Abstract
The influence of planting date and spacing on the level of infestation and damage to soybean by the major insect pests was investigated at Samaru during the 1994 and 1995 wet seasons. The major insect pests of soybean were Ootheca mutabilis Salh, pygomorpha vignaudi Guer, Nezara viridula L., Agonoscelis versicolor Fab and Halydicoris ventralis Dall. Planting date and spacing had no significant effect on percentage defoliation by the insects. The highest percentage defoliations recorded were 13.8 and 15% for 1994 and 1995 respectively, These were below the economic threshold level of 30%. The number of sucking bugs per plot, percentage pod damage per plant, 100 seed weight and seed damage index were not significantly affected by planting date and spacing. There were no significant differences (P < 0.05) between the varieties in terms of insect infestation and damage in both years. However, planting date significantly affects seed yield per hectare. The first plantings had significantly (P < 0.05) higher seed yield than the other subsequent plantings.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Five insect taxa were identified as the major soybean pests.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe0 - Interactor
- Ootheca mutabilis SalhOotheca mutabilise0pest
- Outcome
- major insect pestse0
- Qualifier
- pygomorpha vignaudi Guer, Nezara viridula L., Agonoscelis versicolor Fab and Halydicoris ventralis Dalle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The major insect pests of soybean were Ootheca mutabilis Salh, pygomorpha vignaudi Guer, Nezara viridula L., Agonoscelis versicolor Fab and Halydicoris ventralis Dall”
Claim · model-written summary
Planting date and spacing had no significant effect on insect defoliation.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Planting date and spacinge0
- Outcome
- percentage defoliation by the insectse0
- Direction
- no significant effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Planting date and spacing had no significant effect on percentage defoliation by the insects”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Maximum defoliation was 13.8% in 1994.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- highest percentage defoliationse0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 13.8e0
- Qualifier
- 1994e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest percentage defoliations recorded were 13.8 and 15% for 1994 and 1995 respectively”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Maximum defoliation was 15% in 1995.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- highest percentage defoliationse0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 15%e0
- Qualifier
- 1995e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest percentage defoliations recorded were 13.8 and 15% for 1994 and 1995 respectively”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Recorded defoliation stayed below the 30% economic threshold.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- economic threshold levele0
- Direction
- belowe0
- Value
- 30%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These were below the economic threshold level of 30%”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Planting date and spacing did not significantly affect sucking bugs per plot or pod damage.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- planting date and spacinge0
- Interactor
- sucking bugse0pest
- Outcome
- number of sucking bugs per plot, percentage pod damage per plante0
- Direction
- not significantly affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The number of sucking bugs per plot, percentage pod damage per plant, 100 seed weight and seed damage index were not significantly affected by planting date and spacing”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Planting date and spacing did not significantly affect 100 seed weight or seed damage index.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- planting date and spacinge0
- Outcome
- 100 seed weight and seed damage indexe0
- Direction
- not significantly affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The number of sucking bugs per plot, percentage pod damage per plant, 100 seed weight and seed damage index were not significantly affected by planting date and spacing”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
The varieties did not differ significantly in insect infestation and damage in either year.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- varietiese0
- Outcome
- insect infestation and damagee0
- Direction
- no significant differencese0
- Qualifier
- both yearse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There were no significant differences (P < 0.05) between the varieties in terms of insect infestation and damage in both years”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Planting date significantly affected seed yield per hectare.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- planting datee0
- Outcome
- seed yield per hectaree0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“planting date significantly affects seed yield per hectare”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
First plantings yielded significantly more seed than subsequent plantings.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- first plantingse0
- Outcome
- seed yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- other subsequent plantingse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The first plantings had significantly (P < 0.05) higher seed yield than the other subsequent plantings”
t0“Soybean”
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