Abstract
Among other pathogens, more than 80 viruses infect grapevine. The aim of this work was to study the virome diversity of grapevine viruses and mycoviruses of a vineyard using high-throughput sequencing technologies. The grapevine virome was studied in symptomatic vines of the Rkatsiteli cultivar (V. vinifera) collected at the vineyards of the Krasnodar Krai in Russia. Ribosomal-depleted total RNA and isolated small RNAs were used for library preparation and high-throughput sequencing. Six grapevine-infecting viruses and two viroids were validated by RT-PCR and analyzed phylogenetically. We identified the presence of grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3, grapevine Pinot gris virus, grapevine virus T, grapevine rupestris stem-pitting-associated virus, grapevine fleck virus, and grapevine rupestris vein feathering virus, as well as two viroids, grapevine yellow speckle viroid 1 and hop stunt viroid. We also studied the mycovirome of the vineyard and identified nine viruses with single-stranded positive-sense RNA genomes: alternaria arborescens mitovirus 1, botrytis cinerea mitovirus 1, botrytis cinerea mitovirus 2, botrytis cinerea mitovirus 3, botrytis cinerea mitovirus 4, sclerotinia sclerotiorum mitovirus 3, botrytis cinerea hypovirus 1, grapevine-associated narnavirus 1, and botrytis virus F. In addition, we identified botrytis cinerea hypovirus 1 satellite-like RNA and two single-stranded negative-sense RNA viruses. This is the first study of grapevine mycoviruses in Russia. The obtained result will contribute to the development of biocontrol strategies in the future.
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Claims 20
Claim · model-written summary
Six grapevine-infecting viruses and two viroids were validated and phylogenetically analyzed.
VitisOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Six grapevine-infecting viruses and two viroids were validated by RT-PCR and analyzed phylogenetically.”
Claim · model-written summary
Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3 was present.
- Taxon
- grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3e0
- Outcome
- presencee0
Verbatim
e0“We identified the presence of grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3, grapevine Pinot gris virus, grapevine virus T”
Claim · model-written summary
Grapevine Pinot gris virus was present.
- Taxon
- grapevine Pinot gris virusGrapevine Pinot gris viruse0
- Outcome
- presencee0
Verbatim
e0“We identified the presence of grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3, grapevine Pinot gris virus, grapevine virus T”
Claim · model-written summary
Grapevine virus T was present.
- Taxon
- grapevine virus TGrapevine virus Te0
- Outcome
- presencee0
Verbatim
e0“We identified the presence of grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3, grapevine Pinot gris virus, grapevine virus T”
Claim · model-written summary
Grapevine rupestris stem-pitting-associated virus was present.
- Taxon
- grapevine rupestris stem-pitting-associated virusGrapevine rupestris stem pitting-associated viruse0
- Outcome
- grapevine rupestris stem-pitting-associated viruse0
Verbatim
e0“grapevine rupestris stem-pitting-associated virus, grapevine fleck virus, and grapevine rupestris vein feathering virus”
Claim · model-written summary
Grapevine fleck virus was present.
- Taxon
- grapevine fleck virusGrapevine fleck viruse0
- Outcome
- grapevine fleck viruse0
Verbatim
e0“grapevine rupestris stem-pitting-associated virus, grapevine fleck virus, and grapevine rupestris vein feathering virus”
Claim · model-written summary
Grapevine rupestris vein feathering virus was present.
- Taxon
- grapevine rupestris vein feathering virusGrapevine rupestris vein feathering viruse0
- Outcome
- grapevine rupestris vein feathering viruse0
Verbatim
e0“grapevine rupestris stem-pitting-associated virus, grapevine fleck virus, and grapevine rupestris vein feathering virus”
Claim · model-written summary
Grapevine yellow speckle viroid 1 was present.
- Taxon
- grapevine yellow speckle viroid 1Grapevine yellow speckle viroid 1e0
- Outcome
- grapevine yellow speckle viroid 1e0
Verbatim
e0“as well as two viroids, grapevine yellow speckle viroid 1 and hop stunt viroid.”
Claim · model-written summary
Hop stunt viroid was present.
- Taxon
- hop stunt viroidHop stunt viroide0
- Outcome
- hop stunt viroide0
Verbatim
e0“as well as two viroids, grapevine yellow speckle viroid 1 and hop stunt viroid.”
Claim · model-written summary
Alternaria arborescens mitovirus 1 was identified among positive-sense RNA viruses.
- Taxon
- alternaria arborescens mitovirus 1Alternaria arborescens mitovirus 1e0
- Outcome
- single-stranded positive-sense RNA genomese0
Verbatim
e0“identified nine viruses with single-stranded positive-sense RNA genomes: alternaria arborescens mitovirus 1”
Claim · model-written summary
Botrytis cinerea mitovirus 1 was identified.
- Taxon
- botrytis cinerea mitovirus 1Botrytis cinerea mitovirus 1e0
- Outcome
- botrytis cinerea mitovirus 1e0
Verbatim
e0“botrytis cinerea mitovirus 1, botrytis cinerea mitovirus 2, botrytis cinerea mitovirus 3, botrytis cinerea mitovirus 4”
Claim · model-written summary
Botrytis cinerea mitovirus 2 was identified.
- Taxon
- botrytis cinerea mitovirus 2Botrytis cinerea mitovirus 2e0
- Outcome
- botrytis cinerea mitovirus 2e0
Verbatim
e0“botrytis cinerea mitovirus 1, botrytis cinerea mitovirus 2, botrytis cinerea mitovirus 3, botrytis cinerea mitovirus 4”
Claim · model-written summary
Botrytis cinerea mitovirus 3 was identified.
- Taxon
- botrytis cinerea mitovirus 3Botrytis cinerea mitovirus 3e0
- Outcome
- botrytis cinerea mitovirus 3e0
Verbatim
e0“botrytis cinerea mitovirus 1, botrytis cinerea mitovirus 2, botrytis cinerea mitovirus 3, botrytis cinerea mitovirus 4”
Claim · model-written summary
Botrytis cinerea mitovirus 4 was identified.
- Taxon
- botrytis cinerea mitovirus 4Botrytis cinerea mitovirus 4e0
- Outcome
- botrytis cinerea mitovirus 4e0
Verbatim
e0“botrytis cinerea mitovirus 1, botrytis cinerea mitovirus 2, botrytis cinerea mitovirus 3, botrytis cinerea mitovirus 4”
Claim · model-written summary
Sclerotinia sclerotiorum mitovirus 3 was identified.
- Taxon
- sclerotinia sclerotiorum mitovirus 3Sclerotinia sclerotiorum mitovirus 3e0
- Outcome
- sclerotinia sclerotiorum mitovirus 3e0
Verbatim
e0“sclerotinia sclerotiorum mitovirus 3, botrytis cinerea hypovirus 1, grapevine-associated narnavirus 1, and botrytis virus F.”
Claim · model-written summary
Botrytis cinerea hypovirus 1 was identified.
- Taxon
- botrytis cinerea hypovirus 1Botrytis cinerea hypovirus 1e0
- Outcome
- botrytis cinerea hypovirus 1e0
Verbatim
e0“sclerotinia sclerotiorum mitovirus 3, botrytis cinerea hypovirus 1, grapevine-associated narnavirus 1, and botrytis virus F.”
Claim · model-written summary
Grapevine-associated narnavirus 1 was identified.
Verbatim
e0“sclerotinia sclerotiorum mitovirus 3, botrytis cinerea hypovirus 1, grapevine-associated narnavirus 1, and botrytis virus F.”
Claim · model-written summary
Botrytis virus F was identified.
- Taxon
- botrytis virus FBotrytis virus Fe0
- Outcome
- botrytis virus Fe0
Verbatim
e0“sclerotinia sclerotiorum mitovirus 3, botrytis cinerea hypovirus 1, grapevine-associated narnavirus 1, and botrytis virus F.”
Claim · model-written summary
Botrytis cinerea hypovirus 1 satellite-like RNA was identified.
- Taxon
- botrytis cinerea hypovirus 1Botrytis cinerea hypovirus 1e0
- Outcome
- satellite-like RNAe0
Verbatim
e0“In addition, we identified botrytis cinerea hypovirus 1 satellite-like RNA and two single-stranded negative-sense RNA viruses.”
Claim · model-written summary
Two single-stranded negative-sense RNA viruses were identified.
Verbatim
e0“In addition, we identified botrytis cinerea hypovirus 1 satellite-like RNA and two single-stranded negative-sense RNA viruses.”