Abstract
Cercospora leaf spot (CLS), caused by the hemibiotrophic fungus Cercospora beticola, is a destructive disease affecting table beet. Multiple applications of fungicides are needed to reduce epidemic progress to maintain foliar health and enable mechanized harvest. The sustainability of CLS control is threatened by the rapid development of fungicide resistance, the need to grow commercially acceptable yet CLS-susceptible cultivars, and the inability to manipulate agronomic conditions to mitigate disease risk. Nighttime applications of germicidal UV light (UV-C) have recently been used to suppress several plant diseases, notably those caused by ectoparasitic biotrophs such as powdery mildews. We evaluated the efficacy of nighttime applications of UV-C for suppression of CLS in table beet. In vitro lethality of UV-C to germinating conidia increased with increasing dose, with complete suppression at 1,000 J/m 2 . Greenhouse-grown table beet tolerated relatively high doses of UV-C without lethal effects despite some bronzing on the leaf blade. A UV-C dose >1,500 J/m 2 resulted in phytotoxicity severities greater than 50%. UV-C exposure to ≤750 J/m 2 resulted in negligible phytotoxicity. Older (6-week-old) greenhouse-grown plants were more susceptible to UV-C damage than younger (2- and 4-week-old) plants. Suppression of CLS by UV-C was greater when applied within 6 days of C. beticola inoculation than if delayed until 13 days after infection in greenhouse-grown plants. In field trials, there were significant linear relationships between UV-C dose and CLS control and phytotoxicity severity, and a significant negative linear relationship between phytotoxicity and CLS severity at the final assessment. Significant differences between UV-C doses on the severity of CLS and phytotoxicity indicated an efficacious dose near 800 J/m 2 . Collectively, these findings illustrate significant and substantial suppression by nighttime applications of UV-C for CLS control on table beet, with potential for incorporation in both conventional and organic table beet broadacre production systems.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
UV-C lethality to germinating conidia increased with dose, reaching complete suppression at 1,000 J/m 2.
- Taxon
- Table Beet
Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0 - Treatment
- UV-Ce0
- Interactor
- Cercospora beticola
Cercospora beticolae1pathogen - Outcome
- lethality of UV-C to germinating conidiae0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 1,000 J/m 2e0
- Comparator
- increasing dosee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In vitro lethality of UV-C to germinating conidia increased with increasing dose, with complete suppression at 1,000 J/m 2”
t0“Table Beet”
e1“Cercospora beticola”
Claim · model-written summary
Greenhouse beet tolerated high UV-C doses without lethality but showed leaf bronzing.
- Taxon
- table beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise0
- Treatment
- UV-Ce0
- Outcome
- tolerated relatively high doses of UV-C without lethal effects despite some bronzing on the leaf bladee0
- Setting
- Greenhouse-growne0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Greenhouse-grown table beet tolerated relatively high doses of UV-C without lethal effects despite some bronzing on the leaf blade”
Claim · model-written summary
UV-C above 1,500 J/m 2 caused phytotoxicity severity above 50%.
- Taxon
- Table BeetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- UV-C dose >1,500 J/m 2e0
- Outcome
- phytotoxicity severitiese0
- Direction
- greater thane0
- Value
- 50%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A UV-C dose >1,500 J/m 2 resulted in phytotoxicity severities greater than 50%”
t0“Table Beet”
Claim · model-written summary
UV-C at no more than 750 J/m 2 caused negligible phytotoxicity.
- Taxon
- Table BeetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- UV-C exposure to ≤750 J/m 2e0
- Outcome
- negligible phytotoxicitye0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“UV-C exposure to ≤750 J/m 2 resulted in negligible phytotoxicity”
t0“Table Beet”
Claim · model-written summary
Six-week-old plants were more susceptible to UV-C damage than younger plants.
- Taxon
- Table BeetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Organ / stage
- Oldere0
- Outcome
- UV-C damagee0
- Direction
- more susceptiblee0
- Comparator
- younger (2- and 4-week-old) plantse0
- Setting
- greenhouse-growne0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Older (6-week-old) greenhouse-grown plants were more susceptible to UV-C damage than younger (2- and 4-week-old) plants”
t0“Table Beet”
Claim · model-written summary
UV-C suppressed CLS more when applied within six days of inoculation than after 13 days.
- Taxon
- Table BeetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- UV-Ce0
- Interactor
- C. beticolaCercospora beticolae0pathogen
- Outcome
- Suppression of CLSe0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- delayed until 13 days after infectione0
- Setting
- greenhouse-growne0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Suppression of CLS by UV-C was greater when applied within 6 days of C. beticola inoculation than if delayed until 13 days after infection in greenhouse-grown plants”
t0“Table Beet”
Claim · model-written summary
Field UV-C dose had a significant linear relationship with CLS control.
- Taxon
- Table BeetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- UV-C dosee0
- Interactor
- Cercospora beticolaCercospora beticolae1pathogen
- Outcome
- CLS controle0
- Setting
- field trialse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In field trials, there were significant linear relationships between UV-C dose and CLS control and phytotoxicity severity”
t0“Table Beet”
e1“Cercospora beticola”
Claim · model-written summary
Field UV-C dose had a significant linear relationship with phytotoxicity severity.
- Taxon
- Table BeetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- UV-C dosee0
- Outcome
- phytotoxicity severitye0
- Setting
- field trialse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In field trials, there were significant linear relationships between UV-C dose and CLS control and phytotoxicity severity”
t0“Table Beet”
Claim · model-written summary
Phytotoxicity and CLS severity had a significant negative linear relationship at final assessment.
- Taxon
- Table BeetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Interactor
- Cercospora beticolaCercospora beticolae1pathogen
- Outcome
- CLS severitye0
- Direction
- negativee0
- Comparator
- phytotoxicitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a significant negative linear relationship between phytotoxicity and CLS severity at the final assessment”
t0“Table Beet”
e1“Cercospora beticola”
Claim · model-written summary
Significant dose differences indicated an efficacious dose near 800 J/m 2.
- Taxon
- Table BeetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Outcome
- efficacious dosee0
- Value
- 800 J/m 2e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Significant differences between UV-C doses on the severity of CLS and phytotoxicity indicated an efficacious dose near 800 J/m 2”
t0“Table Beet”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors conclude nighttime UV-C substantially suppresses CLS in table beet.
- Taxon
- table beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise0
- Treatment
- nighttime applications of UV-Ce0
- Outcome
- CLS controle0
- Direction
- suppressione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“significant and substantial suppression by nighttime applications of UV-C for CLS control on table beet”
The same questions in other papers
uv · disease · Beta vulgaris (beet)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.