Abstract
Viral diseases of potatoes are among the main problems causing deterioration in the quality of tubers and loss of yield. The growth and development of potato plants largely depend on soil moisture. Prevention strategies require comprehensive protection against pathogens and abiotic stresses, including modeling the beneficial microbiome of agroecosystems combining microorganisms and immunostimulants. Chitosan and its derivatives have great potential for use in agricultural engineering due to their ability to induce plant immune responses. The effect of chitosan conjugate with caffeic acid (ChCA) in combination with Bacillus subtilis 47 on the transcriptional activity of PR protein genes and changes in the proteome of potato plants during potato virus Y (PVY) infection and drought was studied. The mechanisms of increasing the resistance of potato plants to PVY and lack of moisture are associated with the activation of transcription of genes encoding PR proteins: the main protective protein (PR-1), chitinase (PR-3), thaumatin-like protein (PR-5), protease inhibitor (PR-6), peroxidase (PR-9), and ribonuclease (PR-10), as well as qualitative and quantitative changes in the plant proteome. The revealed activation of the expression of marker genes of systemic acquired resistance and induced systemic resistance under the influence of combined treatment with B. subtilis and chitosan conjugate indicate that, in potato plants, the formation of resistance to viral infection in drought conditions proceeds synergistically. By two-dimensional electrophoresis of S. tuberosum leaf proteins followed by MALDI-TOF analysis, 10 proteins were identified, the content and composition of which differed depending on the experiment variant. In infected plants treated with ChCA, the synthesis of proteinaceous RNase P 1 and oxygen-evolving enhancer protein 2 was enhanced in conditions of normal humidity, and 20 kDa chaperonin and TMV resistance protein N-like was enhanced in conditions of lack of moisture. The virus coat proteins were detected, which intensively accumulated in the leaves of plants infected with potato Y-virus. ChCA treatment reduced the content of these proteins in the leaves, and in plants treated with ChCA in combination with Bacillus subtilis, viral proteins were not detected at all, both in conditions of normal humidity and lack of moisture, which suggests the promising use of chitosan derivatives in combination with B. subtilis bacteria in the regulation of plant resistance.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Increased resistance of potato plants to PVY and to lack of moisture is associated with activated transcription of genes encoding PR proteins.
- Taxon
- potato
Solanum tuberosume0 - Interactor
- PVY
Potato virus Ye0pathogen - Gene
- genes encoding PR proteinse0
- Outcome
- resistance of potato plants to PVY and lack of moisturee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The mechanisms of increasing the resistance of potato plants to PVY and lack of moisture are associated with the activation of transcription of genes encoding PR proteins”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined treatment with B. subtilis and chitosan conjugate activated expression of marker genes of systemic acquired resistance and induced systemic resistance in potato.
- Taxon
- Potato PlantsSolanum tuberosumt0
- Treatment
- combined treatment with B. subtilis and chitosan conjugatee0
- Outcome
- expression of marker genes of systemic acquired resistance and induced systemic resistancee0
- Direction
- activatione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The revealed activation of the expression of marker genes of systemic acquired resistance and induced systemic resistance under the influence of combined treatment with B. subtilis and chitosan conjugate”
t0“Potato Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
In potato plants, resistance to viral infection under drought is formed synergistically.
- Taxon
- potato plantsSolanum tuberosume0
- Outcome
- formation of resistance to viral infectione0
- Qualifier
- proceeds synergisticallye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in potato plants, the formation of resistance to viral infection in drought conditions proceeds synergistically”
Claim · model-written summary
Two-dimensional electrophoresis and MALDI-TOF identified 10 proteins in S. tuberosum leaves whose content and composition differed among experiment variants.
Verbatim
e0“By two-dimensional electrophoresis of S. tuberosum leaf proteins followed by MALDI-TOF analysis, 10 proteins were identified”
Claim · model-written summary
In PVY-infected potato plants treated with ChCA, synthesis of RNase P 1 and oxygen-evolving enhancer protein 2 was enhanced under normal humidity.
- Taxon
- Potato PlantsSolanum tuberosumt0
- Treatment
- ChCAe0
- Gene
- proteinaceous RNase P 1 and oxygen-evolving enhancer protein 2e0
- Outcome
- synthesise0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Qualifier
- conditions of normal humiditye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In infected plants treated with ChCA, the synthesis of proteinaceous RNase P 1 and oxygen-evolving enhancer protein 2 was enhanced in conditions of normal humidity”
t0“Potato Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
In PVY-infected potato plants treated with ChCA, synthesis of 20 kDa chaperonin and TMV resistance protein N-like was enhanced under lack of moisture.
- Taxon
- Potato PlantsSolanum tuberosumt0
- Treatment
- ChCAe0
- Gene
- 20 kDa chaperonin and TMV resistance protein N-likee0
- Outcome
- synthesise0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Qualifier
- conditions of lack of moisturee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In infected plants treated with ChCA, the synthesis of proteinaceous RNase P 1 and oxygen-evolving enhancer protein 2 was enhanced in conditions of normal humidity, and 20 kDa chaperonin and TMV resistance protein N-like was enhanced in conditions of lack of moisture”
t0“Potato Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Virus coat proteins were detected and accumulated intensively in leaves of potato plants infected with potato Y-virus.
Verbatim
e0“The virus coat proteins were detected, which intensively accumulated in the leaves of plants infected with potato Y-virus”
Claim · model-written summary
ChCA treatment reduced the content of viral coat proteins in leaves of infected potato plants.
- Taxon
- Potato PlantsSolanum tuberosumt0
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- ChCA treatmente0
- Outcome
- content of these proteinse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ChCA treatment reduced the content of these proteins in the leaves”
t0“Potato Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
In potato plants treated with ChCA plus Bacillus subtilis, viral proteins were not detected at all under both normal humidity and lack of moisture.
- Taxon
- Potato PlantsSolanum tuberosumt0
- Treatment
- ChCA in combination with Bacillus subtilise0
- Interactor
- Bacillus subtilis
Bacillus subtilise0biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- viral proteinse0
- Direction
- not detected at alle0
- Qualifier
- both in conditions of normal humidity and lack of moisturee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in plants treated with ChCA in combination with Bacillus subtilis, viral proteins were not detected at all, both in conditions of normal humidity and lack of moisture”
t0“Potato Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest chitosan derivatives combined with B. subtilis are promising for regulating plant resistance.
- Taxon
- Potato PlantsSolanum tuberosumt0
- Treatment
- chitosan derivatives in combination with B. subtilis bacteriae0
- Outcome
- regulation of plant resistancee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“which suggests the promising use of chitosan derivatives in combination with B. subtilis bacteria in the regulation of plant resistance”
t0“Potato Plants”
The same questions in other papers
chitosan · molecular: expression · Solanum tuberosum (potato)Results agree
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- positive
caffeic acid · molecular: metabolites · Solanum tuberosum (potato)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Bacillus subtilis · molecular: expression · Solanum tuberosum (potato)Results agree
7 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
4 papers more in this group
See all 8 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.