Abstract
Background: Inclusion of legume crops in efficient cropping system is important to maintain soil bio-physical property for sustainable production systems. Conservation agriculture (CA) practices have been demonstrated to be successful in cereal based systems. But the information on zero-tillage as CA practice in legume based systems is lacking, which may further help in conservation of soil resources on sustainable basis. Hence study on impact of zero-tillage on soil biological and physico-chemical properties was undertaken at CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Regional Research Station, Bawal (Rewari), India during 2019-20 and 2020-21. Methods: The soil of experimental site was loamy sand in texture and low in organic carbon, N and P, while medium in K. The treatments included nine tillage combinations for crop establishment under mung bean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek]-wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cropping system (MWCS) viz., Zero-tillage mung bean (ZTM) fb zero-tillage wheat (ZTW), ZTM fb reduced tillage wheat (RTW), ZTM fb conventional tillage wheat (CTW), reduced tillage mung bean (RTM) fb ZTW, RTM fb RTW, RTM fb CTW, Conventional tillage mung bean (CTM) fb ZTW, CTM fb RTW, CTM fb CTW. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with three replications. Result: After two years, there was no change in soil texture and EC of the soil due to different crop establishment methods, while the bulk density of upper soil layer (0-15 cm) decreased marginally under system-based ZT method. The Infiltration rate increased with decrease in the frequency of tillage in both the crops. Organic carbon in upper layer increased while pH decreased marginally under ZTM-ZTW as compared to CTM-CTW. Available N and P showed increasing trend with decrease in number of tillage operations after two years of MWCS. Tillage practices had no significant effect on available K. The grain yield of wheat was not influenced by tillage during 2019-20, but in 2020-21 it was significantly higher under ZT wheat sown after ZTM (5025 kg ha-1) than RTW (4622-4722 kg ha-1) and CTW (4593-4641 kg ha-1), irrespective of tillage practices in mung bean. The seed, stover and biological yields of mung bean were similar under all crop establishment methods in MWCS. This indicated sustainability of zero-tillage methods of establishment in MWCS.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Soil texture and EC did not change among establishment methods.
- Taxon
- mung bean
.jpg?width=60)
Vigna radiatae1 - Treatment
- different crop establishment methodse0
- Outcome
- soil texture and ECe0
- Direction
- no changee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“After two years, there was no change in soil texture and EC of the soil due to different crop establishment methods”
e1“zero-tillage mung bean (ZTM)”
Claim · model-written summary
System-based ZT marginally reduced upper-layer soil bulk density.
- Taxon
- mung beanVigna radiatae1
- Treatment
- system-based ZT methode0
- Outcome
- bulk density of upper soil layere0
- Direction
- decreased marginallye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the bulk density of upper soil layer (0-15 cm) decreased marginally under system-based ZT method”
e1“zero-tillage mung bean (ZTM)”
Claim · model-written summary
Infiltration increased as tillage frequency decreased in both crops.
- Taxon
- mung beanVigna radiatae1
- Treatment
- frequency of tillagee0
- Outcome
- Infiltration ratee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The Infiltration rate increased with decrease in the frequency of tillage in both the crops”
e1“zero-tillage mung bean (ZTM)”
Claim · model-written summary
Upper-layer organic carbon increased under ZTM-ZTW relative to CTM-CTW.
- Taxon
- mung beanVigna radiatae1
- Treatment
- ZTM-ZTWe0
- Outcome
- Organic carbon in upper layere0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- CTM-CTWe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Organic carbon in upper layer increased while pH decreased marginally under ZTM-ZTW as compared to CTM-CTW”
e1“zero-tillage mung bean (ZTM)”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil pH decreased marginally under ZTM-ZTW relative to CTM-CTW.
- Taxon
- mung beanVigna radiatae1
- Treatment
- ZTM-ZTWe0
- Outcome
- pHe0
- Direction
- decreased marginallye0
- Comparator
- CTM-CTWe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Organic carbon in upper layer increased while pH decreased marginally under ZTM-ZTW as compared to CTM-CTW”
e1“zero-tillage mung bean (ZTM)”
Claim · model-written summary
Available nitrogen and phosphorus rose as tillage operations decreased.
- Taxon
- mung beanVigna radiatae1
- Treatment
- number of tillage operationse0
- Outcome
- Available N and Pe0
- Direction
- increasing trende0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Available N and P showed increasing trend with decrease in number of tillage operations after two years of MWCS”
e1“zero-tillage mung bean (ZTM)”
Claim · model-written summary
Tillage did not significantly affect available potassium.
- Taxon
- mung beanVigna radiatae1
- Treatment
- Tillage practicese0
- Outcome
- available Ke0
- Direction
- no significant effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tillage practices had no significant effect on available K”
e1“zero-tillage mung bean (ZTM)”
Claim · model-written summary
Tillage did not influence wheat grain yield in 2019-20.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- tillagee0
- Outcome
- grain yield of wheate0
- Direction
- not influencede0
- Setting
- 2019-20e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The grain yield of wheat was not influenced by tillage during 2019-20”
Claim · model-written summary
Zero tillage wheat after zero tillage mung bean yielded 5025 kg ha-1 in 2020-21, exceeding RTW.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- ZT wheat sown after ZTMe0
- Outcome
- grain yielde1
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 5025 kg ha-1e0
- Qualifier
- 4622-4722 kg ha-1e0
- Comparator
- RTWe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in 2020-21 it was significantly higher under ZT wheat sown after ZTM (5025 kg ha-1) than RTW (4622-4722 kg ha-1) and CTW (4593-4641 kg ha-1)”
e1“grain yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Zero tillage wheat after zero tillage mung bean yielded 5025 kg ha-1 in 2020-21, exceeding CTW.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- ZT wheat sown after ZTMe0
- Outcome
- grain yielde1
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 5025 kg ha-1e0
- Qualifier
- 4593-4641 kg ha-1e0
- Comparator
- CTWe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in 2020-21 it was significantly higher under ZT wheat sown after ZTM (5025 kg ha-1) than RTW (4622-4722 kg ha-1) and CTW (4593-4641 kg ha-1)”
e1“grain yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Mung bean seed, stover and biological yields were similar across establishment methods.
- Taxon
- mung beanVigna radiatae0
- Treatment
- crop establishment methodse0
- Outcome
- seed, stover and biological yieldse0
- Direction
- similare0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The seed, stover and biological yields of mung bean were similar under all crop establishment methods in MWCS”
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