Abstract
Macroalgae contain macro- and microelements, vitamins, amino acids, and phytohormones. These compounds contribute to the development of plants, making macroalgae highly promising as a biofertilizer for different crops. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of three local macroalgae available along the Mediterranean coast, Egypt, two of which are green algae (Ulva flexusoa and Enteromorpha intestinalis), and one of red algae (Griffithsia teges), on nutrition status and fruit quality of "Valencia" orange (Citrus sinensis, Osbeck). Aqueous extracts of the three macroalgae were prepared at 0 (control), 5, 10, and 15% concentrations and applied three times as a foliar application throughout the growing period. Results revealed that the macroalgae under investigation contain significant levels of various phytohormones, such as IAA, GA3 ABA, and CK; green algae contain the highest concentrations of GA3, whereas cytokine was observed only in G. tege. Macroalgae possess various amounts of essential macro- and microelements, containing Na > Ca >Mg >Mn in addition to Zn, CU, Fe, K, and P. Applying macroalgae extracts significantly affected the mineral composition of orange leaves and the chlorophyll content (presented as SPAD values). Green algae notably impacted fruit quality characteristics, including weight, length and width, juice volume, TSS, and peel color. However, no significant effect was detected on peel thickness or titratable acidity. We concluded that macroalgae extracts could be utilized as an eco-friendly biofertilizer, providing an alternative source for required nutrients in citrus and other fruit orchards.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
The macroalgae contained phytohormones including IAA, GA3, ABA and CK.
Verbatim
e0“macroalgae under investigation contain significant levels of various phytohormones, such as IAA, GA3 ABA, and CK”
e1“"Valencia" orange”
Claim · model-written summary
Green algae had the highest GA3 concentrations.
Verbatim
e0“green algae contain the highest concentrations of GA3”
e1“"Valencia" orange”
Claim · model-written summary
Cytokine was observed only in G. tege.
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“cytokine was observed only in G. tege”
e1“"Valencia" orange”
Claim · model-written summary
The macroalgae contained essential macro and microelements, with Na above Ca, Mg and Mn.
Verbatim
e0“Macroalgae possess various amounts of essential macro- and microelements, containing Na > Ca >Mg >Mn in addition to Zn, CU, Fe, K, and P.”
e1“"Valencia" orange”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar macroalgae extracts significantly affected orange leaf mineral composition.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“Applying macroalgae extracts significantly affected the mineral composition of orange leaves and the chlorophyll content (presented as SPAD values).”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar macroalgae extracts significantly affected orange leaf chlorophyll content.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“Applying macroalgae extracts significantly affected the mineral composition of orange leaves and the chlorophyll content (presented as SPAD values).”
Claim · model-written summary
Green algae affected orange fruit weight, length and width.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“Green algae notably impacted fruit quality characteristics, including weight, length and width, juice volume, TSS, and peel color.”
e1“orange leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Green algae affected orange juice volume, TSS and peel color.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“Green algae notably impacted fruit quality characteristics, including weight, length and width, juice volume, TSS, and peel color.”
e1“orange leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
The extracts had no statistically significant effect on peel thickness.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“no significant effect was detected on peel thickness or titratable acidity”
e1“"Valencia" orange”
e2“Applying macroalgae extracts significantly affected”
Claim · model-written summary
The extracts had no statistically significant effect on titratable acidity.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“no significant effect was detected on peel thickness or titratable acidity”
e1“"Valencia" orange”
e2“Applying macroalgae extracts significantly affected”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors proposed macroalgae extracts as an eco friendly orchard biofertilizer.
- Outcome
- eco-friendly biofertilizere0
CitrusOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“macroalgae extracts could be utilized as an eco-friendly biofertilizer, providing an alternative source for required nutrients in citrus and other fruit orchards”
The same questions in other papers
botanical · quality: sugar starch · Citrus sinensis (sweet orange)Positive and negative results
11 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
8 papers more in this group
See all 12 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.