Abstract
Due to the importance of improving salt-affected soils in Egypt's agricultural security policy, a field experiment was conducted in the winter season of 2021/2022 at Kom Abou-Khallad village, Nasser City, Beni-Suef Governorate, Egypt, aiming to determine the impact of various amendments with two-tillage systems on certain properties of salt-affected soil, as well as the growth and productivity of alfalfa plants. Different amelioration techniques were applied using soil conditioners (natural gypsum, modified cement dust, phosphogypsum, and filter mud) that were carried out under two tillage systems, namely, shallow and deep (subsoil). The results show that subsoil tillage decreased bulk density, penetration resistance, pH, EC, and ESP and increased total porosity, hydraulic conductivity, available water and soil organic matter as well as increased the fresh and dry yield of alfalfa plants and protein (%), N, P and K uptake in alfalfa shoots. Treated alfalfa plants cultivated in salt-affected soil with soil conditioners, especially filter mud (FM1) at a rate of 100% G.R resulted in a decreased hazardous effect of salinity by improving soil properties, which consequently increased its productivity.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Subsoil tillage decreased soil bulk density.
- Taxon
- Alfalfa
Medicago sativat0 - Treatment
- subsoil tillagee0
- Outcome
- bulk densitye0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Comparator
- shallowe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The results show that subsoil tillage decreased bulk density, penetration resistance, pH, EC, and ESP and increased total porosity, hydraulic conductivity, available water and soil organic matter as well as increased the fresh and dry yield of alfalfa plants and protein (%), N, P and K uptake in alfalfa shoots.”
e1“Different amelioration techniques were applied using soil conditioners (natural gypsum, modified cement dust, phosphogypsum, and filter mud) that were carried out under two tillage systems, namely, shallow and deep (subsoil).”
t0“Alfalfa”
Claim · model-written summary
Subsoil tillage decreased soil penetration resistance.
- Taxon
- AlfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Treatment
- subsoil tillagee0
- Outcome
- penetration resistancee0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Comparator
- shallowe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The results show that subsoil tillage decreased bulk density, penetration resistance, pH, EC, and ESP and increased total porosity, hydraulic conductivity, available water and soil organic matter as well as increased the fresh and dry yield of alfalfa plants and protein (%), N, P and K uptake in alfalfa shoots.”
e1“Different amelioration techniques were applied using soil conditioners (natural gypsum, modified cement dust, phosphogypsum, and filter mud) that were carried out under two tillage systems, namely, shallow and deep (subsoil).”
t0“Alfalfa”
Claim · model-written summary
Subsoil tillage decreased soil pH.
- Taxon
- AlfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Treatment
- subsoil tillagee0
- Outcome
- pHe0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Comparator
- shallowe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The results show that subsoil tillage decreased bulk density, penetration resistance, pH, EC, and ESP and increased total porosity, hydraulic conductivity, available water and soil organic matter as well as increased the fresh and dry yield of alfalfa plants and protein (%), N, P and K uptake in alfalfa shoots.”
e1“Different amelioration techniques were applied using soil conditioners (natural gypsum, modified cement dust, phosphogypsum, and filter mud) that were carried out under two tillage systems, namely, shallow and deep (subsoil).”
t0“Alfalfa”
Claim · model-written summary
Subsoil tillage decreased soil EC.
- Taxon
- AlfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Treatment
- subsoil tillagee0
- Outcome
- ECe0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Comparator
- shallowe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The results show that subsoil tillage decreased bulk density, penetration resistance, pH, EC, and ESP and increased total porosity, hydraulic conductivity, available water and soil organic matter as well as increased the fresh and dry yield of alfalfa plants and protein (%), N, P and K uptake in alfalfa shoots.”
e1“Different amelioration techniques were applied using soil conditioners (natural gypsum, modified cement dust, phosphogypsum, and filter mud) that were carried out under two tillage systems, namely, shallow and deep (subsoil).”
t0“Alfalfa”
Claim · model-written summary
Subsoil tillage decreased soil ESP.
- Taxon
- AlfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Treatment
- subsoil tillagee0
- Outcome
- ESPe0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Comparator
- shallowe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The results show that subsoil tillage decreased bulk density, penetration resistance, pH, EC, and ESP and increased total porosity, hydraulic conductivity, available water and soil organic matter as well as increased the fresh and dry yield of alfalfa plants and protein (%), N, P and K uptake in alfalfa shoots.”
e1“Different amelioration techniques were applied using soil conditioners (natural gypsum, modified cement dust, phosphogypsum, and filter mud) that were carried out under two tillage systems, namely, shallow and deep (subsoil).”
t0“Alfalfa”
Claim · model-written summary
Subsoil tillage increased soil total porosity.
- Taxon
- AlfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Treatment
- subsoil tillagee0
- Outcome
- total porositye0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- shallowe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The results show that subsoil tillage decreased bulk density, penetration resistance, pH, EC, and ESP and increased total porosity, hydraulic conductivity, available water and soil organic matter as well as increased the fresh and dry yield of alfalfa plants and protein (%), N, P and K uptake in alfalfa shoots.”
e1“Different amelioration techniques were applied using soil conditioners (natural gypsum, modified cement dust, phosphogypsum, and filter mud) that were carried out under two tillage systems, namely, shallow and deep (subsoil).”
t0“Alfalfa”
Claim · model-written summary
Subsoil tillage increased soil hydraulic conductivity.
- Taxon
- AlfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Treatment
- subsoil tillagee0
- Outcome
- hydraulic conductivitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- shallowe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The results show that subsoil tillage decreased bulk density, penetration resistance, pH, EC, and ESP and increased total porosity, hydraulic conductivity, available water and soil organic matter as well as increased the fresh and dry yield of alfalfa plants and protein (%), N, P and K uptake in alfalfa shoots.”
e1“Different amelioration techniques were applied using soil conditioners (natural gypsum, modified cement dust, phosphogypsum, and filter mud) that were carried out under two tillage systems, namely, shallow and deep (subsoil).”
t0“Alfalfa”
Claim · model-written summary
Subsoil tillage increased soil available water.
- Taxon
- AlfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Treatment
- subsoil tillagee0
- Outcome
- available watere0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- shallowe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The results show that subsoil tillage decreased bulk density, penetration resistance, pH, EC, and ESP and increased total porosity, hydraulic conductivity, available water and soil organic matter as well as increased the fresh and dry yield of alfalfa plants and protein (%), N, P and K uptake in alfalfa shoots.”
e1“Different amelioration techniques were applied using soil conditioners (natural gypsum, modified cement dust, phosphogypsum, and filter mud) that were carried out under two tillage systems, namely, shallow and deep (subsoil).”
t0“Alfalfa”
Claim · model-written summary
Subsoil tillage increased soil soil organic matter.
- Taxon
- AlfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Treatment
- subsoil tillagee0
- Outcome
- soil organic mattere0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- shallowe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The results show that subsoil tillage decreased bulk density, penetration resistance, pH, EC, and ESP and increased total porosity, hydraulic conductivity, available water and soil organic matter as well as increased the fresh and dry yield of alfalfa plants and protein (%), N, P and K uptake in alfalfa shoots.”
e1“Different amelioration techniques were applied using soil conditioners (natural gypsum, modified cement dust, phosphogypsum, and filter mud) that were carried out under two tillage systems, namely, shallow and deep (subsoil).”
t0“Alfalfa”
Claim · model-written summary
Subsoil tillage increased alfalfa fresh and dry yield.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae0
- Organ / stage
- alfalfa shootse0
- Treatment
- subsoil tillagee0
- Outcome
- fresh and dry yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- shallowe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The results show that subsoil tillage decreased bulk density, penetration resistance, pH, EC, and ESP and increased total porosity, hydraulic conductivity, available water and soil organic matter as well as increased the fresh and dry yield of alfalfa plants and protein (%), N, P and K uptake in alfalfa shoots.”
e1“Different amelioration techniques were applied using soil conditioners (natural gypsum, modified cement dust, phosphogypsum, and filter mud) that were carried out under two tillage systems, namely, shallow and deep (subsoil).”
Claim · model-written summary
Subsoil tillage increased alfalfa protein (%).
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae0
- Organ / stage
- alfalfa shootse0
- Treatment
- subsoil tillagee0
- Outcome
- protein (%)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- shallowe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The results show that subsoil tillage decreased bulk density, penetration resistance, pH, EC, and ESP and increased total porosity, hydraulic conductivity, available water and soil organic matter as well as increased the fresh and dry yield of alfalfa plants and protein (%), N, P and K uptake in alfalfa shoots.”
e1“Different amelioration techniques were applied using soil conditioners (natural gypsum, modified cement dust, phosphogypsum, and filter mud) that were carried out under two tillage systems, namely, shallow and deep (subsoil).”
Claim · model-written summary
Subsoil tillage increased alfalfa N, P and K uptake.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae0
- Organ / stage
- alfalfa shootse0
- Treatment
- subsoil tillagee0
- Outcome
- N, P and K uptakee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- shallowe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The results show that subsoil tillage decreased bulk density, penetration resistance, pH, EC, and ESP and increased total porosity, hydraulic conductivity, available water and soil organic matter as well as increased the fresh and dry yield of alfalfa plants and protein (%), N, P and K uptake in alfalfa shoots.”
e1“Different amelioration techniques were applied using soil conditioners (natural gypsum, modified cement dust, phosphogypsum, and filter mud) that were carried out under two tillage systems, namely, shallow and deep (subsoil).”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil conditioners, especially filter mud at 100% G.R, reduced the hazardous effect of salinity on alfalfa.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae0
- Treatment
- filter mud (FM1) at a rate of 100% G.Re0
- Outcome
- hazardous effect of salinitye0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Treated alfalfa plants cultivated in salt-affected soil with soil conditioners, especially filter mud (FM1) at a rate of 100% G.R resulted in a decreased hazardous effect of salinity by improving soil properties, which consequently increased its productivity.”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil conditioners, especially filter mud at 100% G.R, increased alfalfa productivity.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae0
- Treatment
- filter mud (FM1) at a rate of 100% G.Re0
- Outcome
- productivitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Treated alfalfa plants cultivated in salt-affected soil with soil conditioners, especially filter mud (FM1) at a rate of 100% G.R resulted in a decreased hazardous effect of salinity by improving soil properties, which consequently increased its productivity.”
The same questions in other papers
tillage · quality: protein · Medicago sativa (alfalfa)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- negative
tillage · nutrient: content · Medicago sativa (alfalfa)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
tillage · yield · Medicago sativa (alfalfa)Positive and negative results
10 papers in the same direction as this paper · 6 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- no effect
- negative
15 papers more in this group
See all 19 papers →tillage · soil: physics · Medicago sativa (alfalfa)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.