Abstract
Osmotic stress is a serious physiological disorder that affects water movement within the cell membranes. Osmotic stress adversely affects agricultural production and sustainability and is largely caused by soil salinity and water stress. An integrated nitrogen-fixing bacteria (NFB) soil amendment and an exogenous foliar application of Aloe vera leaf extract (ALE), and moringa leaf extract (MLE) were evaluated on roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) growth, calyx yield, secondary metabolites, and tolerance to osmotic stress in salt-affected soil. The osmotic stress markedly decreased above- and below-ground development of the roselle plant, but integrated NFB soil amendment with ALE or MLE foliar application significantly alleviated its negative impacts. Broadly, an improvement was observed in chlorophyll, carbohydrates, and protein levels following NFB and extracts foliar application, as well as a significant enhancement in antioxidant production (total phenols, ascorbic acid, and FRAP), which decreased peroxide production and increased stress tolerance in plants. Under osmotic stress, the roselle calyx revealed the highest anthocyanin levels, which declined following NFB soil amendment and foliar extract application. Additionally, an enhancement in nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) contents and the K/Na ratio, along with a depression in sodium (Na) content, was noticed. The integrated application of Azospirillum lipoferum × ALE exhibited the best results in terms of enhancing above- and below-ground growth, calyx yield, secondary metabolites, and tolerance to osmotic stress of the roselle plants cultivated in the salt-affected soil.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Osmotic stress reduced roselle above- and below-ground development.
- Taxon
- roselle
Hibiscus sabdariffae0 - Treatment
- osmotic stresse0
- Outcome
- above- and below-ground developmente0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The osmotic stress markedly decreased above- and below-ground development of the roselle plant”
Claim · model-written summary
NFB with ALE alleviated stress effects on roselle development.
- Taxon
- roselleHibiscus sabdariffae1
- Treatment
- NFB soil amendment with ALEe0
- Interactor
- NFBe0symbiont
- Outcome
- negative impactse0
- Direction
- alleviatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“integrated NFB soil amendment with ALE or MLE foliar application significantly alleviated its negative impacts.”
e1“roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
NFB with MLE alleviated stress effects on roselle development.
- Taxon
- roselleHibiscus sabdariffae1
- Treatment
- NFB soil amendment with ALE or MLE foliar applicatione0
- Interactor
- NFBe0symbiont
- Outcome
- negative impactse0
- Direction
- alleviatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“integrated NFB soil amendment with ALE or MLE foliar application significantly alleviated its negative impacts.”
e1“roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
NFB and leaf extracts improved chlorophyll, carbohydrates and protein levels.
- Taxon
- roselleHibiscus sabdariffae1
- Treatment
- NFB and extracts foliar applicatione0
- Interactor
- NFBe0symbiont
- Outcome
- chlorophyll, carbohydrates, and protein levelse0
- Direction
- improvemente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“an improvement was observed in chlorophyll, carbohydrates, and protein levels following NFB and extracts foliar application”
e1“roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The applications enhanced antioxidant production.
- Taxon
- roselleHibiscus sabdariffae2
- Treatment
- NFB and extracts foliar applicatione1
- Interactor
- NFBe1symbiont
- Outcome
- antioxidant production (total phenols, ascorbic acid, and FRAP)e0
- Direction
- enhancemente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a significant enhancement in antioxidant production (total phenols, ascorbic acid, and FRAP)”
e1“NFB and extracts foliar application”
e2“roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Antioxidant production decreased peroxide production and increased stress tolerance.
- Taxon
- roselleHibiscus sabdariffae2
- Outcome
- peroxide production and increased stress tolerancee0
- Qualifier
- antioxidant productione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“which decreased peroxide production and increased stress tolerance in plants.”
e1“a significant enhancement in antioxidant production”
e2“roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Under stress, roselle calyces had the highest anthocyanin levels.
- Taxon
- roselleHibiscus sabdariffae0
- Organ / stage
- calyxe0
- Outcome
- anthocyanin levelse0
- Direction
- higheste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under osmotic stress, the roselle calyx revealed the highest anthocyanin levels”
Claim · model-written summary
NFB and foliar extracts reduced calyx anthocyanin levels.
- Taxon
- roselleHibiscus sabdariffae1
- Treatment
- NFB soil amendment and foliar extract applicatione0
- Interactor
- NFBe0symbiont
- Outcome
- anthocyanin levelse0
- Direction
- declinede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“anthocyanin levels, which declined following NFB soil amendment and foliar extract application.”
e1“the roselle calyx”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content and the K/Na ratio increased.
- Taxon
- roselleHibiscus sabdariffae1
- Outcome
- nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) contents and the K/Na ratioe0
- Direction
- enhancemente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“an enhancement in nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) contents and the K/Na ratio”
e1“roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Sodium content declined.
- Taxon
- roselleHibiscus sabdariffae1
- Outcome
- sodium (Na) contente0
- Direction
- depressione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a depression in sodium (Na) content”
e1“roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Azospirillum lipoferum with ALE gave the best growth, yield, secondary metabolite and stress tolerance results.
- Taxon
- roselleHibiscus sabdariffae0
- Treatment
- Azospirillum lipoferum × ALEe0
- Interactor
- Azospirillum lipoferumAzospirillum lipoferume0symbiont
- Outcome
- above- and below-ground growth, calyx yield, secondary metabolites, and tolerance to osmotic stresse0
- Direction
- beste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The integrated application of Azospirillum lipoferum × ALE exhibited the best results in terms of enhancing above- and below-ground growth, calyx yield, secondary metabolites, and tolerance to osmotic stress of the roselle plants cultivated in the salt-affected soil.”
The same questions in other papers
botanical · quality: phytochemicals · Hibiscus sabdariffa (roselle)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
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1 paper in the same direction as this paper
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- positive
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application · quality: phytochemicals · Hibiscus sabdariffa (roselle)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
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- positive
drought · growth · Hibiscus sabdariffa (roselle)Results agree
4 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- negative
- negative
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.