Abstract
Introduction Tobacco black shank is a devastating soil-borne disease caused by the oomycete Phytophthora nicotianae , severely hamper tobacco production worldwide. However, the synergistic effect of biocontrol bacteria and marine polysaccharides/oligosaccharides on tobacco black shank control was few documented. Methods In this study, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens CAS02 (CAS02) and chitooligosaccharide (COS) were screened firstly, and their synergistic antagonistic effect against P. nicotianae and the underlying mechanism were investigated in vitro and in vivo . Results In vitro experiments showed that, compared with the application of CAS02 or COS alone, co-application of CAS02 and COS significantly increased the inhibition rate against P. nicotianae by 11.67% and 63.31%, respectively. Furthermore, co-application of CAS02 and COS disrupted the structure of mycelia to a greater extent. The co-application of CAS02 and COS showed synergistic effect, with the relative control effect maintained above 60% during the 60-day pot experiment, significantly higher than that of application CAS02 or COS alone. The combined application of CAS02 and COS reduced the relative abundance of P. nicotianae in the rhizosphere soil and increased the relative abundance of bacterial taxa potentially involved in disease suppression, such as Nocardioides , Devosia and Bradyrhizobium . Meanwhile, CAS02 and COS synergistically activated salicylic acid ( SA ), ethylene ( ET ), and hypersensitive response ( HR ) defense signaling pathways in tobacco plants. Discussion Our findings demonstrate that co-application of CAS02 and COS remarkably improve the relative control effect against tobacco black shank through multiple pathways and provide a promising strategy for the efficient green control of tobacco black shank.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
In vitro, co-application of CAS02 and COS increased the inhibition rate against P. nicotianae by 11.67% compared with the application of CAS02 alone.
- Taxon
- tobacco
Nicotiana tabacumt0 - Treatment
- co-application of CAS02 and COSe1
- Interactor
- P. nicotianae
Phytophthora nicotianaee1pathogen - Second interactor
- Bacillus amyloliquefaciens CAS02
.jpg?width=60)
Bacillus amyloliquefaciense0biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- inhibition rate against P. nicotianaee1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 11.67%e1
- Comparator
- application of CAS02e1
- Setting
- In vitroe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“tobacco black shank”
e0“Bacillus amyloliquefaciens CAS02 (CAS02) and chitooligosaccharide (COS) were screened firstly”
e1“In vitro experiments showed that, compared with the application of CAS02 or COS alone, co-application of CAS02 and COS significantly increased the inhibition rate against P. nicotianae by 11.67% and 63.31%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
In vitro, co-application of CAS02 and COS increased the inhibition rate against P. nicotianae by 63.31% compared with COS alone.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Treatment
- co-application of CAS02 and COSe1
- Interactor
- P. nicotianaePhytophthora nicotianaee1pathogen
- Second interactor
- Bacillus amyloliquefaciens CAS02Bacillus amyloliquefaciense0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- inhibition rate against P. nicotianaee1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 63.31%e1
- Comparator
- COS alonee1
- Setting
- In vitroe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tobacco black shank”
e0“Bacillus amyloliquefaciens CAS02 (CAS02) and chitooligosaccharide (COS) were screened firstly”
e1“In vitro experiments showed that, compared with the application of CAS02 or COS alone, co-application of CAS02 and COS significantly increased the inhibition rate against P. nicotianae by 11.67% and 63.31%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Co-application of CAS02 and COS maintained the relative control effect above 60% during a 60-day pot experiment.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Treatment
- co-application of CAS02 and COSe2
- Outcome
- relative control effecte2
- Direction
- maintainede2
- Value
- above 60%e2
- Setting
- 60-day pot experimente2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tobacco black shank”
e2“The co-application of CAS02 and COS showed synergistic effect, with the relative control effect maintained above 60% during the 60-day pot experiment”
Claim · model-written summary
Co-application of CAS02 and COS gave a significantly higher relative control effect than CAS02 or COS alone.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Treatment
- co-application of CAS02 and COSe2
- Outcome
- relative control effecte2
- Direction
- highere3
- Comparator
- application CAS02 or COS alonee3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tobacco black shank”
e2“The co-application of CAS02 and COS showed synergistic effect, with the relative control effect maintained above 60% during the 60-day pot experiment”
e3“significantly higher than that of application CAS02 or COS alone”
Claim · model-written summary
Co-application of CAS02 and COS disrupted the structure of mycelia to a greater extent.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Treatment
- co-application of CAS02 and COSe4
- Outcome
- structure of myceliae4
- Direction
- disruptede4
- Qualifier
- to a greater extente4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tobacco black shank”
e4“co-application of CAS02 and COS disrupted the structure of mycelia to a greater extent”
Claim · model-written summary
CAS02 and COS synergistically activated salicylic acid, ethylene and hypersensitive response defense signaling pathways in tobacco plants.
- Taxon
- tobacco plantsNicotiana tabacume5
- Treatment
- CAS02 and COSe5
- Outcome
- defense signaling pathwayse5
- Direction
- activatede5
- Qualifier
- salicylic acid ( SA ), ethylene ( ET ), and hypersensitive response ( HR )e5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tobacco black shank”
e5“CAS02 and COS synergistically activated salicylic acid ( SA ), ethylene ( ET ), and hypersensitive response ( HR ) defense signaling pathways in tobacco plants”
Claim · model-written summary
The combined application of CAS02 and COS reduced the relative abundance of P. nicotianae in the rhizosphere soil.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Treatment
- combined application of CAS02 and COSe6
- Interactor
- P. nicotianaePhytophthora nicotianaee6pathogen
- Outcome
- relative abundance of P. nicotianaee6
- Direction
- reducede6
- Setting
- rhizosphere soile6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tobacco black shank”
e6“The combined application of CAS02 and COS reduced the relative abundance of P. nicotianae in the rhizosphere soil”
Claim · model-written summary
Co-application of CAS02 and COS increased the relative abundance of bacterial taxa potentially involved in disease suppression.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Outcome
- relative abundance of bacterial taxae7
- Direction
- increasede7
- Qualifier
- potentially involved in disease suppressione7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tobacco black shank”
e7“increased the relative abundance of bacterial taxa potentially involved in disease suppression, such as Nocardioides , Devosia and Bradyrhizobium”
The same questions in other papers
chitooligosaccharide · Phytophthora nicotianae · Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.