Abstract
Soil salinity is a major abiotic stress that severely affects crop production in different regions of the globe. Barley is an essential cereal crop and there is a significant genetic variation among barley varieties for tolerance towards salt stress. Understanding of salinity tolerance mechanisms assists in developing salt tolerant barley varieties in a hydroponics experiment. There were twelve barley varieties and two NaCl stress levels (Control, 100 and 200 mM) in this study. The nursery of barley was seeded in sand and at two-leaf stage; plants were transplanted into hydroponic tubs. The plants were grown under salt stress for 65 days and data regarding several morpho-physiological parameters were collected. The statistical analysis of the collected data was implemented by using completely randomized design (CRD) with factorial arrangement. Exposure to NaCl stress significantly reduced shoot and root growth and relative leaf water contents (RLWC), while increasing Na+ concentration, with B-9006 showing the highest root dry weight (0.39 g) and YSM1 recorded the lowest root dry weight (0.10 g) under 100 mM NaCl. The maximum (232 ppm) Na+ concentration in leaf sap was observed in variety B-15011 (70 % from control) and minimum was observed in B-15018. Maximum K+ mM concentration in leaf sap was found as 72 % in Aia-03 and minimum was observed as 50 % in B-15035. At stress level of 200 mM, highest shoot dry weight (2.52 g) was observed in ZP2 (73 % decreased from control) while minimum shoot dry weight (0.19 g) (96 % decrease from control) was recorded in Franklin genotype. Maximum root dry weight (0.24 g) was observed in B-9006 genotype while minimum root dry weight (0.04 g) was recorded in Gairdner. Maximum K+/Na+ ratio (1.20) was recorded in B-15018 and minimum (0.14) was seen in B-15035. Therefore, based on our results, barley genotypes can be classified into salt-tolerant (B-9006, B-15018, Yerong, Aia-03), salt-sensitive (Gairdner, Franklin, B-15035, B-05011), and moderately tolerant groups at both 100 and 200 mM NaCl levels.
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Claims 17
Claim · model-written summary
NaCl significantly reduced barley shoot and root growth and relative leaf water content.
- Taxon
- barley
.jpg?width=60)
Hordeum vulgaret0 - Treatment
- NaCl stresse0
- Outcome
- shoot and root growth and relative leaf water contents (RLWC)e0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Exposure to NaCl stress significantly reduced shoot and root growth and relative leaf water contents (RLWC)”
t0“barley”
Claim · model-written summary
NaCl significantly increased barley Na+ concentration.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- NaCl stresse0
- Outcome
- Na+ concentratione0
- Direction
- increasinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Exposure to NaCl stress significantly reduced shoot and root growth and relative leaf water contents (RLWC), while increasing Na+ concentration”
t0“barley”
Claim · model-written summary
At 100 mM NaCl, B-9006 had the highest root dry weight, 0.39 g.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Material
- B-9006e0
- Treatment
- 100 mM NaCle0
- Outcome
- root dry weighte0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 0.39 ge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“B-9006 showing the highest root dry weight (0.39 g) and YSM1 recorded the lowest root dry weight (0.10 g) under 100 mM NaCl.”
t0“barley”
Claim · model-written summary
At 100 mM NaCl, YSM1 had the lowest root dry weight, 0.10 g.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Material
- YSM1e0
- Treatment
- 100 mM NaCle0
- Outcome
- root dry weighte0
- Direction
- loweste0
- Value
- 0.10 ge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“YSM1 recorded the lowest root dry weight (0.10 g) under 100 mM NaCl.”
t0“barley”
Claim · model-written summary
B-15011 had the maximum leaf-sap Na+ concentration of 232 ppm.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Material
- B-15011e0
- Outcome
- Na+ concentration in leaf sape0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 232 ppme0
- Qualifier
- 70 % from controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The maximum (232 ppm) Na+ concentration in leaf sap was observed in variety B-15011 (70 % from control) and minimum was observed in B-15018.”
t0“barley”
Claim · model-written summary
B-15018 had the minimum leaf-sap Na+ concentration.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Material
- B-15018e0
- Outcome
- minimume0
- Direction
- minimume0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“minimum was observed in B-15018.”
t0“barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Aia-03 had the maximum leaf-sap K+ concentration, 72 %.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Material
- Aia-03e0
- Outcome
- K+ mM concentration in leaf sape0
- Direction
- Maximume0
- Value
- 72 %e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maximum K+ mM concentration in leaf sap was found as 72 % in Aia-03 and minimum was observed as 50 % in B-15035.”
t0“barley”
Claim · model-written summary
B-15035 had the minimum leaf-sap K+ concentration, 50 %.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“minimum was observed as 50 % in B-15035.”
t0“barley”
Claim · model-written summary
At 200 mM NaCl, ZP2 had the highest shoot dry weight, 2.52 g, 73 % below control.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Material
- ZP2e0
- Treatment
- 200 mMe0
- Outcome
- shoot dry weighte0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 2.52 ge0
- Qualifier
- 73 % decreased from controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At stress level of 200 mM, highest shoot dry weight (2.52 g) was observed in ZP2 (73 % decreased from control)”
t0“barley”
Claim · model-written summary
At 200 mM NaCl, Franklin had the minimum shoot dry weight, 0.19 g, 96 % below control.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Material
- Frankline0
- Outcome
- shoot dry weighte0
- Direction
- minimume0
- Value
- 0.19 ge0
- Qualifier
- 96 % decrease from controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“minimum shoot dry weight (0.19 g) (96 % decrease from control) was recorded in Franklin genotype.”
t0“barley”
Claim · model-written summary
At 200 mM NaCl, B-9006 had the maximum root dry weight, 0.24 g.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maximum root dry weight (0.24 g) was observed in B-9006 genotype while minimum root dry weight (0.04 g) was recorded in Gairdner.”
t0“barley”
Claim · model-written summary
At 200 mM NaCl, Gairdner had the minimum root dry weight, 0.04 g.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Material
- Gairdnere0
- Outcome
- root dry weighte0
- Direction
- minimume0
- Value
- 0.04 ge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“minimum root dry weight (0.04 g) was recorded in Gairdner.”
t0“barley”
Claim · model-written summary
B-15018 had the maximum K+/Na+ ratio, 1.20.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maximum K+/Na+ ratio (1.20) was recorded in B-15018 and minimum (0.14) was seen in B-15035.”
t0“barley”
Claim · model-written summary
B-15035 had the minimum K+/Na+ ratio, 0.14.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“minimum (0.14) was seen in B-15035.”
t0“barley”
Claim · model-written summary
B-9006, B-15018, Yerong and Aia-03 were classified as salt tolerant.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Outcome
- salt-tolerant (B-9006, B-15018, Yerong, Aia-03)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“barley genotypes can be classified into salt-tolerant (B-9006, B-15018, Yerong, Aia-03)”
Claim · model-written summary
Gairdner, Franklin, B-15035 and B-05011 were classified as salt sensitive.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Outcome
- salt-sensitive (Gairdner, Franklin, B-15035, B-05011)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“salt-sensitive (Gairdner, Franklin, B-15035, B-05011)”
t0“barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Other genotypes were classified as moderately tolerant.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- 100 and 200 mM NaCle0
- Outcome
- moderately tolerant groupse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“and moderately tolerant groups at both 100 and 200 mM NaCl levels.”
t0“barley”
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