Paper · 2023 · International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

Study on the Insect Pest-complex and Its Correlations with Environmental Factors on Fenugreek (Trigonella Foenum Graecum L.)

Pradeep Kumar Chandra -; Waluniba -; Jiya Kharibam -

8
claims
13
verbatim quotes
0
citations
2
research areas
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Open access · cc-by-sa

Abstract

The present investigation was carried out during November 2022 to February 2023. The field experiment was conducted in Randomized block design with eight treatments and three replications at Experimental farm, Department of Entomology, SAS, Medziphema. The outcomes of the experiments revealed that, during period of investigation, ten insect pests and two natural enemies were observed. The activity of aphid (Aphis craccivora) infestation on fenugreek started in the 45th SMW (1.5 aphids/ three leaves) and reached its peak during 52nd SMW (23.36 aphids/ three leaves). The thrips (Scirtothrips dorsalis) was observed from 46th SMW (0.8 thrips/ three leaves) and reached its peak during 2nd SMW (9.32 thrips/ three leaves). The population of Spodoptera litura on fenugreek started appearing from 47th SMW (0.1caterpilar/ plant) and the highest incidence was recorded during 1st SMW (2 caterpillar/ plant). The serpentine leaf miner was observed from 49th SMW (0.56 maggot/ plant) and reached its peak during 2nd SMW (2.3 maggot/ plant). The population of flea beetle on fenugreek started appearing from 48th SMW (0.8 adult/ plant) and the highest incidence was recorded during 1st SMW (2.03 adult/ plant). The correlation studies with weather parameters revealed that aphid, thrips, Spodoptera litura, serpentine leaf miner and flea beetle population had significant negative correlation with maximum temperature, minimum temperature but non-significant with other remaining weather parameters.

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Claims 8

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Ten insect pests and two natural enemies were observed.

Outcome
ten insect pests and two natural enemiese0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Trigonella foenum-graecum
Trigonella foenum-graecum · TaxonYak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Fenugreek”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 84–93 · show in text ↑
e0

“ten insect pests and two natural enemies were observed”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 332–386 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Aphids first appeared in week 45 at 1.5 per three leaves and peaked in week 52 at 23.36.

Interactor
Aphis craccivoraAphis craccivorae0pest
Outcome
aphid (Aphis craccivora) infestatione0
Direction
peake0
Value
23.36 aphids/ three leavese0
Qualifier
45th SMW (1.5 aphids/ three leaves)e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Trigonella foenum-graecum
Trigonella foenum-graecum · TaxonYak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Aphis craccivora
Aphis craccivora · InteractorSimon Hinkley & Ken Walker Museum Victoria · CC BY 3.0 au · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“aphid (Aphis craccivora) infestation on fenugreek started in the 45th SMW (1.5 aphids/ three leaves) and reached its peak during 52nd SMW (23.36 aphids/ three leaves)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 404–570 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Thrips first appeared in week 46 and peaked in week 2 at 9.32 per three leaves.

Interactor
Scirtothrips dorsalisScirtothrips dorsalise0pest
Outcome
thrips (Scirtothrips dorsalis)e0
Direction
peake0
Value
9.32 thrips/ three leavese0
Qualifier
46th SMW (0.8 thrips/ three leaves)e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Trigonella foenum-graecum
Trigonella foenum-graecum · TaxonYak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Scirtothrips dorsalis
Scirtothrips dorsalis · InteractorAderksen at English Wikipedia · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Fenugreek”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 84–93 · show in text ↑
e0

“thrips (Scirtothrips dorsalis) was observed from 46th SMW (0.8 thrips/ three leaves) and reached its peak during 2nd SMW (9.32 thrips/ three leaves)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 576–724 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Spodoptera litura appeared in week 47 and reached highest incidence in week 1.

Interactor
Spodoptera lituraSpodoptera liturae0pest
Outcome
population of Spodoptera liturae0
Direction
higheste0
Value
2 caterpillar/ plante0
Qualifier
47th SMW (0.1caterpilar/ plant)e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Trigonella foenum-graecum
Trigonella foenum-graecum · TaxonYak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Spodoptera litura
Spodoptera litura · InteractorDonald Hobern from Canberra, Australia · CC BY 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“population of Spodoptera litura on fenugreek started appearing from 47th SMW (0.1caterpilar/ plant) and the highest incidence was recorded during 1st SMW (2 caterpillar/ plant)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 730–906 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Serpentine leaf miner appeared in week 49 and peaked in week 2.

Interactor
serpentine leaf minerLiriomyza brassicaee0pest
Outcome
serpentine leaf minere0
Direction
peake0
Value
2.3 maggot/ plante0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Trigonella foenum-graecum
Trigonella foenum-graecum · TaxonYak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Liriomyza brassicae
Liriomyza brassicae · InteractorKen Kneidel · CC0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Fenugreek”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 84–93 · show in text ↑
e0

“serpentine leaf miner was observed from 49th SMW (0.56 maggot/ plant) and reached its peak during 2nd SMW (2.3 maggot/ plant)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 912–1037 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Flea beetles appeared in week 48 and reached highest incidence in week 1.

Interactor
flea beetlee0pest
Outcome
population of flea beetlee0
Direction
higheste0
Value
2.03 adult/ plante0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Trigonella foenum-graecum
Trigonella foenum-graecum · TaxonYak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“population of flea beetle on fenugreek started appearing from 48th SMW (0.8 adult/ plant) and the highest incidence was recorded during 1st SMW (2.03 adult/ plant)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1043–1206 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultsignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Populations of the five named pests were significantly negatively correlated with maximum and minimum temperature.

Outcome
aphid, thrips, Spodoptera litura, serpentine leaf miner and flea beetle populatione0
Direction
negative correlatione0
Qualifier
maximum temperature, minimum temperaturee0
Setting
maximum temperature, minimum temperaturee0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Trigonella foenum-graecum
Trigonella foenum-graecum · TaxonYak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Fenugreek”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 84–93 · show in text ↑
e0

“aphid, thrips, Spodoptera litura, serpentine leaf miner and flea beetle population had significant negative correlation with maximum temperature, minimum temperature”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1270–1435 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultnot significant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

The five pest populations had nonsignificant correlations with other weather parameters.

Outcome
aphid, thrips, Spodoptera litura, serpentine leaf miner and flea beetle populatione0
Setting
other remaining weather parameterse0

Not reportedDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Trigonella foenum-graecum
Trigonella foenum-graecum · TaxonYak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Fenugreek”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 84–93 · show in text ↑
e0

“aphid, thrips, Spodoptera litura, serpentine leaf miner and flea beetle population had significant negative correlation with maximum temperature, minimum temperature but non-significant with other remaining weather parameters”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1270–1495 · show in text ↑