Abstract
Abstract The use of repellents for nematode control has not been established. Leaf extracts of Myrtus communis , an evergreen shrub with wide distribution in the Mediterranean and some other regions, were tested for repellence of second‐stage juveniles (J2s) of Meloidogyne species. Extracts obtained with several solvents and water repelled M . javanica J2s on agar plates, with the 60% methanol extract showing the highest repellent activity. M . hapla J2s were also repelled by the aqueous and 60% methanol extracts. Adding the 60% methanol extract to fluopyram, a chemical J2 attractant, reduced and abolished, respectively, the attraction of M . javanica and M . hapla J2s to it. When the methanolic extract was added near lettuce seedling roots on an agar plate, the number of M . javanica , M . incognita and M . hapla J2s attracted to the root tips was reduced by 70.0%–98.2%, infection rates decreased by 50.1%–95.8% and root length increased by 61.8%–186.7% compared to control seedlings grown on the same plates. When the methanol extract was mixed into the agar plate, the three Meloidogyne species' attraction to and infection of lettuce seedlings was reduced by up to 75.4% and 100%, respectively, and root length increased up to 3.4‐fold. The acetone extract mixed into the agar reduced the attraction of M . javanica J2s to fluopyram but did not affect their repellence by KNO 3 . The results suggest that M . communis leaf extracts have repellent and infection‐inhibitory activity against Meloidogyne J2, offering potential control means for Meloidogyne species.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Several solvent and water extracts repelled M. javanica juveniles; the 60% methanol extract had the highest activity.
- Taxon
- Myrtus communis
_in_Athens_on_July_4%2C_2023.jpg?width=60)
Myrtus communist0 - Treatment
- 60% methanol extracte0
- Interactor
- M . javanicaMeloidogyne javanicae0pest
- Outcome
- M . javanica J2se0
- Direction
- repellede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_in_Athens_on_July_4%2C_2023.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Extracts obtained with several solvents and water repelled M . javanica J2s on agar plates, with the 60% methanol extract showing the highest repellent activity”
t0“Myrtus communis leaf extracts”
Claim · model-written summary
Aqueous and 60% methanol extracts repelled M. hapla juveniles.
- Taxon
- Myrtus communisMyrtus communist0
- Treatment
- aqueous and 60% methanol extractse0
- Interactor
- M . hapla
Meloidogyne haplae0pest - Outcome
- M . hapla J2se0
- Direction
- repellede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“M . hapla J2s were also repelled by the aqueous and 60% methanol extracts”
t0“Myrtus communis leaf extracts”
Claim · model-written summary
Methanol extract reduced attraction of M. javanica juveniles to fluopyram.
- Taxon
- Myrtus communisMyrtus communist0
- Treatment
- 60% methanol extracte0
- Interactor
- M . javanicaMeloidogyne javanicae0pest
- Outcome
- attraction of M . javanicae0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- fluopyrame0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Adding the 60% methanol extract to fluopyram, a chemical J2 attractant, reduced and abolished, respectively, the attraction of M . javanica and M . hapla J2s to it”
t0“Myrtus communis leaf extracts”
Claim · model-written summary
Methanol extract abolished attraction of M. hapla juveniles to fluopyram.
- Taxon
- Myrtus communisMyrtus communist0
- Treatment
- 60% methanol extracte0
- Interactor
- M . haplaMeloidogyne haplae0pest
- Outcome
- M . hapla J2se0
- Direction
- abolishede0
- Comparator
- fluopyrame0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Adding the 60% methanol extract to fluopyram, a chemical J2 attractant, reduced and abolished, respectively, the attraction of M . javanica and M . hapla J2s to it”
t0“Myrtus communis leaf extracts”
Claim · model-written summary
Methanol extract near lettuce roots reduced juvenile attraction to root tips by 70.0%–98.2%.
- Taxon
- lettuce
Lactuca sativae0 - Treatment
- methanolic extracte0
- Interactor
- M . javanicaMeloidogyne javanicae0pest
- Second interactor
- M . incognita
_penetrates_a_tomato_root_-_USDA-ARS.jpg?width=60)
Meloidogyne incognitae0pest - Outcome
- number of M . javanica , M . incognita and M . hapla J2s attracted to the root tipse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 70.0%–98.2%e0
- Qualifier
- M . haplae0
- Comparator
- control seedlingse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_penetrates_a_tomato_root_-_USDA-ARS.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“When the methanolic extract was added near lettuce seedling roots on an agar plate, the number of M . javanica , M . incognita and M . hapla J2s attracted to the root tips was reduced by 70.0%–98.2%, infection rates decreased by 50.1%–95.8% and root length increased by 61.8%–186.7% compared to control seedlings grown on the same plates”
Claim · model-written summary
Methanol extract near lettuce roots decreased nematode infection rates by 50.1%–95.8%.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativae0
- Treatment
- methanolic extracte0
- Interactor
- M . javanicaMeloidogyne javanicae0pest
- Second interactor
- M . incognitaMeloidogyne incognitae0pest
- Outcome
- infection ratese0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 50.1%–95.8%e0
- Qualifier
- M . haplae0
- Comparator
- control seedlingse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When the methanolic extract was added near lettuce seedling roots on an agar plate, the number of M . javanica , M . incognita and M . hapla J2s attracted to the root tips was reduced by 70.0%–98.2%, infection rates decreased by 50.1%–95.8% and root length increased by 61.8%–186.7% compared to control seedlings grown on the same plates”
Claim · model-written summary
Methanol extract near lettuce roots increased root length by 61.8%–186.7%.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativae0
- Treatment
- methanolic extracte0
- Outcome
- root lengthe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 61.8%–186.7%e0
- Comparator
- control seedlingse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When the methanolic extract was added near lettuce seedling roots on an agar plate, the number of M . javanica , M . incognita and M . hapla J2s attracted to the root tips was reduced by 70.0%–98.2%, infection rates decreased by 50.1%–95.8% and root length increased by 61.8%–186.7% compared to control seedlings grown on the same plates”
Claim · model-written summary
Methanol extract mixed into agar reduced attraction of three Meloidogyne species to lettuce seedlings by up to 75.4%.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativae0
- Treatment
- methanol extracte0
- Interactor
- MeloidogyneMeloidogynee0pest
- Outcome
- three Meloidogyne species’ attraction toe0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- up to 75.4%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When the methanol extract was mixed into the agar plate, the three Meloidogyne species’ attraction to and infection of lettuce seedlings was reduced by up to 75.4% and 100%, respectively, and root length increased up to 3.4‐fold”
Claim · model-written summary
Methanol extract mixed into agar reduced infection of lettuce seedlings by up to 100%.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativae0
- Treatment
- methanol extracte0
- Interactor
- MeloidogyneMeloidogynee0pest
- Outcome
- infection of lettuce seedlingse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 100%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When the methanol extract was mixed into the agar plate, the three Meloidogyne species’ attraction to and infection of lettuce seedlings was reduced by up to 75.4% and 100%, respectively, and root length increased up to 3.4‐fold”
Claim · model-written summary
Methanol extract mixed into agar increased lettuce root length up to 3.4-fold.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativae0
- Treatment
- methanol extracte0
- Outcome
- root lengthe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- up to 3.4‐folde0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When the methanol extract was mixed into the agar plate, the three Meloidogyne species’ attraction to and infection of lettuce seedlings was reduced by up to 75.4% and 100%, respectively, and root length increased up to 3.4‐fold”
Claim · model-written summary
Acetone extract reduced M. javanica attraction to fluopyram.
- Taxon
- Myrtus communisMyrtus communist0
- Treatment
- acetone extracte0
- Interactor
- M . javanicaMeloidogyne javanicae0pest
- Outcome
- attraction of M . javanica J2se0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- fluopyrame0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The acetone extract mixed into the agar reduced the attraction of M . javanica J2s to fluopyram but did not affect their repellence by KNO 3”
t0“Myrtus communis leaf extracts”
Claim · model-written summary
Acetone extract did not affect M. javanica repellence by KNO 3.
- Taxon
- Myrtus communisMyrtus communist0
- Treatment
- acetone extracte0
- Interactor
- M . javanicaMeloidogyne javanicae0pest
- Outcome
- repellencee0
- Direction
- did not affecte0
- Comparator
- KNO 3e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The acetone extract mixed into the agar reduced the attraction of M . javanica J2s to fluopyram but did not affect their repellence by KNO 3”
t0“Myrtus communis leaf extracts”
The same questions in other papers
botanical · growth · Lactuca sativa (garden lettuce)Positive and negative results
113 papers in the same direction as this paper · 157 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- negative
267 papers more in this group
See all 271 papers →botanical · Meloidogyne javanica · Myrtus communisResults agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
botanical · Meloidogyne javanica · Lactuca sativa (garden lettuce)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.