Effects of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium Level on Growth and Floral Attributes of Gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflorus L.) cv. Nova Lux

Abstract

Gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflorus L.) is a networthy flower crop within India. The crop's growth and flowering have been notably impacted by the prevailing climate and agro-climatic conditions of the region, resulting in decreased yield and productivity. One of the main contributing factors is the absence of fertiliser recommendations tailored to specific locations, among other factors. Thus, a field experiments were conducted for two consecutive seasons during 2020-2021 & 2021–2022. A field study was carried out at the Horticulture Research Farm, Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Allied Industries, Rama University, Kanpur (U.P.). The experiment used a Randomized Block Design with 13 treatments and three replications of different levels of N, P2O5 and K2O. The experiment's major goals were to assess the effects of N, P2O5 and K2O on growth and floral attributes of Gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflorus L.) cv. Nova Lux. According to the results of the current study, Treatment T11 (NPK @150:100:120) had the best effects on growth attributes like Days to 50% sprouting [8.65 (2020-21), 8.69 (2021-22) and 8.67 (Pooled)] days , Plant height [77.87 (2020-21), 80.57 (2021-22) and 79.22 (Pooled)] cm at harvest, Number of leaves per plant [8.77 (2020-21), 8.95 (2021-22) and 8.86 (Pooled)] at harvest & Days to emergence of spike [71.45 (2020-21), 71.21 (2021-22) and 71.33 (Pooled)] days. It also had significant effects on flowering attributes like Flowering duration [16.80 (2020-21), 16.92 (2021-22) and 16.86 (Pooled)] days , Length of spike [87.35 (2020-21), 87.79 (2021-22) and 87.57 (Pooled)] cm , Days taken for first floret opening [109.95 (2020-21), 110.25 (2021-22) and 110.10 (Pooled)] days , Length of florets [9.87 (2020-21), 9.93 (2021-22) and 9.90 (Pooled)] cm , Diameter of florets [7.78 (2020-21), 7.87 (2021-22) and 7.83 (Pooled)] cm & Number of florets opened at a time (125 DAP) i.e., [5.67 (2020-21), 5.71 (2021-22) and 5.69 (Pooled)].

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Claims 10

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

T11 (NPK @150:100:120) gave the best Days to 50% sprouting in gladiolus.

Taxon: Gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflorus L.)Gladiolus grandiflorust0
Treatment: Treatment T11 (NPK @150:100:120)e0
Outcome: Days to 50% sproutinge0
Direction: beste0
Value: 8.67 (Pooled)] dayse0

Not reportedMaterialComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

*Gladiolus grandiflorus* · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryYercaud-elango · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0
“Gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflorus L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 87–124 · show in text ↑

e0
“Treatment T11 (NPK @150:100:120) had the best effects on growth attributes like Days to 50% sprouting [8.65 (2020-21), 8.69 (2021-22) and 8.67 (Pooled)] days”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1007–1164 · show in text ↑

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

T11 (NPK @150:100:120) gave the best Plant height in gladiolus.

Taxon: Gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflorus L.)Gladiolus grandiflorust0
Treatment: Treatment T11 (NPK @150:100:120)e0
Outcome: Plant heighte0
Direction: beste0
Value: 79.22 (Pooled)] cme0

Not reportedMaterialComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

t0
“Gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflorus L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 87–124 · show in text ↑

e0
“Treatment T11 (NPK @150:100:120) had the best effects on growth attributes like Days to 50% sprouting [8.65 (2020-21), 8.69 (2021-22) and 8.67 (Pooled)] days, Plant height [77.87 (2020-21), 80.57 (2021-22) and 79.22 (Pooled)] cm”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1007–1235 · show in text ↑

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

T11 (NPK @150:100:120) gave the best Number of leaves per plant in gladiolus.

Taxon: Gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflorus L.)Gladiolus grandiflorust0
Treatment: Treatment T11 (NPK @150:100:120)e0
Outcome: Number of leaves per plante0
Direction: beste0
Value: 8.86 (Pooled)e0

Not reportedMaterialComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

t0
“Gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflorus L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 87–124 · show in text ↑

e0
“Treatment T11 (NPK @150:100:120) had the best effects on growth attributes like Days to 50% sprouting [8.65 (2020-21), 8.69 (2021-22) and 8.67 (Pooled)] days, Plant height [77.87 (2020-21), 80.57 (2021-22) and 79.22 (Pooled)] cm at harvest, Number of leaves per plant [8.77 (2020-21), 8.95 (2021-22) and 8.86 (Pooled)]”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1007–1325 · show in text ↑

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

T11 (NPK @150:100:120) gave the best Days to emergence of spike in gladiolus.

Taxon: Gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflorus L.)Gladiolus grandiflorust0
Treatment: Treatment T11 (NPK @150:100:120)e0
Outcome: Days to emergence of spikee0
Direction: beste0
Value: 71.33 (Pooled)] dayse0

Not reportedMaterialComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

t0
“Gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflorus L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 87–124 · show in text ↑

e0
“Treatment T11 (NPK @150:100:120) had the best effects on growth attributes like Days to 50% sprouting [8.65 (2020-21), 8.69 (2021-22) and 8.67 (Pooled)] days, Plant height [77.87 (2020-21), 80.57 (2021-22) and 79.22 (Pooled)] cm at harvest, Number of leaves per plant [8.77 (2020-21), 8.95 (2021-22) and 8.86 (Pooled)] at harvest & Days to emergence of spike [71.45 (2020-21), 71.21 (2021-22) and 71.33 (Pooled)] days”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1007–1424 · show in text ↑

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

T11 (NPK @150:100:120) gave the best Flowering duration in gladiolus.

Taxon: Gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflorus L.)Gladiolus grandiflorust0
Treatment: Treatment T11 (NPK @150:100:120)e1
Outcome: Flowering duratione0
Direction: beste1
Value: 16.86 (Pooled)] dayse0

Not reportedMaterialComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

t0
“Gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflorus L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 87–124 · show in text ↑

e0
“It also had significant effects on flowering attributes like Flowering duration [16.80 (2020-21), 16.92 (2021-22) and 16.86 (Pooled)] days”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1426–1564 · show in text ↑

e1
“Treatment T11 (NPK @150:100:120) had the best effects on growth attributes like Days to 50% sprouting [8.65 (2020-21), 8.69 (2021-22) and 8.67 (Pooled)] days”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1007–1164 · show in text ↑

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

T11 (NPK @150:100:120) gave the best Length of spike in gladiolus.

Taxon: Gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflorus L.)Gladiolus grandiflorust0
Treatment: Treatment T11 (NPK @150:100:120)e1
Outcome: Length of spikee0
Direction: beste1
Value: 87.57 (Pooled)] cme0

Not reportedMaterialComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

t0
“Gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflorus L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 87–124 · show in text ↑

e0
“It also had significant effects on flowering attributes like Flowering duration [16.80 (2020-21), 16.92 (2021-22) and 16.86 (Pooled)] days, Length of spike [87.35 (2020-21), 87.79 (2021-22) and 87.57 (Pooled)] cm”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1426–1638 · show in text ↑

e1
“Treatment T11 (NPK @150:100:120) had the best effects on growth attributes like Days to 50% sprouting [8.65 (2020-21), 8.69 (2021-22) and 8.67 (Pooled)] days”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1007–1164 · show in text ↑

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

T11 (NPK @150:100:120) gave the best Days taken for first floret opening in gladiolus.

Taxon: Gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflorus L.)Gladiolus grandiflorust0
Treatment: Treatment T11 (NPK @150:100:120)e1
Outcome: Days taken for first floret openinge0
Direction: beste1
Value: 110.10 (Pooled)] dayse0

Not reportedMaterialComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

t0
“Gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflorus L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 87–124 · show in text ↑

e0
“It also had significant effects on flowering attributes like Flowering duration [16.80 (2020-21), 16.92 (2021-22) and 16.86 (Pooled)] days, Length of spike [87.35 (2020-21), 87.79 (2021-22) and 87.57 (Pooled)] cm, Days taken for first floret opening [109.95 (2020-21), 110.25 (2021-22) and 110.10 (Pooled)] days”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1426–1737 · show in text ↑

e1
“Treatment T11 (NPK @150:100:120) had the best effects on growth attributes like Days to 50% sprouting [8.65 (2020-21), 8.69 (2021-22) and 8.67 (Pooled)] days”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1007–1164 · show in text ↑

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

T11 (NPK @150:100:120) gave the best Length of florets in gladiolus.

Taxon: Gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflorus L.)Gladiolus grandiflorust0
Treatment: Treatment T11 (NPK @150:100:120)e1
Outcome: Length of floretse0
Direction: beste1
Value: 9.90 (Pooled)] cme0

Not reportedMaterialComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

t0
“Gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflorus L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 87–124 · show in text ↑

e0
“It also had significant effects on flowering attributes like Flowering duration [16.80 (2020-21), 16.92 (2021-22) and 16.86 (Pooled)] days, Length of spike [87.35 (2020-21), 87.79 (2021-22) and 87.57 (Pooled)] cm, Days taken for first floret opening [109.95 (2020-21), 110.25 (2021-22) and 110.10 (Pooled)] days, Length of florets [9.87 (2020-21), 9.93 (2021-22) and 9.90 (Pooled)] cm”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1426–1810 · show in text ↑

e1
“Treatment T11 (NPK @150:100:120) had the best effects on growth attributes like Days to 50% sprouting [8.65 (2020-21), 8.69 (2021-22) and 8.67 (Pooled)] days”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1007–1164 · show in text ↑

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

T11 (NPK @150:100:120) gave the best Diameter of florets in gladiolus.

Taxon: Gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflorus L.)Gladiolus grandiflorust0
Treatment: Treatment T11 (NPK @150:100:120)e1
Outcome: Diameter of floretse0
Direction: beste1
Value: 7.83 (Pooled)] cme0

Not reportedMaterialComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

t0
“Gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflorus L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 87–124 · show in text ↑

e0
“It also had significant effects on flowering attributes like Flowering duration [16.80 (2020-21), 16.92 (2021-22) and 16.86 (Pooled)] days, Length of spike [87.35 (2020-21), 87.79 (2021-22) and 87.57 (Pooled)] cm, Days taken for first floret opening [109.95 (2020-21), 110.25 (2021-22) and 110.10 (Pooled)] days, Length of florets [9.87 (2020-21), 9.93 (2021-22) and 9.90 (Pooled)] cm, Diameter of florets [7.78 (2020-21), 7.87 (2021-22) and 7.83 (Pooled)] cm”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1426–1885 · show in text ↑

e1
“Treatment T11 (NPK @150:100:120) had the best effects on growth attributes like Days to 50% sprouting [8.65 (2020-21), 8.69 (2021-22) and 8.67 (Pooled)] days”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1007–1164 · show in text ↑

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

T11 (NPK @150:100:120) gave the best Number of florets opened at a time in gladiolus.

Taxon: Gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflorus L.)Gladiolus grandiflorust0
Treatment: Treatment T11 (NPK @150:100:120)e1
Outcome: Number of florets opened at a timee0
Direction: beste1
Value: 5.69 (Pooled)e0

Not reportedMaterialComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

t0
“Gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflorus L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 87–124 · show in text ↑

e0
“It also had significant effects on flowering attributes like Flowering duration [16.80 (2020-21), 16.92 (2021-22) and 16.86 (Pooled)] days, Length of spike [87.35 (2020-21), 87.79 (2021-22) and 87.57 (Pooled)] cm, Days taken for first floret opening [109.95 (2020-21), 110.25 (2021-22) and 110.10 (Pooled)] days, Length of florets [9.87 (2020-21), 9.93 (2021-22) and 9.90 (Pooled)] cm, Diameter of florets [7.78 (2020-21), 7.87 (2021-22) and 7.83 (Pooled)] cm & Number of florets opened at a time (125 DAP) i.e., [5.67 (2020-21), 5.71 (2021-22) and 5.69 (Pooled)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1426–1988 · show in text ↑

e1
“Treatment T11 (NPK @150:100:120) had the best effects on growth attributes like Days to 50% sprouting [8.65 (2020-21), 8.69 (2021-22) and 8.67 (Pooled)] days”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1007–1164 · show in text ↑

fertilization · growth · Gladiolus grandiflorusPositive and negative results

21 papers: 20 positive, 1 negative or no effect

19 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

17 papers more in this group

See all 21 papers →

fertilization · phenology · Gladiolus grandiflorusResults agree

3 papers: 3 positive, 0 negative or no effect

2 papers in the same direction as this paper

positive
Treatment T6 significantly induced early flowering of gladiolus compared with all treatments.
Flowering and corm production in gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflorus L.) cv. “White Prosperity” as influenced by integrated nutrient management (INM) · 2014 · compared with all treatments
Same direction
positive
High compost combined with biofertilizers noticeably improved gladiolus flowering parameters.
EFFECT OF SOME ORGANIC AND BIO-FERTILIZATION TREATMENTS ON GLADIOLUS PLANTS: 1- VEGETATIVE GROWTH AND FLOWERING · 2009
Same direction

See all 3 papers →

fertilization · quality: postharvest · Gladiolus grandiflorusResults agree

4 papers: 4 positive, 0 negative or no effect

3 papers in the same direction as this paper

positive
Three applications of HA and NPK proved best for early and uniform sprouting of gladiolus.
Humic acid and cultivar effects on growth, yield, vase life, and corm characteristics of gladiolus · 2013
Same direction
positive
Full NPK produced higher sprouting, height and leaf area.
GROWTH AND CORM PRODUCTION OF GLADIOLUS GRANDIFLORUS L. ‘ESSENTIAL’ UNDER DIFFERENT NPK REGIMES · 2016
Same direction
positive
T11 gave a better response for gladiolus sprouting, sprouts and leaves.
Response of integrated nutrient management on vegetative growth and flowering characters of gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflorus) cv. white prosperity · 2019
Same direction

See all 4 papers →

fertilization · yield · Gladiolus grandiflorusResults agree

16 papers: 16 positive, 0 negative or no effect

15 papers in the same direction as this paper

12 papers more in this group

See all 16 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.

Abstract

Claims 10

The same questions in other papers

fertilization · growth · Gladiolus grandiflorusPositive and negative results

fertilization · phenology · Gladiolus grandiflorusResults agree

fertilization · quality: postharvest · Gladiolus grandiflorusResults agree

fertilization · yield · Gladiolus grandiflorusResults agree