatment.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- 200 ppm of essential oile0
- Outcome
- content of Vitamin Ce0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 0.276 mgml -1e0
- Setting
- Rupandehi, Nepalt0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Effect of essential oil on shelf-life and quality attributes of tomato in Rupandehi, Nepal”
e0“the highest content of Vitamin C (0.276 mgml -1 ) was recorded in tomatoes treated with 200 ppm of essential oil”
Claim · model-written summary
The highest TSS/TA ratio (21.08) of tomato was observed in 1% CaCl 2 at 14 days after treatment.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- 1% CaCl 2e0
- Outcome
- TSS/TA ratioe6
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 21.08e0
- Comparator
- 100% Asuro Extracte0
- Setting
- Rupandehi, Nepalt0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Effect of essential oil on shelf-life and quality attributes of tomato in Rupandehi, Nepal”
e0“the highest ratio (21.08) was observed in 1% CaCl 2 and the lowest ratio (9.92) was obtained in 100% Asuro Extract at 14 days after treatment”
e6“There was a significant difference (p < 0.05) in the TSS/TA ratio among treatments during the experiment”
Claim · model-written summary
The lowest TSS/TA ratio (9.92) of tomato was obtained in 100% Asuro extract at 14 days after treatment.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- 100% Asuro Extracte0
- Outcome
- TSS/TA ratioe6
- Direction
- loweste0
- Value
- 9.92e0
- Comparator
- 1% CaCl 2e0
- Setting
- Rupandehi, Nepalt0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Effect of essential oil on shelf-life and quality attributes of tomato in Rupandehi, Nepal”
e0“the highest ratio (21.08) was observed in 1% CaCl 2 and the lowest ratio (9.92) was obtained in 100% Asuro Extract at 14 days after treatment”
e6“There was a significant difference (p < 0.05) in the TSS/TA ratio among treatments during the experiment”
Claim · model-written summary
Significant differences among treatments were found in the TSS/TA ratio of tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- lemon grass oil, calcium chloride (1%), and extract of Justicia adhatoda (100%)e1
- Outcome
- TSS/TA ratioe6
- Qualifier
- p < 0.05e6
- Comparator
- controle1
- Setting
- Rupandehi, Nepalt0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Effect of essential oil on shelf-life and quality attributes of tomato in Rupandehi, Nepal”
e1“Tomatoes were treated with different concentrations of lemon grass oil, calcium chloride (1%), and extract of Justicia adhatoda (100%), and the effects were analyzed along with the control”
e6“There was a significant difference (p < 0.05) in the TSS/TA ratio among treatments during the experiment”
Claim · model-written summary
Essential oils are potential alternatives to hazardous chemicals for enhancing tomato shelf life and safety.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- potential alternatives to hazardous chemicalse0
- Setting
- Rupandehi, Nepalt0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Effect of essential oil on shelf-life and quality attributes of tomato in Rupandehi, Nepal”
e0“The current study implies essential oils are potential alternatives to hazardous chemicals enhancing shelf life and safety for human health”
Claim · model-written summary
Multiple experiments in a broader area with different varieties and concentrations are advisable.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- carry out multiple experiments in a broader area using different varieties with various concentrationse0
- Setting
- Rupandehi, Nepalt0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Effect of essential oil on shelf-life and quality attributes of tomato in Rupandehi, Nepal”
e0“It is advisable to carry out multiple experiments in a broader area using different varieties with various concentrations”
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