Abstract
Rice yield and grain quality are highly sensitive to salinity stress. Salt-tolerant/susceptible rice cultivars respond to salinity differently. To explore the variation in grain yield and quality to moderate/severe salinity stress, five rice cultivars differing in degrees of salt tolerance, including three salt-tolerant rice cultivars (Lianjian 5, Lianjian 6, and Lianjian 7) and two salt-susceptible rice cultivars (Wuyunjing 30 and Lianjing 7) were examined. Grain yield was significantly decreased under salinity stress, while the extent of yield loss was lesser in salt-tolerant rice cultivars due to the relatively higher grain filling ratio and grain weight. The milling quality continued to increase with increasing levels. There were genotypic differences in the responses of appearance quality to mild salinity. The appearance quality was first increased and then decreased with increasing levels of salinity stress in salt-tolerant rice but continued to decrease in salt-susceptible rice. Under severe salinity stress, the protein accumulation was increased and the starch content was decreased; the content of short branched-chain of amylopectin was decreased; the crystallinity and stability of the starch were increased, and the gelatinization temperature was increased. These changes resulted in the deterioration of cooking and eating quality of rice under severe salinity-stressed environments. However, salt-tolerant and salt-susceptible rice cultivars responded differently to moderate salinity stress in cooking and eating quality and in the physicochemical properties of the starch. For salt-tolerant rice cultivars, the chain length of amylopectin was decreased, the degrees of order of the starch structure were decreased, and pasting properties and thermal properties were increased significantly, whereas for salt-susceptible rice cultivars, cooking and eating quality was deteriorated under moderate salinity stress. In conclusion, the selection of salt-tolerant rice cultivars can effectively maintain the rice production at a relatively high level while simultaneously enhancing grain quality in moderate salinity-stressed environments. Our results demonstrate specific salinity responses among the rice genotypes and the planting of salt-tolerant rice under moderate soil salinity is a solution to ensure rice production in China.
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Claims 18
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity significantly decreased rice grain yield.
- Taxon
- Rice
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- salinity stresse0
- Outcome
- Grain yielde0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grain yield was significantly decreased under salinity stress”
t0“Rice Cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Yield loss was less in tolerant cultivars than susceptible cultivars.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Material
- salt-tolerant rice cultivarse0
- Outcome
- yield losse0
- Direction
- lessere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“extent of yield loss was lesser in salt-tolerant rice cultivars”
t0“Rice Cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Tolerant cultivars had relatively higher grain filling ratio and grain weight.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- grain filling ratio and grain weighte0
- Direction
- highere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“relatively higher grain filling ratio and grain weight”
t0“Rice Cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Milling quality rose with increasing salinity.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- increasing levelse0
- Outcome
- milling qualitye0
- Direction
- increasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The milling quality continued to increase with increasing levels”
t0“Rice Cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Appearance quality responses to mild salinity differed by genotype.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- mild salinitye0
- Outcome
- genotypic differences in the responses of appearance qualitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There were genotypic differences in the responses of appearance quality to mild salinity”
t0“Rice Cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Appearance quality first increased then decreased as salinity increased in tolerant rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Material
- salt-tolerant ricee0
- Treatment
- salinity stresse0
- Outcome
- appearance qualitye0
- Direction
- first increased and then decreasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“appearance quality was first increased and then decreased with increasing levels of salinity stress in salt-tolerant rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Appearance quality continued to decrease with salinity in susceptible rice.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Material
- salt-susceptible ricee0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Not reportedTreatmentOutcome
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“continued to decrease in salt-susceptible rice”
t0“Rice Cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Severe salinity increased grain protein accumulation.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- severe salinity stresse0
- Outcome
- protein accumulatione0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under severe salinity stress, the protein accumulation was increased”
t0“Rice Cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Severe salinity decreased grain starch content.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- starch contente0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the starch content was decreased”
t0“Rice Cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Severe salinity decreased short branched-chain amylopectin content.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- content of short branched-chain of amylopectine0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the content of short branched-chain of amylopectin was decreased”
t0“Rice Cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Severe salinity increased starch crystallinity and stability.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- crystallinity and stability of the starche0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the crystallinity and stability of the starch were increased”
t0“Rice Cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Severe salinity increased starch gelatinization temperature.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- gelatinization temperaturee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the gelatinization temperature was increased”
t0“Rice Cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Severe salinity deteriorated cooking and eating quality.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- severe salinity-stressed environmentse0
- Outcome
- cooking and eating qualitye0
- Direction
- deterioratione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“deterioration of cooking and eating quality of rice under severe salinity-stressed environments”
Claim · model-written summary
Moderate salinity reduced amylopectin chain length in tolerant cultivars.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Material
- salt-tolerant rice cultivarse0
- Outcome
- chain length of amylopectine0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For salt-tolerant rice cultivars, the chain length of amylopectin was decreased”
Claim · model-written summary
Moderate salinity reduced starch structural order in tolerant cultivars.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- degrees of order of the starch structuree0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the degrees of order of the starch structure were decreased”
t0“Rice Cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Moderate salinity significantly increased pasting and thermal properties in tolerant cultivars.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- pasting properties and thermal propertiese0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“pasting properties and thermal properties were increased significantly”
t0“Rice Cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Moderate salinity deteriorated cooking and eating quality in susceptible cultivars.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Material
- salt-susceptible rice cultivarse0
- Treatment
- moderate salinity stresse0
- Outcome
- cooking and eating qualitye0
- Direction
- deterioratede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“for salt-susceptible rice cultivars, cooking and eating quality was deteriorated under moderate salinity stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors recommend salt-tolerant rice cultivation under moderate soil salinity to sustain production in China.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Material
- salt-tolerant ricee0
- Outcome
- planting of salt-tolerant rice under moderate soil salinitye0
- Setting
- Chinae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the planting of salt-tolerant rice under moderate soil salinity is a solution to ensure rice production in China”
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