Abstract
ABSTRACT An adequate use of brackish water in agricultural production is one of the main challenges for researchers and rural producers, since saline stress may cause physiological and nutritional changes in plants, affecting the crop yield. An appropriate mineral nutrition is essential for plants, grown under saline stress, to express their productive potential. The aim of this study was to evaluate the mineral nutrition and hydroponic kale production under saline stress and calcium nitrate. The experiment was carried out using one hydroponic system in substrate, following a randomized block design, with five treatments and four replicates. The treatments consisted of five nutrient solutions, with a control treatment {S1 = standard nutrient solution using low salinity water, 0.5 dS/m [750 mg/L of Ca(NO3)2]}, and four nutrient solutions prepared using brackish water (6.0 dS/m) containing four concentrations of Ca(NO3)2 (S2 = 750 mg/L, S3 = 1,125 mg/L, S4 = 1,500 mg/L, S5 = 1,875 mg/L). We determined the levels of N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S in leaf tissue at three evaluation times (50, 64 and 78 DAT). Mineral levels in the leaves, stem and root were also evaluated at the end of the experiment (100 DAT). In addition, leaf production and the agronomic efficiency of Ca(NO3)2 were verified. The highest leaf production (1780 g/plant) and agronomic efficiency [2.37 g fresh matter/mg of Ca(NO3)2] were obtained in the standard nutrient solution, and both were reduced at 55.6% by salinity. The extra addition of 50% Ca(NO3)2 in the saline nutrient solution reduced the effect of salinity on Mg absorption and the effect of NaCl addition on kale production.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf production of kale was highest in the standard nutrient solution (1780 g/plant).
- Taxon
- kale
Brassica oleracea var. viridise0 - Treatment
- standard nutrient solutione1
- Outcome
- leaf productione1
- Direction
- higheste1
- Value
- 1780 g/plante1
- Comparator
- brackish water (6.0 dS/m)e4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“hydroponic kale production under saline stress”
e1“The highest leaf production (1780 g/plant) and agronomic efficiency [2.37 g fresh matter/mg of Ca(NO3)2] were obtained in the standard nutrient solution”
e4“four nutrient solutions prepared using brackish water (6.0 dS/m)”
Claim · model-written summary
Agronomic efficiency of Ca(NO3)2 was highest in the standard nutrient solution (2.37 g fresh matter/mg of Ca(NO3)2).
- Taxon
- kaleBrassica oleracea var. viridise0
- Treatment
- standard nutrient solutione1
- Outcome
- agronomic efficiencye1
- Direction
- higheste1
- Value
- 2.37 g fresh matter/mg of Ca(NO3)2e1
- Comparator
- brackish water (6.0 dS/m)e4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“hydroponic kale production under saline stress”
e1“The highest leaf production (1780 g/plant) and agronomic efficiency [2.37 g fresh matter/mg of Ca(NO3)2] were obtained in the standard nutrient solution”
e4“four nutrient solutions prepared using brackish water (6.0 dS/m)”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity reduced kale leaf production by 55.6% relative to the standard nutrient solution.
- Taxon
- kaleBrassica oleracea var. viridise0
- Treatment
- salinitye2
- Outcome
- leaf productione1
- Direction
- reducede2
- Value
- 55.6%e2
- Comparator
- standard nutrient solutione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“hydroponic kale production under saline stress”
e1“The highest leaf production (1780 g/plant) and agronomic efficiency [2.37 g fresh matter/mg of Ca(NO3)2] were obtained in the standard nutrient solution”
e2“both were reduced at 55.6% by salinity”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity reduced agronomic efficiency of Ca(NO3)2 by 55.6% relative to the standard nutrient solution.
- Taxon
- kaleBrassica oleracea var. viridise0
- Treatment
- salinitye2
- Outcome
- agronomic efficiencye1
- Direction
- reducede2
- Value
- 55.6%e2
- Comparator
- standard nutrient solutione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“hydroponic kale production under saline stress”
e1“The highest leaf production (1780 g/plant) and agronomic efficiency [2.37 g fresh matter/mg of Ca(NO3)2] were obtained in the standard nutrient solution”
e2“both were reduced at 55.6% by salinity”
Claim · model-written summary
An extra 50% Ca(NO3)2 addition in saline solution reduced the effect of salinity on Mg absorption.
- Taxon
- kaleBrassica oleracea var. viridise0
- Treatment
- extra addition of 50% Ca(NO3)2e3
- Outcome
- effect of salinity on Mg absorptione3
- Direction
- reducede3
- Comparator
- saline nutrient solutione3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“hydroponic kale production under saline stress”
e3“The extra addition of 50% Ca(NO3)2 in the saline nutrient solution reduced the effect of salinity on Mg absorption and the effect of NaCl addition on kale production”
Claim · model-written summary
An extra 50% Ca(NO3)2 addition in saline solution reduced the effect of NaCl addition on kale production.
- Taxon
- kaleBrassica oleracea var. viridise0
- Treatment
- extra addition of 50% Ca(NO3)2e3
- Outcome
- effect of NaCl addition on kale productione3
- Direction
- reducede3
- Comparator
- saline nutrient solutione3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“hydroponic kale production under saline stress”
e3“The extra addition of 50% Ca(NO3)2 in the saline nutrient solution reduced the effect of salinity on Mg absorption and the effect of NaCl addition on kale production”
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