Abstract
Tomatoes are frequently challenged by various pathogens, among which Phytophthora capsici (P. capsici) is a destructive soil-borne pathogen that seriously threatens the safe production of tomatoes. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) positively induced plant resistance against multiple pathogens. However, little is known about the role and regulatory mechanism of PGPR in tomato resistance to P. capsici. Here, we identified a new strain Serratia plymuthica (S. plymuthica), HK9-3, which has a significant antibacterial effect on P. capsici infection. Meanwhile, stable colonization in roots by HK9-3, even under P. capsici infection, improved tomato growth parameters, root system architecture, photosynthetic capacity, and boosted biomass. Importantly, HK9-3 colonization significantly alleviated the damage caused by P. capsici infection through enhancing ROS scavenger ability and inducing antioxidant defense system and pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins in leaves, as evidenced by elevating the activities of peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), and chitinase, β-1,3-glucanase, and increasing the transcripts of POD, SOD, CAT, APX1, PAL1, PAL2, PAL5, PPO2, CHI17 and β-1,3-glucanase genes. Notably, HK9-3 colonization not only effectively improved soil microecology and soil fertility, but also significantly enhanced fruit yield by 44.6% and improved quality. Our study presents HK9-3 as a promising and effective solution for controlling P. capsici infection in tomato cultivation while simultaneously promoting plant growth and increasing yield, which may have implications for P. capsici control in vegetable production.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Serratia plymuthica HK9-3 had a significant antibacterial effect on Phytophthora capsici infection.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Interactor
- P. capsici
.jpg?width=60)
Phytophthora capsicie1pathogen - Second interactor
- Serratia plymuthica
Serratia plymuthicae1biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- antibacterial effect on P. capsici infectione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“enhances tomato resistance against Phytophthora capsici”
e1“Here, we identified a new strain Serratia plymuthica (S. plymuthica), HK9-3, which has a significant antibacterial effect on P. capsici infection”
Claim · model-written summary
Stable root colonization by HK9-3 improved tomato growth parameters, root system architecture and photosynthetic capacity, even under P. capsici infection.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- stable colonization in roots by HK9-3e2
- Interactor
- HK9-3e2biocontrol_agent
- Second interactor
- P. capsiciPhytophthora capsicie2pathogen
- Outcome
- growth parameters, root system architecture, photosynthetic capacitye2
- Direction
- improvede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“enhances tomato resistance against Phytophthora capsici”
e2“stable colonization in roots by HK9-3, even under P. capsici infection, improved tomato growth parameters, root system architecture, photosynthetic capacity, and boosted biomass”
Claim · model-written summary
Stable root colonization by HK9-3 boosted tomato biomass.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- stable colonization in roots by HK9-3e2
- Outcome
- biomasse2
- Direction
- boostede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“enhances tomato resistance against Phytophthora capsici”
e2“stable colonization in roots by HK9-3, even under P. capsici infection, improved tomato growth parameters, root system architecture, photosynthetic capacity, and boosted biomass”
Claim · model-written summary
HK9-3 colonization significantly alleviated the damage caused by P. capsici infection in tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- HK9-3 colonizatione3
- Interactor
- P. capsiciPhytophthora capsicie3pathogen
- Outcome
- damage caused by P. capsici infectione3
- Direction
- alleviatede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“enhances tomato resistance against Phytophthora capsici”
e3“HK9-3 colonization significantly alleviated the damage caused by P. capsici infection through enhancing ROS scavenger ability and inducing antioxidant defense system and pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins in leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
HK9-3 colonization is asserted to alleviate P. capsici damage by enhancing ROS scavenging and inducing antioxidant defence and PR proteins.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- damage caused by P. capsici infectione3
- Qualifier
- enhancing ROS scavenger ability and inducing antioxidant defense systeme3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“enhances tomato resistance against Phytophthora capsici”
e3“HK9-3 colonization significantly alleviated the damage caused by P. capsici infection through enhancing ROS scavenger ability and inducing antioxidant defense system and pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins in leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
HK9-3 colonization elevated the activities of POD, SOD and CAT in tomato leaves.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Organ / stage
- leavese3
- Treatment
- HK9-3 colonizatione3
- Outcome
- activities of peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT)e4
- Direction
- elevatinge4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“enhances tomato resistance against Phytophthora capsici”
e3“HK9-3 colonization significantly alleviated the damage caused by P. capsici infection through enhancing ROS scavenger ability and inducing antioxidant defense system and pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins in leaves”
e4“as evidenced by elevating the activities of peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), and chitinase, β-1,3-glucanase”
Claim · model-written summary
HK9-3 colonization elevated the activities of APX, PAL and PPO in tomato leaves.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Organ / stage
- leavese3
- Treatment
- HK9-3 colonizatione3
- Outcome
- ascorbate peroxidase (APX), phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), polyphenol oxidase (PPO)e4
- Direction
- elevatinge4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“enhances tomato resistance against Phytophthora capsici”
e3“HK9-3 colonization significantly alleviated the damage caused by P. capsici infection through enhancing ROS scavenger ability and inducing antioxidant defense system and pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins in leaves”
e4“as evidenced by elevating the activities of peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), and chitinase, β-1,3-glucanase”
Claim · model-written summary
HK9-3 colonization elevated chitinase and β-1,3-glucanase activities in tomato leaves.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Organ / stage
- leavese3
- Treatment
- HK9-3 colonizatione3
- Outcome
- chitinase, β-1,3-glucanasee4
- Direction
- elevatinge4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“enhances tomato resistance against Phytophthora capsici”
e3“HK9-3 colonization significantly alleviated the damage caused by P. capsici infection through enhancing ROS scavenger ability and inducing antioxidant defense system and pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins in leaves”
e4“as evidenced by elevating the activities of peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), and chitinase, β-1,3-glucanase”
Claim · model-written summary
HK9-3 colonization increased transcripts of antioxidant and defence genes in tomato leaves.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Organ / stage
- leavese3
- Treatment
- HK9-3 colonizatione3
- Gene
- APX1, PAL1, PAL2, PAL5, PPO2, CHI17e5
- Outcome
- transcripts of POD, SOD, CAT, APX1, PAL1, PAL2, PAL5, PPO2, CHI17 and β-1,3-glucanase genese5
- Direction
- increasinge5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“enhances tomato resistance against Phytophthora capsici”
e3“HK9-3 colonization significantly alleviated the damage caused by P. capsici infection through enhancing ROS scavenger ability and inducing antioxidant defense system and pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins in leaves”
e5“increasing the transcripts of POD, SOD, CAT, APX1, PAL1, PAL2, PAL5, PPO2, CHI17 and β-1,3-glucanase genes”
Claim · model-written summary
HK9-3 colonization enhanced tomato fruit yield by 44.6%.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- HK9-3 colonizatione6
- Outcome
- fruit yielde6
- Direction
- enhancede6
- Value
- 44.6%e6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“enhances tomato resistance against Phytophthora capsici”
e6“HK9-3 colonization not only effectively improved soil microecology and soil fertility, but also significantly enhanced fruit yield by 44.6% and improved quality”
Claim · model-written summary
HK9-3 colonization improved tomato fruit quality.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- HK9-3 colonizatione6
- Outcome
- qualitye6
- Direction
- improvede6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“enhances tomato resistance against Phytophthora capsici”
e6“HK9-3 colonization not only effectively improved soil microecology and soil fertility, but also significantly enhanced fruit yield by 44.6% and improved quality”
Claim · model-written summary
HK9-3 colonization improved rhizosphere soil microecology and soil fertility.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- HK9-3 colonizatione6
- Outcome
- soil microecology and soil fertilitye6
- Direction
- improvede6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“enhances tomato resistance against Phytophthora capsici”
e6“HK9-3 colonization not only effectively improved soil microecology and soil fertility, but also significantly enhanced fruit yield by 44.6% and improved quality”
Claim · model-written summary
HK9-3 is presented as a promising solution for controlling P. capsici infection in tomato cultivation.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume7
- Outcome
- controlling P. capsici infectione7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“enhances tomato resistance against Phytophthora capsici”
e7“Our study presents HK9-3 as a promising and effective solution for controlling P. capsici infection in tomato cultivation”
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