Abstract
The study was conducted during the winter (rabi) season of 201617 and 201718 at Ludhiana, Punjab with the objective to evaluate the effect of sowing methods and seed rates on productivity, quality and economics of chicory (Cichorium intybus L.). The experiment was laid out in split-plot design keeping sowing methods, i.e. bed (1 row), bed (2 rows), ridge (1 row), ridge (2 rows), flat (60 cm) and flat (30 cm), in main plots and seed rates, i.e. 0.5, 0.75, 1.0 and 1.25 kg/ha, in subplots. Results revealed that, the higher plant population under bed (2 rows) and better yield attributes under ridge (1 row) resulted in the highest root yield and net returns. Although crop sown as flat (30 and 60 cm) also gave root yield similar to former sowing methods but roots obtained under flat sowing were physically distorted, i.e. forked and cracked. Growth, photosynthetic parameters and root yield and benefit: cost ratio showed increasing trend only up to 1.0 kg/ha seed rate but shoot yield increased linearly up to 1.5 kg/ha seed rate. Final plant population, plant height at harvesting, root length and shoot yield had direct positive effect on root yield but dry matter of root at harvesting had positive indirect effect on root yield via. plant population
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Bed sowing with two rows gave a higher plant population in chicory.
- Taxon
- chicory
Cichorium intybust0 - Treatment
- bed (2 rows)e1
- Outcome
- plant populatione1
- Direction
- highere1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“the higher plant population under bed (2 rows) and better yield attributes under ridge (1 row) resulted in the highest root yield and net returns”
t0“chicory (Cichorium intybus L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Ridge sowing with one row gave better yield attributes in chicory.
- Taxon
- chicoryCichorium intybust0
- Treatment
- ridge (1 row)e1
- Outcome
- yield attributese1
- Direction
- bettere1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“the higher plant population under bed (2 rows) and better yield attributes under ridge (1 row) resulted in the highest root yield and net returns”
t0“chicory (Cichorium intybus L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Ridge sowing with one row gave the highest root yield and net returns in chicory.
- Taxon
- chicoryCichorium intybust0
- Treatment
- ridge (1 row)e1
- Outcome
- root yield and net returnse1
- Direction
- higheste1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“the higher plant population under bed (2 rows) and better yield attributes under ridge (1 row) resulted in the highest root yield and net returns”
t0“chicory (Cichorium intybus L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Flat sowing at 30 and 60 cm gave chicory root yield similar to the other sowing methods.
- Taxon
- chicoryCichorium intybust0
- Treatment
- flat (30 and 60 cm)e1
- Outcome
- root yielde1
- Direction
- similare1
- Comparator
- former sowing methodse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Although crop sown as flat (30 and 60 cm) also gave root yield similar to former sowing methods”
t0“chicory (Cichorium intybus L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Roots of chicory sown flat were physically distorted, forked and cracked.
- Taxon
- chicoryCichorium intybust0
- Treatment
- flat sowinge1
- Outcome
- physically distortede1
- Qualifier
- forked and crackede1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“roots obtained under flat sowing were physically distorted, i.e. forked and cracked”
t0“chicory (Cichorium intybus L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Growth, photosynthetic parameters, root yield and benefit:cost ratio of chicory showed an increasing trend only up to 1.0 kg/ha seed rate.
- Taxon
- chicoryCichorium intybust0
- Treatment
- 1.0 kg/ha seed ratee1
- Outcome
- Growth, photosynthetic parameters and root yield and benefit: cost ratioe1
- Direction
- increasing trende1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Growth, photosynthetic parameters and root yield and benefit: cost ratio showed increasing trend only up to 1.0 kg/ha seed rate”
t0“chicory (Cichorium intybus L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Shoot yield of chicory increased linearly up to a seed rate of 1.5 kg/ha.
- Taxon
- chicoryCichorium intybust0
- Treatment
- 1.5 kg/ha seed ratee1
- Outcome
- shoot yielde1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Qualifier
- linearly up to 1.5 kg/hae1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“shoot yield increased linearly up to 1.5 kg/ha seed rate”
t0“chicory (Cichorium intybus L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Final plant population, plant height, root length and shoot yield had a direct positive effect on chicory root yield.
- Taxon
- chicoryCichorium intybust0
- Treatment
- Final plant population, plant height at harvesting, root length and shoot yielde1
- Outcome
- root yielde1
- Direction
- direct positive effecte1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Final plant population, plant height at harvesting, root length and shoot yield had direct positive effect on root yield”
t0“chicory (Cichorium intybus L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Dry matter of chicory roots at harvest had a positive indirect effect on root yield via plant population.
- Taxon
- chicoryCichorium intybust0
- Treatment
- dry matter of root at harvestinge1
- Outcome
- root yielde1
- Direction
- positive indirect effecte1
- Qualifier
- via. plant populatione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“dry matter of root at harvesting had positive indirect effect on root yield via. plant population”
t0“chicory (Cichorium intybus L.)”
The same questions in other papers
density · yield · Cichorium intybus (chicory)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- no effect
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.