Abstract
The construction of controlled-release formulations improves the sustained-release performance and utilization efficiency of pesticides, which are important aspects in plant protection and environmental chemistry. The current study employs kasugamycin (Kas), which is widely used to control Magnaporthe oryzae, conjugated with carboxyl-functionalized ZnO quantum dots via amide linkages to yield a pH-responsive pesticide delivery system (Kas@ZnO). Physicochemical characterizations indicated the successful preparation of the Kas@ZnO nanoparticles. In vitro drug release assessments indicated that Kas@ZnO exhibited a loading capacity of 21.05% and could effect the controlled release of Kas in an acidic environment, which is beneficial given the unique acidic microenvironment of M. oryzae . Bioactivity assays demonstrated that Kas@ZnO could simultaneously inhibit mycelial growth and spore germination. Additionally, bioactivity tests showed that the control efficacy of Kas@ZnO against rice blast reached 67.43% after 14 days of in vivo spray inoculation, which was higher than that obtained with Kas (55.50%), suggesting improved beneficial effects of Kas@ZnO application over a prolonged duration. Moreover, Kas@ZnO enhanced the activity of defense-related enzymes in rice and upregulated the expression of defense-related genes, such as OsPR2, OsPR3, OsPR5, OsWRKY45, OsLYP6, and OsNAC4 . Ultimately, the biosafety assessments revealed that Kas@ZnO did not exert any harmful effects on rice and demonstrated slight toxicity toward zebrafish. These findings indicate that Kas@ZnO can function as a pH-sensitive pesticide delivery system, allowing for targeted release of the pesticide within plant tissues. This technology demonstrates significant potential for eco-friendly plant disease management.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Kas@ZnO nanoparticles were successfully prepared.
- Outcome
- successful preparatione0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Physicochemical characterizations indicated the successful preparation of the Kas@ZnO nanoparticles.”
t0“Disease Resistance in Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Kas@ZnO had a loading capacity of 21.05%.
Verbatim
e0“Kas@ZnO exhibited a loading capacity of 21.05%”
t0“Disease Resistance in Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Kas@ZnO released Kas in an acidic environment.
Not reportedComparatorValue
Verbatim
e0“could effect the controlled release of Kas in an acidic environment”
t0“Disease Resistance in Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Kas@ZnO inhibited mycelial growth.
- Taxon
- Rice
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- Kas@ZnOe0
- Interactor
- M. oryzae
Pyricularia oryzaee1pathogen - Outcome
- mycelial growthe0
- Direction
- inhibite0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Kas@ZnO could simultaneously inhibit mycelial growth and spore germination”
e1“M. oryzae”
t0“Disease Resistance in Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Kas@ZnO inhibited spore germination.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Kas@ZnOe0
- Interactor
- M. oryzaePyricularia oryzaee1pathogen
- Outcome
- spore germinatione0
- Direction
- inhibite0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Kas@ZnO could simultaneously inhibit mycelial growth and spore germination”
e1“M. oryzae”
t0“Disease Resistance in Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Kas@ZnO controlled rice blast by 67.43% after 14 days, exceeding Kas at 55.50%.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- Kas@ZnOe0
- Outcome
- control efficacye0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 67.43%e0
- Qualifier
- 55.50%e0
- Comparator
- Kase0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“control efficacy of Kas@ZnO against rice blast reached 67.43% after 14 days of in vivo spray inoculation, which was higher than that obtained with Kas (55.50%)”
t0“Disease Resistance in Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Kas@ZnO enhanced defense-related enzyme activity in rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- Kas@ZnOe0
- Outcome
- activity of defense-related enzymese0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Kas@ZnO enhanced the activity of defense-related enzymes in rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Kas@ZnO upregulated defense-related genes in rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- Kas@ZnOe0
- Gene
- OsPR2, OsPR3, OsPR5, OsWRKY45, OsLYP6, and OsNAC4e0
- Outcome
- expression of defense-related genese0
- Direction
- upregulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Kas@ZnO enhanced the activity of defense-related enzymes in rice and upregulated the expression of defense-related genes, such as OsPR2, OsPR3, OsPR5, OsWRKY45, OsLYP6, and OsNAC4”
Claim · model-written summary
Kas@ZnO caused no harmful effects on rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- Kas@ZnOe0
- Outcome
- harmful effectse0
- Direction
- did not exerte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Kas@ZnO did not exert any harmful effects on rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Kas@ZnO showed slight toxicity toward zebrafish.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Outcome
- slight toxicity toward zebrafishe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Kas@ZnO did not exert any harmful effects on rice and demonstrated slight toxicity toward zebrafish”
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See all 5 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.