Abstract
ABSTRACT This study aimed to investigate the effects of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum ( L. plantarum ) or Lentilactobacillus buchneri ( L. buchneri ) on the fermentation characteristics and microbial community of oat silages in response to additives. The oat was harvested at the milk stage of maturity and was chopped into 30 mm in size. Then, the oat was treated with distilled water (control, CON treatment), L. buchneri , and L. plantarum ; the addition of L. buchneri and L. plantarum was in 1 × 106 colony-forming units/g of fresh matter and stored at room temperature (25°C). Results showed that the addition of L. plantarum inoculations could increase the lactic acid concentrations of oat silages compared with the control, and the addition of L. buchneri could increase the acetic acid concentrations, whereas the addition of L. plantarum could decrease the fiber contents and increase the crude protein content. The Shannon index of bacterial community was markedly ( P < 0.05) lower in the L. buchneri - and L. plantarum -treated oat silages, and the Shannon index of fungal community was significantly ( P < 0.05) higher in L. buchneri - and L. plantarum -treated oat silages compared with the CON treatment for 7 and 10 days of ensiling. From 7 to 90 days of ensiling, Lactobacillus was the dominant genus during the whole fermentation process in the three treatments. The homofermentative L. plantarum regulated the fermentation quality and microbial community by enhancing the Emden–Meyerhoff pathway, phosphoketolase pathway, and pentosephosphate pathway, and the heterofermentative L. buchneri modulated the ensiling performance and microbial community via improving the pentosephosphate pathway. These results suggested that the addition of lactic acid bacteria could improve the ensiling performance by regulating the microbial community in oat silage, and L. plantarum was more beneficial than L. buchneri for enhancing the fermentation quality. IMPORTANCE Ensiled whole-plant oats are an important feedstuff for ruminants in large parts of the world. Oat silage is rich in dietary fibers, minerals, vitamins, and phytochemicals beneficial to animal health. The fermentation of oat silage is a complex biochemical process that includes interactions between various microorganisms. The activity of many microbes in silage may cause an extensive breakdown of nutrition and lead to undesirable fermentation. Moreover, it is difficult to make high-quality oat silage because the number of epiphytic lactic acid bacterium microflora was lower than the requirement. Understanding the complex microbial community during the fermentation process and its relationship with community functions is therefore important in the context of developing improved fermentation biotechnology systems. These results suggested that the addition of Lactobacillus plantarum or Lactobacillus buchneri regulated the ensiling performance and microbial community in oat silage by shaping the metabolic pathways.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Adding L. plantarum increased lactic acid concentrations of oat silage compared with the control.
- Taxon
- oat
Avena sativae0 - Treatment
- addition of L. plantarum inoculationse0
- Interactor
- L. plantarumLactiplantibacillus plantarume0other
- Outcome
- lactic acid concentrationse0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Comparator
- the controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the addition of L. plantarum inoculations could increase the lactic acid concentrations of oat silages compared with the control”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding L. buchneri increased acetic acid concentrations of oat silage.
- Taxon
- oatAvena sativat0
- Treatment
- addition of L. buchnerie0
- Interactor
- L. buchneriLentilactobacillus buchnerie0other
- Outcome
- acetic acid concentrationse0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“oat silage”
e0“the addition of L. buchneri could increase the acetic acid concentrations”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding L. plantarum decreased fiber contents of oat silage.
- Taxon
- oatAvena sativat0
- Treatment
- addition of L. plantarume0
- Interactor
- L. plantarumLactiplantibacillus plantarume0other
- Outcome
- fiber contentse0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“oat silage”
e0“the addition of L. plantarum could decrease the fiber contents”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding L. plantarum increased the crude protein content of oat silage.
- Taxon
- oatAvena sativat0
- Treatment
- addition of L. plantarume0
- Interactor
- L. plantarumLactiplantibacillus plantarume0other
- Outcome
- crude protein contente0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“oat silage”
e0“the addition of L. plantarum could decrease the fiber contents and increase the crude protein content”
Claim · model-written summary
The Shannon index of the bacterial community was significantly lower in oat silages treated with L. buchneri and with L. plantarum.
- Taxon
- oatAvena sativae0
- Treatment
- L. buchneri - and L. plantarum -treatede0
- Outcome
- Shannon index of bacterial communitye0
- Direction
- lowere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The Shannon index of bacterial community was markedly ( P < 0.05) lower in the L. buchneri - and L. plantarum -treated oat silages”
Claim · model-written summary
The Shannon index of the fungal community was significantly higher in oat silages treated with L. buchneri and with L. plantarum than in the control at 7 and 10 days of ensiling.
- Taxon
- oatAvena sativae0
- Treatment
- L. buchneri - and L. plantarum -treatede0
- Outcome
- Shannon index of fungal communitye0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- 7 and 10 days of ensilinge0
- Comparator
- CON treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the Shannon index of fungal community was significantly ( P < 0.05) higher in L. buchneri - and L. plantarum -treated oat silages compared with the CON treatment for 7 and 10 days of ensiling”
Claim · model-written summary
Lactobacillus was the dominant genus throughout fermentation in all three treatments of oat silage, from 7 to 90 days of ensiling.
- Taxon
- oatAvena sativat0
- Outcome
- Lactobacillus was the dominant genuse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“oat silage”
e0“Lactobacillus was the dominant genus during the whole fermentation process in the three treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
The homofermentative L. plantarum is asserted to have regulated fermentation quality and microbial community of oat silage by enhancing the Emden-Meyerhoff, phosphoketolase and pentosephosphate pathways.
- Taxon
- oatAvena sativat0
- Treatment
- L. plantarume0
- Outcome
- fermentation quality and microbial communitye0
- Qualifier
- enhancing the Emden–Meyerhoff pathway, phosphoketolase pathway, and pentosephosphate pathwaye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“oat silage”
e0“The homofermentative L. plantarum regulated the fermentation quality and microbial community by enhancing the Emden–Meyerhoff pathway, phosphoketolase pathway, and pentosephosphate pathway”
Claim · model-written summary
The heterofermentative L. buchneri is asserted to have modulated ensiling performance and microbial community of oat silage by improving the pentosephosphate pathway.
- Taxon
- oatAvena sativat0
- Treatment
- L. buchnerie0
- Outcome
- ensiling performance and microbial communitye0
- Qualifier
- improving the pentosephosphate pathwaye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“oat silage”
e0“the heterofermentative L. buchneri modulated the ensiling performance and microbial community via improving the pentosephosphate pathway”
Claim · model-written summary
L. plantarum was more beneficial than L. buchneri for enhancing the fermentation quality of oat silage.
- Taxon
- oatAvena sativat0
- Treatment
- L. plantarume0
- Outcome
- fermentation qualitye0
- Direction
- more beneficiale0
- Comparator
- L. buchnerie0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“oat silage”
e0“L. plantarum was more beneficial than L. buchneri for enhancing the fermentation quality”
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- no effect
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5 papers more in this group
See all 9 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.