Abstract
High levels of copper released in the soil, mainly from anthropogenic activity, can be hazardous to plants, animals, and humans. The present research aimed to estimate the suitability and effectiveness of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) as a possible soil remediation option and to uncover underlying adaptive mechanisms A pot experiment was conducted to explore the effect of copper stress on agronomic and yield traits for 32 rapeseed genotypes. The copper-tolerant genotype H2009 and copper-sensitive genotype ZYZ16 were selected for further physiological, metabolomic, and transcriptomic analyses. The results exhibited a significant genotypic variation in copper stress tolerance in rapeseed. Specifically, the ratio of seed yield under copper stress to control ranged from 0.29 to 0.74. Furthermore, the proline content and antioxidant enzymatic activities in the roots were greater than those in the shoots. The accumulated copper in the roots accounted for about 50% of the total amount absorbed by plants; thus, the genotypes possessing high root volumes can be used for rhizofiltration to uptake and sequester copper. Additionally, the pectin and hemicellulose contents were significantly increased by 15.6% and 162%, respectively, under copper stress for the copper-tolerant genotype, allowing for greater sequestration of copper ions in the cell wall and lower oxidative stress. Comparative analysis of transcriptomes and metabolomes revealed that excessive copper enhanced the up-regulation of functional genes or metabolites related to cell wall binding, copper transportation, and chelation in the copper-tolerant genotype. Our results suggest that copper-tolerant rapeseed can thrive in heavily copper-polluted soils with a 5.85% remediation efficiency as well as produce seed and vegetable oil without exceeding food quality standards for the industry. This multi-omics comparison study provides insights into breeding copper-tolerant genotypes that can be used for the phytoremediation of heavy metal-polluted soils.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Rapeseed genotypes differed significantly in copper stress tolerance.
- Taxon
- rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)
_Brassica_napus_-_Habit.jpg?width=60)
Brassica napuse0 - Treatment
- copper stresse2
- Outcome
- copper stress tolerancee2
- Setting
- pot experimente1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_Brassica_napus_-_Habit.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) as a possible soil remediation option”
e1“A pot experiment was conducted to explore the effect of copper stress on agronomic and yield traits for 32 rapeseed genotypes”
e2“The results exhibited a significant genotypic variation in copper stress tolerance in rapeseed”
Claim · model-written summary
Under copper stress, seed yield of rapeseed genotypes was reduced to between 0.29 and 0.74 of the control.
- Taxon
- rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)Brassica napuse0
- Treatment
- copper stresse1
- Outcome
- seed yielde1
- Direction
- decreaseinferrede1
- Value
- 0.29 to 0.74e1
- Comparator
- controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) as a possible soil remediation option”
e1“Specifically, the ratio of seed yield under copper stress to control ranged from 0.29 to 0.74”
Claim · model-written summary
Proline content and antioxidant enzymatic activities were higher in roots than in shoots of rapeseed under copper stress.
- Taxon
- rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)Brassica napuse0
- Organ / stage
- rootse1
- Outcome
- proline content and antioxidant enzymatic activitiese1
- Direction
- greatere1
- Comparator
- shootse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) as a possible soil remediation option”
e1“Furthermore, the proline content and antioxidant enzymatic activities in the roots were greater than those in the shoots”
Claim · model-written summary
Roots of rapeseed accumulated about 50% of the total copper absorbed by the plants.
- Taxon
- rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)Brassica napuse0
- Organ / stage
- rootse1
- Outcome
- accumulated coppere1
- Value
- about 50%e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) as a possible soil remediation option”
e1“The accumulated copper in the roots accounted for about 50% of the total amount absorbed by plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Pectin content of the copper-tolerant genotype H2009 increased by 15.6% under copper stress.
- Taxon
- rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)Brassica napuse0
- Material
- H2009e2
- Treatment
- copper stresse1
- Outcome
- pectin and hemicellulose contentse1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 15.6%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) as a possible soil remediation option”
e1“Additionally, the pectin and hemicellulose contents were significantly increased by 15.6% and 162%, respectively, under copper stress for the copper-tolerant genotype, allowing for greater sequestration of copper ions in the cell wall and lower oxidative stress”
e2“The copper-tolerant genotype H2009 and copper-sensitive genotype ZYZ16 were selected for further physiological, metabolomic, and transcriptomic analyses”
Claim · model-written summary
Hemicellulose content of the copper-tolerant genotype H2009 increased by 162% under copper stress.
- Taxon
- rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)Brassica napuse0
- Material
- H2009e2
- Treatment
- copper stresse1
- Outcome
- pectin and hemicellulose contentse1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 162%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) as a possible soil remediation option”
e1“Additionally, the pectin and hemicellulose contents were significantly increased by 15.6% and 162%, respectively, under copper stress for the copper-tolerant genotype, allowing for greater sequestration of copper ions in the cell wall and lower oxidative stress”
e2“The copper-tolerant genotype H2009 and copper-sensitive genotype ZYZ16 were selected for further physiological, metabolomic, and transcriptomic analyses”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher pectin and hemicellulose in the copper-tolerant genotype allow greater sequestration of copper ions in the cell wall.
- Taxon
- rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)Brassica napuse0
- Compound
- pectin and hemicellulosee1
- Outcome
- greater sequestration of copper ions in the cell walle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) as a possible soil remediation option”
e1“Additionally, the pectin and hemicellulose contents were significantly increased by 15.6% and 162%, respectively, under copper stress for the copper-tolerant genotype, allowing for greater sequestration of copper ions in the cell wall and lower oxidative stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher pectin and hemicellulose in the copper-tolerant genotype are associated with lower oxidative stress.
- Taxon
- rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)Brassica napuse0
- Compound
- pectin and hemicellulosee1
- Outcome
- lower oxidative stresse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) as a possible soil remediation option”
e1“Additionally, the pectin and hemicellulose contents were significantly increased by 15.6% and 162%, respectively, under copper stress for the copper-tolerant genotype, allowing for greater sequestration of copper ions in the cell wall and lower oxidative stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Excessive copper enhanced up-regulation of functional genes or metabolites related to cell wall binding, copper transportation and chelation in the copper-tolerant genotype.
- Taxon
- rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)Brassica napuse0
- Material
- copper-tolerant genotypee1
- Treatment
- excessive coppere1
- Outcome
- up-regulation of functional genes or metabolites related to cell wall binding, copper transportation, and chelatione1
- Direction
- enhancede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) as a possible soil remediation option”
e1“Comparative analysis of transcriptomes and metabolomes revealed that excessive copper enhanced the up-regulation of functional genes or metabolites related to cell wall binding, copper transportation, and chelation in the copper-tolerant genotype”
Claim · model-written summary
Copper-tolerant rapeseed can thrive in heavily copper-polluted soils with a 5.85% remediation efficiency.
- Taxon
- rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)Brassica napuse0
- Outcome
- remediation efficiencye1
- Value
- 5.85%e1
- Setting
- heavily copper-polluted soilse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) as a possible soil remediation option”
e1“Our results suggest that copper-tolerant rapeseed can thrive in heavily copper-polluted soils with a 5.85% remediation efficiency as well as produce seed and vegetable oil without exceeding food quality standards for the industry”
Claim · model-written summary
Copper-tolerant rapeseed can produce seed and vegetable oil without exceeding food quality standards.
- Taxon
- rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)Brassica napuse0
- Outcome
- seed and vegetable oile1
- Qualifier
- without exceeding food quality standardse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) as a possible soil remediation option”
e1“Our results suggest that copper-tolerant rapeseed can thrive in heavily copper-polluted soils with a 5.85% remediation efficiency as well as produce seed and vegetable oil without exceeding food quality standards for the industry”
The same questions in other papers
heavy metal · molecular: metabolites · Brassica napus (oilseed rape)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- positive
heavy metal · yield · Brassica napus (oilseed rape)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- negative
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.