Abstract
Brassinosteroid (BR), a plant hormone regulating growth, development, and stress responses, emerges as a promising tool for maintaining agricultural production under abiotic stress conditions. In this study, we conducted RNA-seq profiling and morpho-physiological analysis to investigate the molecular cross-talk involved in 24-epibrassinolide (EBR) mediating alleviation of chromium (Cr) stress. EBR inhibited Cr accumulation and reversed Cr-induced phytotoxicity, thereby promoting plant growth. The photosynthetic pigments, chlorophyll fluorescence a, electron transport rate (ETR) and non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) were significantly higher in EBR+Cr treated plants compared to Cr alone. EBR application facilitated the recovery from Cr-induced structural deformities, including the disintegration of cell walls and membranes. Furthermore, under Cr stress, EBR application reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and accumulation. The levels of glutathione reductase (GR) and the activities of antioxidant enzymes were notably higher in plants subjected to EBR application following Cr stress. In addition, we established a transcriptomic database comprising 2345 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) (1255 upregulated and 1090 downregulated) as a result of EBR application under Cr stress. The transcriptome analysis unveiled key DEGs and the associated pathways, emphasizing the importance of defense responses, genes encoding photosystem I and II, jasmonate signaling, aquaporins, ABC transporters, and cell wall biogenesis-related genes in the response of EBR to Cr stress.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
EBR inhibited Cr accumulation under chromium stress.
- Taxon
- Brassica napus
_Brassica_napus_-_Habit.jpg?width=60)
Brassica napust0 - Treatment
- EBRe0
- Outcome
- Cr accumulatione0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_Brassica_napus_-_Habit.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“EBR inhibited Cr accumulation and reversed Cr-induced phytotoxicity”
t0“Brassica napus”
Claim · model-written summary
EBR reversed chromium-induced phytotoxicity.
- Taxon
- Brassica napusBrassica napust0
- Treatment
- EBRe0
- Outcome
- Cr-induced phytotoxicitye0
- Direction
- reversede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“EBR inhibited Cr accumulation and reversed Cr-induced phytotoxicity”
t0“Brassica napus”
Claim · model-written summary
EBR promoted plant growth under chromium stress.
- Taxon
- Brassica napusBrassica napust0
- Treatment
- EBRe0
- Outcome
- plant growthe0
- Direction
- promotinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“EBR inhibited Cr accumulation and reversed Cr-induced phytotoxicity, thereby promoting plant growth”
t0“Brassica napus”
Claim · model-written summary
Photosynthetic pigments were significantly higher with EBR plus Cr than Cr alone.
- Taxon
- Brassica napusBrassica napust0
- Treatment
- EBR+Cre0
- Outcome
- photosynthetic pigmentse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- Cr alonee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The photosynthetic pigments, chlorophyll fluorescence a, electron transport rate (ETR) and non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) were significantly higher in EBR+Cr treated plants compared to Cr alone”
t0“Brassica napus”
Claim · model-written summary
Chlorophyll fluorescence a was significantly higher with EBR plus Cr than Cr alone.
- Taxon
- Brassica napusBrassica napust0
- Treatment
- EBR+Cre0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll fluorescence ae0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- Cr alonee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The photosynthetic pigments, chlorophyll fluorescence a, electron transport rate (ETR) and non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) were significantly higher in EBR+Cr treated plants compared to Cr alone”
t0“Brassica napus”
Claim · model-written summary
Electron transport rate was significantly higher with EBR plus Cr than Cr alone.
- Taxon
- Brassica napusBrassica napust0
- Treatment
- EBR+Cre0
- Outcome
- electron transport rate (ETR)e0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- Cr alonee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The photosynthetic pigments, chlorophyll fluorescence a, electron transport rate (ETR) and non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) were significantly higher in EBR+Cr treated plants compared to Cr alone”
t0“Brassica napus”
Claim · model-written summary
Non-photochemical quenching was significantly higher with EBR plus Cr than Cr alone.
- Taxon
- Brassica napusBrassica napust0
- Treatment
- EBR+Cre0
- Outcome
- non-photochemical quenching (NPQ)e0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- Cr alonee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The photosynthetic pigments, chlorophyll fluorescence a, electron transport rate (ETR) and non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) were significantly higher in EBR+Cr treated plants compared to Cr alone”
t0“Brassica napus”
Claim · model-written summary
EBR facilitated recovery from chromium-induced cell-wall and membrane deformities.
- Taxon
- Brassica napusBrassica napust0
- Organ / stage
- cell walls and membranese0
- Treatment
- EBR applicatione0
- Outcome
- Cr-induced structural deformitiese0
- Direction
- recoverye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“EBR application facilitated the recovery from Cr-induced structural deformities, including the disintegration of cell walls and membranes”
t0“Brassica napus”
Claim · model-written summary
EBR reduced malondialdehyde under chromium stress.
- Taxon
- Brassica napusBrassica napust0
- Treatment
- EBR applicatione0
- Outcome
- malondialdehyde (MDA)e0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- under Cr stresse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“under Cr stress, EBR application reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and accumulation”
t0“Brassica napus”
Claim · model-written summary
EBR reduced ROS production and accumulation under chromium stress.
- Taxon
- Brassica napusBrassica napust0
- Treatment
- EBR applicatione0
- Outcome
- reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and accumulatione0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- under Cr stresse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“under Cr stress, EBR application reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and accumulation”
t0“Brassica napus”
Claim · model-written summary
Glutathione reductase levels were notably higher after EBR application under chromium stress.
- Taxon
- Brassica napusBrassica napust0
- Treatment
- EBR applicatione0
- Gene
- glutathione reductase (GR)e0
- Outcome
- levels of glutathione reductase (GR)e0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The levels of glutathione reductase (GR) and the activities of antioxidant enzymes were notably higher in plants subjected to EBR application following Cr stress”
t0“Brassica napus”
Claim · model-written summary
Antioxidant enzyme activities were notably higher after EBR application under chromium stress.
- Taxon
- Brassica napusBrassica napust0
- Treatment
- EBR applicatione0
- Outcome
- activities of antioxidant enzymese0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The levels of glutathione reductase (GR) and the activities of antioxidant enzymes were notably higher in plants subjected to EBR application following Cr stress”
t0“Brassica napus”
Claim · model-written summary
EBR under Cr stress yielded 2345 DEGs, including 1255 upregulated genes.
- Taxon
- Brassica napusBrassica napust0
- Treatment
- EBR application under Cr stresse0
- Outcome
- differentially expressed genes (DEGs)e0
- Value
- 2345e0
- Qualifier
- 1255 upregulated and 1090 downregulatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“we established a transcriptomic database comprising 2345 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) (1255 upregulated and 1090 downregulated) as a result of EBR application under Cr stress”
t0“Brassica napus”
Claim · model-written summary
Transcriptome analysis identified defense, photosystem, jasmonate, aquaporin, ABC transporter and cell-wall pathways in the EBR response to Cr stress.
- Taxon
- Brassica napusBrassica napust0
- Gene
- genes encoding photosystem I and IIe0
- Outcome
- key DEGs and the associated pathwayse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The transcriptome analysis unveiled key DEGs and the associated pathways, emphasizing the importance of defense responses, genes encoding photosystem I and II, jasmonate signaling, aquaporins, ABC transporters, and cell wall biogenesis-related genes in the response of EBR to Cr stress”
t0“Brassica napus”
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