Abstract
Full-spectrum light-emitting diodes (LEDs) have gradually replaced narrow-spectrum LEDs and are widely used in plant factories with artificial lighting (PFALs). However, the specific effect of LED light quality on dry mass allocation in runner plant propagation remains unclear. Hence, we cultivated “Akihime” strawberries as mother plants for 115 days to conduct runner plant propagation experiment under white LEDs (W 100 ), white and red LEDs (W 84 R 16 and W 55 R 45 ), red and blue LEDs (RB 100 ), and red, blue and green LEDs (RB 80 G 20 ) in PFALs, and determined key factors affecting dry mass accumulation and allocation among mother plants and runner plants based on growth component analysis. The results showed that the net photosynthetic rate and total leaf area in mother plants in W 100 increased by 11% and 31%, respectively, compared with W 55 R 45 . In comparison to W 84 R 16 and W 55 R 45 , W 100 increased the dry mass (23%–30%) of runner plants mainly by increasing the total dry mass (TDM) (23%) of strawberry plants, without significantly affecting the fraction of dry mass partitioning to runner plants. However, the number of runners in W 55 R 45 was 5.1 per plant, representing only 78% of that in W 100 . Compared with RB 100 , RB 80 G 20 significantly increased the number of runner plants and runner numbers by 16% and 19% to 13.0 per plant and 5.8 per plant, respectively. The partial replacement of blue light with green light in RB 80 G 20 induced a shade avoidance response in runner plants, resulting in a 55% increase in the total leaf area of runner plants compared with RB 100 . Data from growth component analysis showed that compared with red and blue LEDs, white LEDs increased the TDM of runner plants by 83% by increasing the plant TDM accumulation (44%) and the fraction of dry mass partitioning to runner plants (37%). Additionally, the dry mass (g) of runner plants per mol and per kilowatt-hour under in W 100 were 0.11 and 0.75, respectively, significantly higher than other treatments. Therefore, reducing red light proportion in full-spectrum LEDs is beneficial for strawberry runner plant propagation in PFALs.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
W100 raised mother plant net photosynthetic rate by 11% versus W55R45.
- Taxon
- strawberry
_single2.jpg?width=60)
Fragaria ×ananassat0 - Organ / stage
- mother plantse0
- Treatment
- W 100e0
- Outcome
- net photosynthetic ratee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 11%e0
- Comparator
- W 55 R 45e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_single2.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“the net photosynthetic rate and total leaf area in mother plants in W 100 increased by 11% and 31%, respectively, compared with W 55 R 45”
t0“strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
W100 raised mother plant total leaf area by 31% versus W55R45.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Organ / stage
- mother plantse0
- Treatment
- W 100e0
- Outcome
- total leaf areae0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 31%e0
- Comparator
- W 55 R 45e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the net photosynthetic rate and total leaf area in mother plants in W 100 increased by 11% and 31%, respectively, compared with W 55 R 45”
t0“strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
W100 increased runner plant dry mass by 23%–30% relative to W84R16 and W55R45.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Organ / stage
- runner plantse0
- Treatment
- W 100e0
- Outcome
- dry masse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 23%–30%e0
- Comparator
- W 84 R 16 and W 55 R 45e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In comparison to W 84 R 16 and W 55 R 45 , W 100 increased the dry mass (23%–30%) of runner plants”
t0“strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
W100 increased strawberry total dry mass by 23%.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- W 100e0
- Outcome
- total dry mass (TDM)e0
- Direction
- increasinge0
- Value
- 23%e0
- Comparator
- W 84 R 16 and W 55 R 45e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In comparison to W 84 R 16 and W 55 R 45 , W 100 increased the dry mass (23%–30%) of runner plants mainly by increasing the total dry mass (TDM) (23%) of strawberry plants”
t0“strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
W100 did not significantly change runner dry mass partitioning relative to W84R16 and W55R45.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- W 100e0
- Outcome
- fraction of dry mass partitioning to runner plantse0
- Direction
- without significantly affectinge0
- Comparator
- W 84 R 16 and W 55 R 45e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In comparison to W 84 R 16 and W 55 R 45 , W 100 increased the dry mass (23%–30%) of runner plants mainly by increasing the total dry mass (TDM) (23%) of strawberry plants, without significantly affecting the fraction of dry mass partitioning to runner plants”
t0“strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
W55R45 produced 5.1 runners per plant, 78% of W100.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- W 55 R 45e0
- Outcome
- number of runnerse0
- Direction
- onlye0
- Value
- 5.1 per plante0
- Qualifier
- 78%e0
- Comparator
- W 100e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the number of runners in W 55 R 45 was 5.1 per plant, representing only 78% of that in W 100”
t0“strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
RB80G20 increased runner plant number by 16% to 13.0 per plant versus RB100.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- RB 80 G 20e0
- Outcome
- number of runner plantse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 16%e0
- Qualifier
- 13.0 per plante0
- Comparator
- RB 100e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared with RB 100 , RB 80 G 20 significantly increased the number of runner plants and runner numbers by 16% and 19% to 13.0 per plant and 5.8 per plant, respectively”
t0“strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
RB80G20 increased runner number by 19% to 5.8 per plant versus RB100.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- RB 80 G 20e0
- Outcome
- runner numberse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 19%e0
- Qualifier
- 5.8 per plante0
- Comparator
- RB 100e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared with RB 100 , RB 80 G 20 significantly increased the number of runner plants and runner numbers by 16% and 19% to 13.0 per plant and 5.8 per plant, respectively”
t0“strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Replacing some blue light with green light in RB80G20 induced shade avoidance in runners.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Organ / stage
- runner plantse0
- Treatment
- partial replacement of blue light with green lighte0
- Outcome
- shade avoidance responsee0
- Comparator
- RB 100e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The partial replacement of blue light with green light in RB 80 G 20 induced a shade avoidance response in runner plants, resulting in a 55% increase in the total leaf area of runner plants compared with RB 100”
t0“strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
RB80G20 increased runner leaf area by 55% versus RB100.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- RB 80 G 20e0
- Outcome
- total leaf area of runner plantse0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 55%e0
- Comparator
- RB 100e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The partial replacement of blue light with green light in RB 80 G 20 induced a shade avoidance response in runner plants, resulting in a 55% increase in the total leaf area of runner plants compared with RB 100”
t0“strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
White LEDs increased runner total dry mass by 83% versus red and blue LEDs.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- white LEDse0
- Outcome
- TDM of runner plantse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 83%e0
- Comparator
- red and blue LEDse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“compared with red and blue LEDs, white LEDs increased the TDM of runner plants by 83%”
t0“strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
White LEDs increased plant total dry mass accumulation by 44% versus red and blue LEDs.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- white LEDse0
- Outcome
- plant TDM accumulatione0
- Direction
- increasinge0
- Value
- 44%e0
- Comparator
- red and blue LEDse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“compared with red and blue LEDs, white LEDs increased the TDM of runner plants by 83% by increasing the plant TDM accumulation (44%)”
t0“strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
White LEDs increased runner dry mass partitioning by 37% versus red and blue LEDs.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- white LEDse0
- Outcome
- fraction of dry mass partitioning to runner plantse0
- Direction
- increasinge0
- Value
- 37%e0
- Comparator
- red and blue LEDse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“compared with red and blue LEDs, white LEDs increased the TDM of runner plants by 83% by increasing the plant TDM accumulation (44%) and the fraction of dry mass partitioning to runner plants (37%)”
t0“strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
W100 runner dry mass per mol was 0.11, significantly higher than other treatments.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- W 100e0
- Outcome
- dry mass (g) of runner plants per mole0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 0.11e0
- Comparator
- other treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the dry mass (g) of runner plants per mol and per kilowatt-hour under in W 100 were 0.11 and 0.75, respectively, significantly higher than other treatments”
t0“strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
W100 runner dry mass per kilowatt-hour was 0.75, significantly higher than other treatments.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Organ / stage
- runner plantse0
- Treatment
- W 100e0
- Outcome
- per kilowatt-houre0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 0.75e0
- Comparator
- other treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the dry mass (g) of runner plants per mol and per kilowatt-hour under in W 100 were 0.11 and 0.75, respectively, significantly higher than other treatments”
t0“strawberry”
The same questions in other papers
light · growth · Fragaria x ananassa (strawberry)Positive and negative results
53 papers in the same direction as this paper · 14 in the opposite direction
- negative
- no effect
- negative
64 papers more in this group
See all 68 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.