Abstract
Rhizoctonia root rot of eggplant, caused by Rhizoctonia solani, is an economically important disease. Niallia circulans YRNF1 and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) were assessed for their biocontrol and biofertilizing effects against R. solani, as potential replacements for synthetic fungicides and fertilizers. The diazotrophic N. circulans YRNF1, isolated from soil, reduced in vitro growth of R. solani by 42%. GC-MS analysis of culture filtrate of N. circulans YRNF1 detected bioactive compounds, including butyric acid (85%) and ethylene glycol (8%). In greenhouse experiments, combined application of N. circulans YRNF1 and AMF reduced the severity of eggplant root rot by 26%. This combined treatment triggered the transcriptional expression of five resistance genes (JERF3, PAL1, C3H, CHI2, and HQT) in the treated eggplants. Biochemical analyses of the infected eggplant roots treated with the combined bio-inoculants showed enhancement of the phenol content (+188%), and increased antioxidant enzyme activity, mainly of POD (+104%) and PPO (+72%). Combined application of N. circulans YRNF1 and AMF also promoted eggplant growth and improved the total NPK concentrations in treated plant leaves. Inoculation of eggplant with N. circulans YRNF1 in the presence of AMR increased the mycorrhization level. This is the first report of N. circulans and AMF as potential agents for biological control of Rhizoctonia root rot and growth promotion of eggplant.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Niallia circulans YRNF1 reduced in vitro growth of Rhizoctonia solani by 42%.
- Taxon
- eggplant
Solanum melongenae0 - Treatment
- N. circulans YRNF1e1
- Interactor
- R. solani
Rhizoctonia solanie1pathogen - Second interactor
- N. circulans YRNF1Niallia circulanse1biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- in vitro growth of R. solanie1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Value
- 42%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rhizoctonia root rot of eggplant, caused by Rhizoctonia solani”
e1“The diazotrophic N. circulans YRNF1, isolated from soil, reduced in vitro growth of R. solani by 42%”
Claim · model-written summary
Culture filtrate of Niallia circulans YRNF1 contained butyric acid at 85%.
- Taxon
- eggplantSolanum melongenae0
- Material
- N. circulans YRNF1e2
- Compound
- butyric acide2
- Outcome
- bioactive compoundse2
- Value
- 85%e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rhizoctonia root rot of eggplant, caused by Rhizoctonia solani”
e2“GC-MS analysis of culture filtrate of N. circulans YRNF1 detected bioactive compounds, including butyric acid (85%) and ethylene glycol (8%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Culture filtrate of Niallia circulans YRNF1 contained ethylene glycol at 8%.
- Taxon
- eggplantSolanum melongenae0
- Material
- N. circulans YRNF1e2
- Compound
- ethylene glycole2
- Outcome
- bioactive compoundse2
- Value
- 8%e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rhizoctonia root rot of eggplant, caused by Rhizoctonia solani”
e2“GC-MS analysis of culture filtrate of N. circulans YRNF1 detected bioactive compounds, including butyric acid (85%) and ethylene glycol (8%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined application of N. circulans YRNF1 and AMF reduced eggplant root rot severity by 26% in the greenhouse.
- Taxon
- eggplantSolanum melongenae0
- Treatment
- combined application of N. circulans YRNF1 and AMFe3
- Interactor
- AMFe3symbiont
- Outcome
- severity of eggplant root rote3
- Direction
- reducede3
- Value
- 26%e3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rhizoctonia root rot of eggplant, caused by Rhizoctonia solani”
e3“combined application of N. circulans YRNF1 and AMF reduced the severity of eggplant root rot by 26%”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined N. circulans YRNF1 and AMF treatment triggered expression of the resistance genes JERF3, PAL1 and C3H in eggplant.
- Taxon
- eggplantSolanum melongenae0
- Organ / stage
- treated eggplantse4
- Treatment
- This combined treatmente4
- Gene
- JERF3, PAL1, C3He4
- Outcome
- transcriptional expressione4
- Direction
- triggerede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rhizoctonia root rot of eggplant, caused by Rhizoctonia solani”
e4“This combined treatment triggered the transcriptional expression of five resistance genes (JERF3, PAL1, C3H, CHI2, and HQT) in the treated eggplants”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined N. circulans YRNF1 and AMF treatment triggered expression of the resistance genes CHI2 and HQT in eggplant.
- Taxon
- eggplantSolanum melongenae0
- Organ / stage
- treated eggplantse4
- Treatment
- This combined treatmente4
- Gene
- CHI2, and HQTe4
- Outcome
- transcriptional expressione4
- Direction
- triggerede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rhizoctonia root rot of eggplant, caused by Rhizoctonia solani”
e4“This combined treatment triggered the transcriptional expression of five resistance genes (JERF3, PAL1, C3H, CHI2, and HQT) in the treated eggplants”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined treatment increased phenol content in infected eggplant roots by 188%.
- Taxon
- eggplantSolanum melongenae0
- Organ / stage
- infected eggplant rootse5
- Treatment
- combined bio-inoculantse5
- Interactor
- Rhizoctonia solaniRhizoctonia solanie0pathogen
- Outcome
- phenol contente5
- Direction
- enhancemente5
- Value
- +188%e5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rhizoctonia root rot of eggplant, caused by Rhizoctonia solani”
e5“Biochemical analyses of the infected eggplant roots treated with the combined bio-inoculants showed enhancement of the phenol content (+188%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined treatment increased POD antioxidant enzyme activity in infected eggplant roots by 104%.
- Taxon
- eggplantSolanum melongenae0
- Treatment
- combined bio-inoculantse5
- Gene
- PODe6
- Outcome
- antioxidant enzyme activity, mainly of PODe6
- Direction
- increasede6
- Value
- +104%e6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rhizoctonia root rot of eggplant, caused by Rhizoctonia solani”
e6“increased antioxidant enzyme activity, mainly of POD (+104%) and PPO (+72%)”
e5“Biochemical analyses of the infected eggplant roots treated with the combined bio-inoculants”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined treatment increased PPO antioxidant enzyme activity in infected eggplant roots by 72%.
- Taxon
- eggplantSolanum melongenae0
- Treatment
- combined bio-inoculantse5
- Gene
- PPOe6
- Outcome
- antioxidant enzyme activity, mainly of PODe6
- Direction
- increasede6
- Value
- +72%e6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rhizoctonia root rot of eggplant, caused by Rhizoctonia solani”
e6“increased antioxidant enzyme activity, mainly of POD (+104%) and PPO (+72%)”
e5“Biochemical analyses of the infected eggplant roots treated with the combined bio-inoculants”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined N. circulans YRNF1 and AMF improved total NPK concentrations in eggplant leaves.
- Taxon
- eggplantSolanum melongenae0
- Organ / stage
- leavese7
- Treatment
- Combined application of N. circulans YRNF1 and AMFe7
- Outcome
- total NPK concentrationse7
- Direction
- improvede7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rhizoctonia root rot of eggplant, caused by Rhizoctonia solani”
e7“Combined application of N. circulans YRNF1 and AMF also promoted eggplant growth and improved the total NPK concentrations in treated plant leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation of eggplant with N. circulans YRNF1 in the presence of AMR increased the mycorrhization level.
- Taxon
- eggplantSolanum melongenae0
- Treatment
- Inoculation of eggplant with N. circulans YRNF1 in the presence of AMRe7
- Interactor
- AMRe7symbiont
- Outcome
- mycorrhization levele7
- Direction
- increasede7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rhizoctonia root rot of eggplant, caused by Rhizoctonia solani”
e7“Inoculation of eggplant with N. circulans YRNF1 in the presence of AMR increased the mycorrhization level”
The same questions in other papers
mycorrhiza · disease · Solanum melongena (eggplant)Results agree
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