Paper · 2023 · Agricultural Water Management

Mulched drip irrigation and maize straw biochar increase peanut yield by regulating soil nitrogen, photosynthesis and root in arid regions

Junxiao Zhang; Xiaowei Liu; Qi Wu; et al.

16
claims
36
verbatim quotes
28
citations
2
research areas
✓
Open access · cc-by-nc-nd

Abstract

Biochar has been increasingly recognized as a valuable soil conditioner, which is beneficial to peanut yield improvement. We conducted a three-year field experiment to investigate the effect of biochar applied at three rates (0 t ha−1 (B0), 24 t ha−1 (B1), and 48 t ha−1 (B2), which were 0%, 1%, 2% of the soil mass) on diurnal variation of net photosynthetic rate, soil available nitrogen (N), root characteristics, and peanut yield under two irrigation methods: CK (drip irrigation) and MDI (mulched drip irrigation). A biochar application rate of 24 t ha−1 (B1) increased soil available N, net photosynthetic rate of leaves, and relative chlorophyll values (SPAD) compared to B0. B1 increased total root length, root surface area, root volume and root bleeding sap (RBS) by 8.5∼29.9%, 13.5∼18.5%, 0.8∼12.1%, and 27.6–45.9%, respectively, compared to B0. Significant correlations between grain yield, SPAD, and RBS indicated that biochar enhanced grain yield by improving photosynthesis and root activity. For the irrigation treatments, MDI significantly increased peanut yield, net photosynthetic rate, and RBS, but had no significant effect on soil available N. High biochar application under MDI (IMDIB2) reduced peanut yield in 2020. Moderate biochar application under MDI (IMDIB1) had the highest peanut yield in three years. These results showed that 24 t ha−1 biochar combined with MDI achieved the highest soil available N, root development, and net photosynthetic rate thus which resulted in the highest grain yield, and this could be a management strategy to increase peanut yield.

Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by-nc-nd. Read at the source ↗

The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 16

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

A biochar rate of 24 t/ha increased soil available N relative to no biochar.

Treatment
24 t ha−1 (B1)e0
Outcome
soil available Ne0
Direction
increasede0
Comparator
B0e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Arachis hypogaea
Arachis hypogaea · Taxon葉子 · CC0 · iNaturalist ↗

Verbatim

t0

“increase peanut yield by regulating soil nitrogen”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 48–97 · show in text ↑
e0

“A biochar application rate of 24 t ha−1 (B1) increased soil available N, net photosynthetic rate of leaves, and relative chlorophyll values (SPAD) compared to B0”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 520–681 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

A biochar rate of 24 t/ha increased net photosynthetic rate of leaves and relative chlorophyll values (SPAD) relative to no biochar.

Treatment
24 t ha−1 (B1)e0
Outcome
net photosynthetic rate of leaves, and relative chlorophyll values (SPAD)e0
Direction
increasede0
Comparator
B0e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Arachis hypogaea
Arachis hypogaea · Taxon葉子 · CC0 · iNaturalist ↗

Verbatim

t0

“increase peanut yield by regulating soil nitrogen”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 48–97 · show in text ↑
e0

“A biochar application rate of 24 t ha−1 (B1) increased soil available N, net photosynthetic rate of leaves, and relative chlorophyll values (SPAD) compared to B0”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 520–681 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

B1 biochar increased total root length by 8.5∼29.9% relative to B0.

Treatment
B1e0
Outcome
total root lengthe0
Direction
increasede0
Value
8.5∼29.9%e0
Comparator
B0e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Arachis hypogaea
Arachis hypogaea · Taxon葉子 · CC0 · iNaturalist ↗

Verbatim

t0

“increase peanut yield by regulating soil nitrogen”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 48–97 · show in text ↑
e0

“B1 increased total root length, root surface area, root volume and root bleeding sap (RBS) by 8.5∼29.9%, 13.5∼18.5%, 0.8∼12.1%, and 27.6–45.9%, respectively, compared to B0”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 683–855 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

B1 biochar increased root surface area by 13.5∼18.5% relative to B0.

Treatment
B1e0
Outcome
root surface areae0
Direction
increasede0
Value
13.5∼18.5%e0
Comparator
B0e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Arachis hypogaea
Arachis hypogaea · Taxon葉子 · CC0 · iNaturalist ↗

Verbatim

t0

“increase peanut yield by regulating soil nitrogen”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 48–97 · show in text ↑
e0

“B1 increased total root length, root surface area, root volume and root bleeding sap (RBS) by 8.5∼29.9%, 13.5∼18.5%, 0.8∼12.1%, and 27.6–45.9%, respectively, compared to B0”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 683–855 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

B1 biochar increased root volume by 0.8∼12.1% relative to B0.

Treatment
B1e0
Outcome
root volumee0
Direction
increasede0
Value
0.8∼12.1%e0
Comparator
B0e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Arachis hypogaea
Arachis hypogaea · Taxon葉子 · CC0 · iNaturalist ↗

Verbatim

t0

“increase peanut yield by regulating soil nitrogen”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 48–97 · show in text ↑
e0

“B1 increased total root length, root surface area, root volume and root bleeding sap (RBS) by 8.5∼29.9%, 13.5∼18.5%, 0.8∼12.1%, and 27.6–45.9%, respectively, compared to B0”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 683–855 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

B1 biochar increased root bleeding sap (RBS) by 27.6–45.9% relative to B0.

Treatment
B1e0
Outcome
root bleeding sap (RBS)e0
Direction
increasede0
Value
27.6–45.9%e0
Comparator
B0e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Arachis hypogaea
Arachis hypogaea · Taxon葉子 · CC0 · iNaturalist ↗

Verbatim

t0

“increase peanut yield by regulating soil nitrogen”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 48–97 · show in text ↑
e0

“B1 increased total root length, root surface area, root volume and root bleeding sap (RBS) by 8.5∼29.9%, 13.5∼18.5%, 0.8∼12.1%, and 27.6–45.9%, respectively, compared to B0”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 683–855 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultsignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Grain yield was significantly correlated with SPAD and RBS under biochar treatment.

Treatment
biochare0
Outcome
correlations between grain yield, SPAD, and RBSe0

Not reportedDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Arachis hypogaea
Arachis hypogaea · Taxon葉子 · CC0 · iNaturalist ↗

Verbatim

t0

“increase peanut yield by regulating soil nitrogen”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 48–97 · show in text ↑
e0

“Significant correlations between grain yield, SPAD, and RBS indicated that biochar enhanced grain yield by improving photosynthesis and root activity”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 857–1006 · show in text ↑
Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultpositivebasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

The authors attribute the biochar increase in grain yield to improved photosynthesis and root activity.

Treatment
biochare0
Outcome
grain yielde0
Qualifier
by improving photosynthesis and root activitye0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Arachis hypogaea
Arachis hypogaea · Taxon葉子 · CC0 · iNaturalist ↗

Verbatim

t0

“increase peanut yield by regulating soil nitrogen”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 48–97 · show in text ↑
e0

“Significant correlations between grain yield, SPAD, and RBS indicated that biochar enhanced grain yield by improving photosynthesis and root activity”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 857–1006 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

MDI significantly increased peanut yield relative to drip irrigation (CK).

Treatment
MDIe0
Outcome
peanut yielde0
Direction
increasede0
Comparator
CK (drip irrigation)e1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Arachis hypogaea
Arachis hypogaea · Taxon葉子 · CC0 · iNaturalist ↗

Verbatim

t0

“increase peanut yield by regulating soil nitrogen”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 48–97 · show in text ↑
e0

“For the irrigation treatments, MDI significantly increased peanut yield, net photosynthetic rate, and RBS, but had no significant effect on soil available N”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1008–1164 · show in text ↑
e1

“two irrigation methods: CK (drip irrigation) and MDI (mulched drip irrigation)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 440–518 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

MDI significantly increased net photosynthetic rate and RBS of peanut relative to drip irrigation (CK).

Treatment
MDIe0
Outcome
net photosynthetic rate, and RBSe0
Direction
increasede0
Comparator
CK (drip irrigation)e1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Arachis hypogaea
Arachis hypogaea · Taxon葉子 · CC0 · iNaturalist ↗

Verbatim

t0

“increase peanut yield by regulating soil nitrogen”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 48–97 · show in text ↑
e0

“For the irrigation treatments, MDI significantly increased peanut yield, net photosynthetic rate, and RBS, but had no significant effect on soil available N”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1008–1164 · show in text ↑
e1

“two irrigation methods: CK (drip irrigation) and MDI (mulched drip irrigation)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 440–518 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectnot significant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

MDI had no significant effect on soil available N relative to drip irrigation (CK).

Treatment
MDIe0
Outcome
soil available Ne0
Direction
no significant effecte0
Comparator
CK (drip irrigation)e1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Arachis hypogaea
Arachis hypogaea · Taxon葉子 · CC0 · iNaturalist ↗

Verbatim

t0

“increase peanut yield by regulating soil nitrogen”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 48–97 · show in text ↑
e0

“For the irrigation treatments, MDI significantly increased peanut yield, net photosynthetic rate, and RBS, but had no significant effect on soil available N”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1008–1164 · show in text ↑
e1

“two irrigation methods: CK (drip irrigation) and MDI (mulched drip irrigation)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 440–518 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

High biochar under MDI (IMDIB2) reduced peanut yield in 2020.

Treatment
High biochar application under MDI (IMDIB2)e0
Outcome
peanut yielde0
Direction
reducede0
Qualifier
in 2020e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Arachis hypogaea
Arachis hypogaea · Taxon葉子 · CC0 · iNaturalist ↗

Verbatim

t0

“increase peanut yield by regulating soil nitrogen”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 48–97 · show in text ↑
e0

“High biochar application under MDI (IMDIB2) reduced peanut yield in 2020”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1166–1238 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Moderate biochar under MDI (IMDIB1) gave the highest peanut yield over three years.

Treatment
Moderate biochar application under MDI (IMDIB1)e0
Outcome
peanut yielde0
Direction
higheste0
Qualifier
in three yearse0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Arachis hypogaea
Arachis hypogaea · Taxon葉子 · CC0 · iNaturalist ↗

Verbatim

t0

“increase peanut yield by regulating soil nitrogen”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 48–97 · show in text ↑
e0

“Moderate biochar application under MDI (IMDIB1) had the highest peanut yield in three years”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1240–1331 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Biochar at 24 t/ha combined with MDI achieved the highest soil available N, root development, and net photosynthetic rate.

Treatment
24 t ha−1 biochar combined with MDIe0
Outcome
soil available N, root development, and net photosynthetic ratee0
Direction
higheste0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Arachis hypogaea
Arachis hypogaea · Taxon葉子 · CC0 · iNaturalist ↗

Verbatim

t0

“increase peanut yield by regulating soil nitrogen”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 48–97 · show in text ↑
e0

“24 t ha−1 biochar combined with MDI achieved the highest soil available N, root development, and net photosynthetic rate”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1359–1479 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Biochar at 24 t/ha combined with MDI resulted in the highest grain yield.

Treatment
24 t ha−1 biochar combined with MDIe0
Outcome
grain yielde1
Direction
higheste1

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Arachis hypogaea
Arachis hypogaea · Taxon葉子 · CC0 · iNaturalist ↗

Verbatim

t0

“increase peanut yield by regulating soil nitrogen”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 48–97 · show in text ↑
e0

“24 t ha−1 biochar combined with MDI achieved the highest soil available N, root development, and net photosynthetic rate”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1359–1479 · show in text ↑
e1

“resulted in the highest grain yield”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1491–1526 · show in text ↑
Recommendationauthor interpretationoriginal resultpositivebasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

The authors recommend the biochar and MDI combination as a management strategy to increase peanut yield.

Outcome
increase peanut yielde0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Arachis hypogaea
Arachis hypogaea · Taxon葉子 · CC0 · iNaturalist ↗

Verbatim

t0

“increase peanut yield by regulating soil nitrogen”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 48–97 · show in text ↑
e0

“this could be a management strategy to increase peanut yield”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1532–1592 · show in text ↑

biochar · yield · Arachis hypogaea (peanut)Positive and negative results

32 papers: 29 positive, 3 negative or no effect

28 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. no effect
  3. no effect

28 papers more in this group

See all 32 papers →

biochar · physiology: photosynthesis · Arachis hypogaea (peanut)Results agree

2 papers: 2 positive, 0 negative or no effect

1 paper in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
See all 2 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.