Abstract
Tuta absoluta is a major pest, damaging tomato crops in many countries. Spinetoram, a novel insecticide, is increasingly used for the management of various insect pests. However, limited information is available on its lethal effects on T. absoluta. Therefore, this study was carried out to evaluate the toxicity of spinetoram concentrations in T. absoluta by exposing third-instar larvae to this insecticide through leaf-dipping bioassays under laboratory conditions. The results showed that sublethal spinetoram concentrations (LC10 and LC20) extended the developmental duration of the larval and pupal stage, as well as the oviposition period, and decreased the pupal weight, pupation and eclosion rates, fecundity, sex ratio, and egg-hatching rate compared to the control group. LC10 and LC20 treatments up-regulated the activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase antioxidant enzymes in T. absoluta larvae by 51.14–88.72% and 39.34–87.76% at 12 h, 62.71–96.68% and 37.38–39.92% at 24 h, and 41.78–53.34% and 19.44–48.39% at 48 h, respectively, compared to the control. Conversely, the LC10 and LC20 treatments inhibited the activities of detoxifying enzymes, i.e., carboxylesterase (14.72–34.95%), acetylcholinesterase (9.02–48.86%), glutathione S-transferase (19.40–43.19%), and mixed-function oxidase (18.18–25.93%). These findings indicate that lethal concentrations of spinetoram influence the population dynamics of T. absoluta by reducing their survival and developmental potential and inhibiting the activity of detoxifying enzymes.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Sublethal spinetoram extended larval and pupal development and oviposition periods in Tuta absoluta.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume0 - Treatment
- sublethal spinetoram concentrations (LC10 and LC20)e1
- Interactor
- Tuta absoluta
.jpg?width=60)
Tuta absolutae0pest - Outcome
- developmental duration of the larval and pupal stage, as well as the oviposition periode1
- Direction
- extendede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Tuta absoluta is a major pest, damaging tomato crops”
e1“sublethal spinetoram concentrations (LC10 and LC20) extended the developmental duration of the larval and pupal stage, as well as the oviposition period”
Claim · model-written summary
Sublethal spinetoram decreased pupal weight, pupation and eclosion rates in Tuta absoluta.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- sublethal spinetoram concentrations (LC10 and LC20)e1
- Interactor
- Tuta absolutaTuta absolutae0pest
- Outcome
- pupal weight, pupation and eclosion ratese1
- Direction
- decreasede1
- Comparator
- the control groupe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tuta absoluta is a major pest, damaging tomato crops”
e1“sublethal spinetoram concentrations (LC10 and LC20) extended the developmental duration of the larval and pupal stage, as well as the oviposition period, and decreased the pupal weight, pupation and eclosion rates, fecundity, sex ratio, and egg-hatching rate compared to the control group”
Claim · model-written summary
Sublethal spinetoram decreased Tuta absoluta fecundity, sex ratio and egg-hatching rate.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- sublethal spinetoram concentrations (LC10 and LC20)e1
- Interactor
- Tuta absolutaTuta absolutae0pest
- Outcome
- fecundity, sex ratio, and egg-hatching ratee1
- Direction
- decreasede1
- Comparator
- the control groupe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tuta absoluta is a major pest, damaging tomato crops”
e1“sublethal spinetoram concentrations (LC10 and LC20) extended the developmental duration of the larval and pupal stage, as well as the oviposition period, and decreased the pupal weight, pupation and eclosion rates, fecundity, sex ratio, and egg-hatching rate compared to the control group”
Claim · model-written summary
LC10 and LC20 raised larval superoxide dismutase activity by 51.14–88.72% at 12 h.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- LC10 and LC20 treatmentse1
- Interactor
- T. absolutaTuta absolutae1pest
- Gene
- superoxide dismutasee1
- Outcome
- activity of superoxide dismutasee1
- Direction
- up-regulatede1
- Value
- 51.14–88.72%e1
- Qualifier
- 12 he1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tuta absoluta is a major pest, damaging tomato crops”
e1“LC10 and LC20 treatments up-regulated the activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase antioxidant enzymes in T. absoluta larvae by 51.14–88.72% and 39.34–87.76% at 12 h”
Claim · model-written summary
LC10 and LC20 raised larval catalase activity by 39.34–87.76% at 12 h.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- LC10 and LC20 treatmentse1
- Interactor
- T. absolutaTuta absolutae1pest
- Gene
- catalasee1
- Outcome
- catalase antioxidant enzymese1
- Direction
- up-regulatede1
- Value
- 39.34–87.76%e1
- Qualifier
- 12 he1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tuta absoluta is a major pest, damaging tomato crops”
e1“LC10 and LC20 treatments up-regulated the activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase antioxidant enzymes in T. absoluta larvae by 51.14–88.72% and 39.34–87.76% at 12 h”
Claim · model-written summary
LC10 and LC20 raised larval superoxide dismutase activity by 62.71–96.68% at 24 h.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- LC10 and LC20 treatmentse1
- Interactor
- T. absolutaTuta absolutae1pest
- Gene
- superoxide dismutasee1
- Outcome
- activity of superoxide dismutasee1
- Direction
- up-regulatede1
- Value
- 62.71–96.68%e1
- Qualifier
- 24 he1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tuta absoluta is a major pest, damaging tomato crops”
e1“LC10 and LC20 treatments up-regulated the activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase antioxidant enzymes in T. absoluta larvae by 51.14–88.72% and 39.34–87.76% at 12 h, 62.71–96.68% and 37.38–39.92% at 24 h”
Claim · model-written summary
LC10 and LC20 raised larval catalase activity by 37.38–39.92% at 24 h.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- LC10 and LC20 treatmentse1
- Interactor
- T. absolutaTuta absolutae1pest
- Gene
- catalasee1
- Outcome
- catalase antioxidant enzymese1
- Direction
- up-regulatede1
- Value
- 37.38–39.92%e1
- Qualifier
- 24 he1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tuta absoluta is a major pest, damaging tomato crops”
e1“LC10 and LC20 treatments up-regulated the activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase antioxidant enzymes in T. absoluta larvae by 51.14–88.72% and 39.34–87.76% at 12 h, 62.71–96.68% and 37.38–39.92% at 24 h”
Claim · model-written summary
LC10 and LC20 raised larval superoxide dismutase activity by 41.78–53.34% at 48 h.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- LC10 and LC20 treatmentse1
- Interactor
- T. absolutaTuta absolutae1pest
- Gene
- superoxide dismutasee1
- Outcome
- activity of superoxide dismutasee1
- Direction
- up-regulatede1
- Value
- 41.78–53.34%e1
- Qualifier
- 48 he1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tuta absoluta is a major pest, damaging tomato crops”
e1“LC10 and LC20 treatments up-regulated the activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase antioxidant enzymes in T. absoluta larvae by 51.14–88.72% and 39.34–87.76% at 12 h, 62.71–96.68% and 37.38–39.92% at 24 h, and 41.78–53.34% and 19.44–48.39% at 48 h”
Claim · model-written summary
LC10 and LC20 raised larval catalase activity by 19.44–48.39% at 48 h.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- LC10 and LC20 treatmentse1
- Interactor
- T. absolutaTuta absolutae1pest
- Gene
- catalasee1
- Outcome
- catalase antioxidant enzymese1
- Direction
- up-regulatede1
- Value
- 19.44–48.39%e1
- Qualifier
- 48 he1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tuta absoluta is a major pest, damaging tomato crops”
e1“LC10 and LC20 treatments up-regulated the activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase antioxidant enzymes in T. absoluta larvae by 51.14–88.72% and 39.34–87.76% at 12 h, 62.71–96.68% and 37.38–39.92% at 24 h, and 41.78–53.34% and 19.44–48.39% at 48 h”
Claim · model-written summary
LC10 and LC20 inhibited Tuta absoluta carboxylesterase activity by 14.72–34.95%.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- LC10 and LC20 treatmentse1
- Interactor
- Tuta absolutaTuta absolutae0pest
- Gene
- carboxylesterasee1
- Outcome
- activities of detoxifying enzymese1
- Direction
- inhibitede1
- Value
- 14.72–34.95%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tuta absoluta is a major pest, damaging tomato crops”
e1“the LC10 and LC20 treatments inhibited the activities of detoxifying enzymes, i.e., carboxylesterase (14.72–34.95%), acetylcholinesterase (9.02–48.86%), glutathione S-transferase (19.40–43.19%), and mixed-function oxidase (18.18–25.93%)”
Claim · model-written summary
LC10 and LC20 inhibited Tuta absoluta acetylcholinesterase activity by 9.02–48.86%.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- LC10 and LC20 treatmentse1
- Interactor
- Tuta absolutaTuta absolutae0pest
- Gene
- acetylcholinesterasee1
- Outcome
- activities of detoxifying enzymese1
- Direction
- inhibitede1
- Value
- 9.02–48.86%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tuta absoluta is a major pest, damaging tomato crops”
e1“the LC10 and LC20 treatments inhibited the activities of detoxifying enzymes, i.e., carboxylesterase (14.72–34.95%), acetylcholinesterase (9.02–48.86%), glutathione S-transferase (19.40–43.19%), and mixed-function oxidase (18.18–25.93%)”
Claim · model-written summary
LC10 and LC20 inhibited Tuta absoluta glutathione S-transferase activity by 19.40–43.19%.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- LC10 and LC20 treatmentse1
- Interactor
- Tuta absolutaTuta absolutae0pest
- Gene
- glutathione S-transferasee1
- Outcome
- activities of detoxifying enzymese1
- Direction
- inhibitede1
- Value
- 19.40–43.19%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tuta absoluta is a major pest, damaging tomato crops”
e1“the LC10 and LC20 treatments inhibited the activities of detoxifying enzymes, i.e., carboxylesterase (14.72–34.95%), acetylcholinesterase (9.02–48.86%), glutathione S-transferase (19.40–43.19%), and mixed-function oxidase (18.18–25.93%)”
Claim · model-written summary
LC10 and LC20 inhibited Tuta absoluta mixed-function oxidase activity by 18.18–25.93%.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- LC10 and LC20 treatmentse1
- Interactor
- Tuta absolutaTuta absolutae0pest
- Gene
- mixed-function oxidasee1
- Outcome
- activities of detoxifying enzymese1
- Direction
- inhibitede1
- Value
- 18.18–25.93%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tuta absoluta is a major pest, damaging tomato crops”
e1“the LC10 and LC20 treatments inhibited the activities of detoxifying enzymes, i.e., carboxylesterase (14.72–34.95%), acetylcholinesterase (9.02–48.86%), glutathione S-transferase (19.40–43.19%), and mixed-function oxidase (18.18–25.93%)”
The same questions in other papers
Spinetoram · Tuta absoluta · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results agree
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