Abstract
Abstract In plant production, evaluation of salt stress protectants concerning their potential to improve growth and productivity under saline stress is critical. Bacillus subtilis (Bs) and cobalt (Co) have been proposed to optimize salt stress tolerance in coriander ( Coriandrum sativum L. cv. Balady) plants by influencing some physiological activities. The main aim of this work is to investigate the response of (Bs) and (Co) as eco-safe salt stress protectants to resist the effect of salinity, on growth, seed, and essential oil yield, and the most important biochemical constituents of coriander produced under salt stress condition. Therefore, in a split-plot factorial experiment design in the RCBD (randomized complete block design), four levels of salinity of NaCl irrigation water (SA) were assigned to the main plots; (0.5, 1.5, 4, and 6 dS m −1 ); and six salt stress protectants (SP) were randomly assigned to the subplots: distilled water; 15 ppm (Co1); 30 ppm (Co2); (Bs); (Co1 + Bs); (Co2 + Bs). The study concluded that increasing SA significantly reduced coriander growth and yield by 42.6%, which could be attributed to ion toxicity, oxidative stress, or decreased vital element content. From the results, we recommend that applying Bs with Co (30 ppm) was critical for significantly improving overall growth parameters. This was determined by the significant reduction in the activity of reactive oxygen species scavenging enzymes: superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and malondialdehyde (MDA) and non-enzyme: proline by 5, 11.3, 14.7, and 13.8% respectively, while increasing ascorbic acid by 8% and preserving vital nutrient levels and enhancing plant osmotic potential to buffer salt stress, seed yield per plant, and essential oil yield increased by 12.6 and 18.8% respectively. The quality of essential oil was indicated by highly significant quantities of vital biological phytochemicals such as linalool, camphor, and protein which increased by 10.3, 3.6, and 9.39% respectively. Additional research is suggested to determine the precise mechanism of action of Bs and Co's dual impact on medicinal and aromatic plant salt stress tolerance.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing saline irrigation reduced coriander growth and yield by 42.6%.
- Taxon
- coriander
Coriandrum sativume0 - Treatment
- increasing SAe0
- Outcome
- coriander growth and yielde0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 42.6%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increasing SA significantly reduced coriander growth and yield by 42.6%”
Claim · model-written summary
Bacillus with 30 ppm cobalt improved overall growth parameters.
- Taxon
- corianderCoriandrum sativumt0
- Material
- Baladyt0
- Treatment
- Bs with Co (30 ppm)e0
- Interactor
- Bacillus subtilis
Bacillus subtilise1symbiont - Outcome
- overall growth parameterse0
- Direction
- improvinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“applying Bs with Co (30 ppm) was critical for significantly improving overall growth parameters”
e1“Bacillus subtilis (Bs)”
t0“coriander (Coriandrum sativum L. cv. Balady)”
Claim · model-written summary
The combined treatment reduced superoxide dismutase activity by 5%.
- Taxon
- corianderCoriandrum sativumt0
- Treatment
- Bs with Co (30 ppm)e2
- Outcome
- superoxide dismutase (SOD)e0
- Direction
- reductione1
- Value
- 5e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and malondialdehyde (MDA) and non-enzyme: proline by 5, 11.3, 14.7, and 13.8% respectively”
e1“significant reduction in the activity of reactive oxygen species scavenging enzymes”
e2“applying Bs with Co (30 ppm)”
t0“coriander (Coriandrum sativum L. cv. Balady)”
Claim · model-written summary
The combined treatment reduced catalase activity by 11.3%.
- Taxon
- corianderCoriandrum sativumt0
- Treatment
- Bs with Co (30 ppm)e2
- Outcome
- catalase (CAT)e0
- Direction
- reductione1
- Value
- 11.3e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“catalase (CAT), and malondialdehyde (MDA) and non-enzyme: proline by 5, 11.3, 14.7, and 13.8% respectively”
e1“significant reduction in the activity of reactive oxygen species scavenging enzymes”
e2“applying Bs with Co (30 ppm)”
t0“coriander (Coriandrum sativum L. cv. Balady)”
Claim · model-written summary
The combined treatment reduced malondialdehyde by 14.7%.
- Taxon
- corianderCoriandrum sativumt0
- Treatment
- Bs with Co (30 ppm)e2
- Outcome
- malondialdehyde (MDA)e0
- Direction
- reductione1
- Value
- 14.7e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“malondialdehyde (MDA) and non-enzyme: proline by 5, 11.3, 14.7, and 13.8% respectively”
e1“significant reduction in the activity of reactive oxygen species scavenging enzymes”
e2“applying Bs with Co (30 ppm)”
t0“coriander (Coriandrum sativum L. cv. Balady)”
Claim · model-written summary
The combined treatment reduced proline by 13.8%.
- Taxon
- corianderCoriandrum sativumt0
- Treatment
- Bs with Co (30 ppm)e2
- Outcome
- prolinee0
- Direction
- reductione1
- Value
- 13.8%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“proline by 5, 11.3, 14.7, and 13.8% respectively”
e1“significant reduction in the activity of reactive oxygen species scavenging enzymes”
e2“applying Bs with Co (30 ppm)”
t0“coriander (Coriandrum sativum L. cv. Balady)”
Claim · model-written summary
The combined treatment increased ascorbic acid by 8%.
- Taxon
- corianderCoriandrum sativumt0
- Treatment
- Bs with Co (30 ppm)e1
- Outcome
- ascorbic acide0
- Direction
- increasinge0
- Value
- 8%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increasing ascorbic acid by 8%”
e1“applying Bs with Co (30 ppm)”
t0“coriander (Coriandrum sativum L. cv. Balady)”
Claim · model-written summary
The combined treatment preserved vital nutrient levels.
- Taxon
- corianderCoriandrum sativumt0
- Treatment
- Bs with Co (30 ppm)e1
- Outcome
- vital nutrient levelse0
- Direction
- preservinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“preserving vital nutrient levels”
e1“applying Bs with Co (30 ppm)”
t0“coriander (Coriandrum sativum L. cv. Balady)”
Claim · model-written summary
The combined treatment enhanced plant osmotic potential.
- Taxon
- corianderCoriandrum sativumt0
- Treatment
- Bs with Co (30 ppm)e1
- Outcome
- plant osmotic potentiale0
- Direction
- enhancinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“enhancing plant osmotic potential”
e1“applying Bs with Co (30 ppm)”
t0“coriander (Coriandrum sativum L. cv. Balady)”
Claim · model-written summary
The combined treatment increased seed yield per plant by 12.6%.
- Taxon
- corianderCoriandrum sativumt0
- Treatment
- Bs with Co (30 ppm)e1
- Outcome
- seed yield per plante0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 12.6e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“seed yield per plant, and essential oil yield increased by 12.6 and 18.8% respectively”
e1“applying Bs with Co (30 ppm)”
t0“coriander (Coriandrum sativum L. cv. Balady)”
Claim · model-written summary
The combined treatment increased essential oil yield by 18.8%.
- Taxon
- corianderCoriandrum sativumt0
- Treatment
- Bs with Co (30 ppm)e1
- Outcome
- essential oil yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 18.8%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“essential oil yield increased by 12.6 and 18.8% respectively”
e1“applying Bs with Co (30 ppm)”
t0“coriander (Coriandrum sativum L. cv. Balady)”
Claim · model-written summary
The combined treatment increased linalool by 10.3%.
- Taxon
- corianderCoriandrum sativumt0
- Treatment
- Bs with Co (30 ppm)e1
- Outcome
- linaloole0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 10.3e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“linalool, camphor, and protein which increased by 10.3, 3.6, and 9.39% respectively”
e1“applying Bs with Co (30 ppm)”
t0“coriander (Coriandrum sativum L. cv. Balady)”
Claim · model-written summary
The combined treatment increased camphor by 3.6%.
- Taxon
- corianderCoriandrum sativumt0
- Treatment
- Bs with Co (30 ppm)e1
- Outcome
- camphore0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 3.6e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“camphor, and protein which increased by 10.3, 3.6, and 9.39% respectively”
e1“applying Bs with Co (30 ppm)”
t0“coriander (Coriandrum sativum L. cv. Balady)”
Claim · model-written summary
The combined treatment increased protein by 9.39%.
- Taxon
- corianderCoriandrum sativumt0
- Treatment
- Bs with Co (30 ppm)e1
- Outcome
- proteine0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 9.39%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“protein which increased by 10.3, 3.6, and 9.39% respectively”
e1“applying Bs with Co (30 ppm)”
t0“coriander (Coriandrum sativum L. cv. Balady)”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend applying Bacillus with 30 ppm cobalt for coriander growth.
- Taxon
- corianderCoriandrum sativumt0
- Outcome
- applying Bs with Co (30 ppm)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“we recommend that applying Bs with Co (30 ppm) was critical for significantly improving overall growth parameters”
t0“coriander (Coriandrum sativum L. cv. Balady)”
The same questions in other papers
salicylic acid · yield · Coriandrum sativum (coriander)Positive and negative results
7 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
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4 papers more in this group
See all 8 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.