Abstract
Ethephon and bioethylene from Gliricidia sepium were evaluated as potential alternatives to the unsafe calcium carbide (CaC2) in ripening ‘Cardaba’ banana. In Experiment 1, bananas were treated with CaC2 (1 and 2 g kg-1), G. sepium leaves (30% and 40% w/w), or ethephon (200 and 500 μL L-1). In Experiment 2, fruit were applied with CaC2 (2.5 or 5 g kg-1) or ethephon (200 or 500 μL L-1). Results showed that the use of low CaC2 concentration (1 or 2 g kg-1) or G. sepium leaves for 48 h was not sufficient to effectively ripen banana fruit (Experiment 1). The fruit dipped in 500 μL L-1 ethephon for 3 min exhibited similar effect as the 5 g kg-1 CaC2 for 72 h, which allowed the fruit to ripen faster than the lower concentrations of CaC2 (2.5 g kg-1) and ethephon (200 μL L-1), and the control (Experiment 2). The higher concentrations of ethephon and CaC2 resulted in bananas with higher total soluble solids, least firmness, most advanced peel color after 2-3 days and least green (a*) color that was towards the yellow hue angle. Ethephon-treated fruit had better visual quality than those treated with CaC2 and reached the full yellow stage the earliest (4.5 to 5.8 days) compared with the other treatments (7 to 11 days). As ripening took place earlier, fruit dipped in 500 μL L-1 ethephon solution had the least visual quality rating after seven days resulting in shorter shelf life of eight days compared with the control at 11 days.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Low calcium carbide concentration failed to ripen banana effectively after 48 hours.
- Taxon
- bananae0
- Treatment
- low CaC2 concentration (1 or 2 g kg-1)e0
- Outcome
- ripen banana fruite0
- Direction
- not sufficiente0
- Qualifier
- for 48 he0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“the use of low CaC2 concentration (1 or 2 g kg-1) or G. sepium leaves for 48 h was not sufficient to effectively ripen banana fruit”
Claim · model-written summary
G. sepium leaves failed to ripen banana effectively after 48 hours.
- Taxon
- bananae0
- Treatment
- G. sepium leavese0
- Outcome
- ripen banana fruite0
- Direction
- not sufficiente0
- Qualifier
- for 48 he0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“the use of low CaC2 concentration (1 or 2 g kg-1) or G. sepium leaves for 48 h was not sufficient to effectively ripen banana fruit”
Claim · model-written summary
Dipping fruit in 500 μL L-1 ethephon for 3 minutes had a similar effect to 5 g kg-1 CaC2 for 72 hours.
Verbatim
e0“The fruit dipped in 500 μL L-1 ethephon for 3 min exhibited similar effect as the 5 g kg-1 CaC2 for 72 h”
t0“Banana”
Claim · model-written summary
The high dose ethephon dip ripened fruit faster than lower dose agents and the control.
Verbatim
e0“The fruit dipped in 500 μL L-1 ethephon for 3 min exhibited similar effect as the 5 g kg-1 CaC2 for 72 h, which allowed the fruit to ripen faster than the lower concentrations of CaC2 (2.5 g kg-1) and ethephon (200 μL L-1), and the control”
t0“Banana”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher ethephon concentration yielded greater soluble solids, less firmness, advanced peel colour and less green colour.
- Taxon
- bananase0
- Treatment
- higher concentrations of ethephone0
- Outcome
- higher total soluble solidse0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The higher concentrations of ethephon and CaC2 resulted in bananas with higher total soluble solids, least firmness, most advanced peel color after 2-3 days and least green (a*) color that was towards the yellow hue angle.”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher calcium carbide concentration yielded greater soluble solids.
- Taxon
- bananase0
- Treatment
- higher concentrations of ethephon and CaC2e0
- Outcome
- total soluble solidse0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The higher concentrations of ethephon and CaC2 resulted in bananas with higher total soluble solids”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethephon fruit had better visual quality than calcium carbide fruit.
Verbatim
e0“Ethephon-treated fruit had better visual quality than those treated with CaC2”
t0“Banana”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethephon fruit reached full yellow earlier, in 4.5 to 5.8 days versus 7 to 11 days.
Verbatim
e0“Ethephon-treated fruit had better visual quality than those treated with CaC2 and reached the full yellow stage the earliest (4.5 to 5.8 days) compared with the other treatments (7 to 11 days)”
t0“Banana”
Claim · model-written summary
After seven days, 500 μL L-1 ethephon fruit had the lowest visual quality rating.
- Taxon
- Bananat0
- Treatment
- 500 μL L-1 ethephon solutione0
- Outcome
- visual quality ratinge0
- Direction
- leaste0
- Qualifier
- after seven dayse0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“fruit dipped in 500 μL L-1 ethephon solution had the least visual quality rating after seven days”
t0“Banana”
Claim · model-written summary
The 500 μL L-1 ethephon fruit had an eight day shelf life versus 11 days for controls.
Verbatim
e0“fruit dipped in 500 μL L-1 ethephon solution had the least visual quality rating after seven days resulting in shorter shelf life of eight days compared with the control at 11 days”
t0“Banana”
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