Abstract
This investigation was conducted during two experimental seasons of 2020/2021 and 2021/2022 to explore the impact of fertilization (farmyard manure at rats 0, 10, 15 and 20 m³/fed., plus half-recommended dose of NPK fertilizer) and bio-fertilizers (seed inoculation with a mixture of bacteria; Azospirillum chroococcum, Bacillus megatherium var. phosphaticum, Bacillus circulans and/or arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi), as well as their interactions on growth, yield, and coriander volatile oil. Results showed a significant increase in plant growth traits, i.e., plant height, branches number, fresh and dry weight of plant, yield components, i.e., number of umbels per plant, seed yield per plant and per feddan, as well as volatile oil production. Treating plants with a high rate of farmyard manure registered the highest values of parameters under study. Also, adding a mixture of bacteria; A. chroococcum, B. megatherium var. phosphaticum, B. circulans with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi proved to be more effective in increasing the previously studied traits. The tested characteristics were significantly affected by the interaction treatments. Also, most combined treatments significantly enhanced all examined traits. Moreover, farmyard manure at a high rate (20 m3/fed.) plus inoculation coriander seeds with mixed bacteria and mycorrhizal fungi were the most effective treatments. The main constituents of volatile oil were also affected by farmyard manure and bio-fertilizers applications. In general, the combination of farmyard manure at a high rate (20 m3/fed.) plus inoculation of seeds by mixed bacteria and mycorrhizal fungi increased percentages of main components of volatile oil compared to untreated plants.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilization and bio-fertilizers significantly increased coriander growth traits.
- Taxon
- coriander plants
Coriandrum sativumt0 - Treatment
- organic and bio-fertilizer treatmentst0
- Outcome
- plant height, branches number, fresh and dry weight of plante0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Results showed a significant increase in plant growth traits, i.e., plant height, branches number, fresh and dry weight of plant”
t0“coriander plants to some organic and bio-fertilizer treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatments significantly increased yield components.
- Taxon
- coriander plantsCoriandrum sativumt0
- Treatment
- organic and bio-fertilizer treatmentst0
- Outcome
- number of umbels per plant, seed yield per plant and per feddane0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“yield components, i.e., number of umbels per plant, seed yield per plant and per feddan”
t0“coriander plants to some organic and bio-fertilizer treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatments significantly increased volatile oil production.
- Taxon
- coriander plantsCoriandrum sativumt0
- Treatment
- organic and bio-fertilizer treatmentst0
- Outcome
- volatile oil productione0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“as well as volatile oil production.”
t0“coriander plants to some organic and bio-fertilizer treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
High-rate farmyard manure gave the highest measured trait values.
- Taxon
- coriander plantsCoriandrum sativumt0
- Treatment
- high rate of farmyard manuree0
- Outcome
- parameters under studye0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Treating plants with a high rate of farmyard manure registered the highest values of parameters under study.”
t0“coriander plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined bacterial and mycorrhizal inoculation increased the studied traits more effectively.
- Taxon
- coriander plantsCoriandrum sativumt0
- Treatment
- adding a mixture of bacteria; A. chroococcum, B. megatherium var. phosphaticum, B. circulans with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungie0
- Interactor
- arbuscular mycorrhizal fungie0symbiont
- Second interactor
- A. chroococcume0symbiont
- Outcome
- previously studied traitse0
- Direction
- increasinge0
- Qualifier
- B. megatherium var. phosphaticum, B. circulanse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“adding a mixture of bacteria; A. chroococcum, B. megatherium var. phosphaticum, B. circulans with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi proved to be more effective in increasing the previously studied traits.”
t0“coriander plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Interaction treatments significantly affected the tested traits.
- Taxon
- coriander plantsCoriandrum sativumt0
- Treatment
- interaction treatmentse0
- Outcome
- tested characteristicse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The tested characteristics were significantly affected by the interaction treatments.”
t0“coriander plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Most combined treatments significantly enhanced all examined traits.
- Taxon
- coriander plantsCoriandrum sativumt0
- Treatment
- combined treatmentse0
- Outcome
- all examined traitse0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“most combined treatments significantly enhanced all examined traits.”
t0“coriander plants”
Claim · model-written summary
High-rate manure with mixed bacteria and mycorrhizal fungi was most effective.
- Taxon
- corianderCoriandrum sativume0
- Treatment
- farmyard manure at a high rate (20 m3/fed.) plus inoculation coriander seeds with mixed bacteria and mycorrhizal fungie0
- Interactor
- mycorrhizal fungie0symbiont
- Outcome
- most effective treatmentse0
- Direction
- most effectivee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“farmyard manure at a high rate (20 m3/fed.) plus inoculation coriander seeds with mixed bacteria and mycorrhizal fungi were the most effective treatments.”
t0“coriander plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Manure and bio-fertilizer applications affected the main volatile oil constituents.
- Taxon
- coriander plantsCoriandrum sativumt0
- Treatment
- farmyard manure and bio-fertilizers applicationse0
- Outcome
- main constituents of volatile oile0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The main constituents of volatile oil were also affected by farmyard manure and bio-fertilizers applications.”
t0“coriander plants”
Claim · model-written summary
High-rate manure plus microbial inoculation increased percentages of major volatile oil components versus untreated plants.
- Taxon
- coriander plantsCoriandrum sativumt0
- Treatment
- combination of farmyard manure at a high rate (20 m3/fed.) plus inoculation of seeds by mixed bacteria and mycorrhizal fungie0
- Interactor
- mycorrhizal fungie0symbiont
- Outcome
- percentages of main components of volatile oile0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- untreated plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the combination of farmyard manure at a high rate (20 m3/fed.) plus inoculation of seeds by mixed bacteria and mycorrhizal fungi increased percentages of main components of volatile oil compared to untreated plants.”
t0“coriander plants”
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