Paper · 2024 · Cropsaver Journal of Plant Protection

Filtrate Culture of Trichoderma, Gliocladium, Penicilium and Aspergillus flavus as Inhibitor on Downy Mildew on Maize

Nur Ilmi; Sogandi Sogandi; Hikmahwati Hikmahwati

4
claims
8
verbatim quotes
0
citations
2
research areas
✓
Open access · cc-by-nc

Abstract

Controlling downy mildew caused by Perenosclerospora philipinensis in maize plants is currently dependent on the use of synthetic pesticides; therefore, it is necessary to develop biocontrol agents as a sustainable alternative control. Filtrate cultures of biocontrol agent fungi consist of antibiotics, enzymes, and secondary metabolites that are antimicrobial in nature. We conducted the research from July to August 2024 at the Plant Disease Laboratory of the Department of Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, and the Biochemistry Laboratory of the Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Hasanuddin University. This study had four parts: (1) identifying the morphology of biocontrol agent isolates and pathogenic fungi; (2) measuring growth diameter of antagonist fungi;(3) testing filtrate cultures for their ability to inhibit pathogens; and (4) testing filtrate cultures for their ability in vigor of sprouting on corn seeds. Based on morphological identification, the four biocontrol agent isolates are Trichoderma, Gliocladium, Penicillium, and Aspergillus flavus , with the best growth diameter on the Trichoderma, which is 8.5 cm on seven days. The filtrate cultures performed the best in the inhibition test on P. philipinensis , exhibiting spore damage percentages of 70-74%. The vigor test performed best on Trichoderma and Aspergillus flavus , with growth potential (GP) of 100% and 63%, respectively. Filtrate culture with biological agents has good potential for P. philipinensis spore inhibition and corn seed germination.

Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by-nc. Read at the source ↗

The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 4

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Trichoderma had the largest isolate growth diameter, 8.5 cm after seven days.

Taxon
MaizeZea mayst0
Interactor
TrichodermaTrichodermae0biocontrol_agent
Outcome
growth diametere0
Value
8.5 cme0
Qualifier
on seven dayse0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Trichoderma
Trichoderma · Interactor · picture of the genus (one of its species)US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Systematic Botany and Mycology Laboratory, [1] · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“the best growth diameter on the Trichoderma, which is 8.5 cm on seven days”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1110–1184 · show in text ↑
t0

“Maize”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 112–117 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Filtrate cultures damaged 70-74% of P. philipinensis spores in the inhibition test.

Taxon
MaizeZea mayst0
Treatment
filtrate culturese0
Interactor
P. philipinensise0pathogen
Outcome
P. philipinensis , exhibiting spore damage percentagese0
Direction
beste0
Value
70-74%e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The filtrate cultures performed the best in the inhibition test on P. philipinensis , exhibiting spore damage percentages of 70-74%.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1186–1318 · show in text ↑
t0

“Maize”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 112–117 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Trichoderma filtrate gave maize seeds 100% growth potential.

Taxon
MaizeZea mayst0
Treatment
Trichodermae0
Interactor
TrichodermaTrichodermae0biocontrol_agent
Outcome
growth potential (GP)e0
Direction
beste0
Value
100%e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Trichoderma
Trichoderma · Interactor · picture of the genus (one of its species)US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Systematic Botany and Mycology Laboratory, [1] · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The vigor test performed best on Trichoderma and Aspergillus flavus , with growth potential (GP) of 100% and 63%, respectively.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1319–1446 · show in text ↑
t0

“Maize”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 112–117 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Aspergillus flavus filtrate gave maize seeds 63% growth potential.

Taxon
MaizeZea mayst0
Treatment
Aspergillus flavuse0
Interactor
Aspergillus flavusAspergillus flavuse0biocontrol_agent
Outcome
growth potential (GP)e0
Direction
beste0
Value
63%e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Aspergillus flavus
Aspergillus flavus · InteractorUS gov · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The vigor test performed best on Trichoderma and Aspergillus flavus , with growth potential (GP) of 100% and 63%, respectively.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1319–1446 · show in text ↑
t0

“Maize”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 112–117 · show in text ↑

Trichoderma · growth · Zea mays (maize)Results differ

26 papers: 19 positive, 7 negative or no effect

18 papers in the same direction as this paper · 6 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. no effect
  2. negative
  3. negative

22 papers more in this group

See all 26 papers →

Aspergillus flavus · growth · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results

6 papers: 2 positive, 4 negative or no effect

1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. negative
  3. negative

2 papers more in this group

See all 6 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.