Abstract
The low availability of phosphorus (P) in soil is one of the main constraints on crop production. Plants have developed several strategies to increase P use efficiency, including modifications in root morphology, the exudation of different compounds, and associations with microorganisms such as arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). This study aimed to investigate the effect of sorgoleone compound on AMF colonization and its subsequent impact on P uptake, rhizosphere microbiota, and sorghum growth. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse using the sorghum genotype P9401, known for low sorgoleone production. Three doses of purified sorgoleone (20 μM, 40 μM, and 80 μM) were added to low-P soil and plants were harvested after 45 days. Treatments included inoculation with the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi Rhizophagus clarus and a negative control without inoculum. The addition of 40 and 80 μM of sorgoleone did not significantly increase mycorrhization. However, treatment with 20 μM sorgoleone combined with R. clarus inoculation significantly increased total sorghum biomass by 1.6-fold (p ≤ 0.05) compared to the non-inoculated treatment. AMF inoculation influenced only AMF colonization and the fungal microbiota, without affecting the bacterial community, whereas sorgoleone showed no effect on either. The activities of acid and alkaline phosphatases in the rhizospheric soil did not differ significantly among the treatments. Furthermore, the sorghum genes CYP71AM1, associated with sorgoleone biosynthesis, and Sb02g009880, Sb06g002560, Sb06g002540, and Sb03g029970 (related to phosphate transport induced by mycorrhiza) were significantly upregulated (p ≤ 0.05) in fine roots under these conditions. The 20 μM concentration of sorgoleone can enhance AMF colonization in sorghum and promote plant growth under low-P conditions, without significantly altering the microbiota.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
At 40 μM, sorgoleone did not significantly increase mycorrhization.
- Treatment
- 40e0
- Interactor
- arbuscular mycorrhizal fungit0symbiont
- Outcome
- mycorrhizatione0
- Direction
- did not significantly increasee0
SorghumNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The addition of 40 and 80 μM of sorgoleone did not significantly increase mycorrhization.”
t0“Sorghum Growth: Influence of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi”
Claim · model-written summary
At 80 μM, sorgoleone did not significantly increase mycorrhization.
- Treatment
- 80 μM of sorgoleonee0
- Interactor
- arbuscular mycorrhizal fungit0symbiont
- Outcome
- mycorrhizatione0
- Direction
- did not significantly increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The addition of 40 and 80 μM of sorgoleone did not significantly increase mycorrhization.”
t0“Sorghum Growth: Influence of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi”
Claim · model-written summary
20 μM sorgoleone with R. clarus inoculation increased total sorghum biomass 1.6-fold relative to non-inoculated treatment.
- Treatment
- 20 μM sorgoleone combined with R. clarus inoculatione0
- Interactor
- R. clarusRhizophagus claruse0symbiont
- Outcome
- total sorghum biomasse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 1.6-folde0
- Comparator
- non-inoculated treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“However, treatment with 20 μM sorgoleone combined with R. clarus inoculation significantly increased total sorghum biomass by 1.6-fold (p ≤ 0.05) compared to the non-inoculated treatment.”
Claim · model-written summary
AMF inoculation affected AMF colonization.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“AMF inoculation influenced only AMF colonization and the fungal microbiota, without affecting the bacterial community, whereas sorgoleone showed no effect on either.”
t0“Sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
AMF inoculation affected fungal microbiota.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“AMF inoculation influenced only AMF colonization and the fungal microbiota, without affecting the bacterial community, whereas sorgoleone showed no effect on either.”
t0“Sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
AMF inoculation did not affect the bacterial community.
- Treatment
- AMF inoculatione0
- Interactor
- AMFe0symbiont
- Outcome
- bacterial communitye0
- Direction
- without affectinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“AMF inoculation influenced only AMF colonization and the fungal microbiota, without affecting the bacterial community, whereas sorgoleone showed no effect on either.”
t0“Sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Sorgoleone had no effect on the fungal microbiota.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“AMF inoculation influenced only AMF colonization and the fungal microbiota, without affecting the bacterial community, whereas sorgoleone showed no effect on either.”
t0“Sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Sorgoleone had no effect on the bacterial community.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“AMF inoculation influenced only AMF colonization and the fungal microbiota, without affecting the bacterial community, whereas sorgoleone showed no effect on either.”
t0“Sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Rhizosphere acid and alkaline phosphatase activities did not differ significantly among treatments.
- Treatment
- treatmentse0
- Outcome
- activities of acid and alkaline phosphatases in the rhizospheric soile0
- Direction
- did not differ significantlye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The activities of acid and alkaline phosphatases in the rhizospheric soil did not differ significantly among the treatments.”
t0“Sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
CYP71AM1 expression was upregulated in fine roots under the reported conditions.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Furthermore, the sorghum genes CYP71AM1, associated with sorgoleone biosynthesis, and Sb02g009880, Sb06g002560, Sb06g002540, and Sb03g029970 (related to phosphate transport induced by mycorrhiza) were significantly upregulated (p ≤ 0.05) in fine roots under these conditions.”
Claim · model-written summary
Four phosphate transport related sorghum genes were upregulated in fine roots.
- Organ / stage
- fine rootse0
- Gene
- Sb02g009880, Sb06g002560, Sb06g002540, and Sb03g029970e0
- Outcome
- significantly upregulatede0
- Direction
- upregulatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Furthermore, the sorghum genes CYP71AM1, associated with sorgoleone biosynthesis, and Sb02g009880, Sb06g002560, Sb06g002540, and Sb03g029970 (related to phosphate transport induced by mycorrhiza) were significantly upregulated (p ≤ 0.05) in fine roots under these conditions.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that 20 μM sorgoleone can enhance AMF colonization in sorghum under low P.
- Treatment
- 20 μM concentration of sorgoleonee0
- Interactor
- AMFe0symbiont
- Outcome
- enhance AMF colonization in sorghume0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The 20 μM concentration of sorgoleone can enhance AMF colonization in sorghum and promote plant growth under low-P conditions, without significantly altering the microbiota.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that 20 μM sorgoleone can promote sorghum growth under low P.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The 20 μM concentration of sorgoleone can enhance AMF colonization in sorghum and promote plant growth under low-P conditions, without significantly altering the microbiota.”
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64 papers in the same direction as this paper · 9 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative
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See all 76 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.