Abstract
Abstract Post-harvest fruit and vegetable rot produced by Botrytis cinerea (Helotiales: Sclerotiniaceae) causes significant reductions in food availability and drastically increases economic losses. The use of microbial-based tools for pathogen management holds promise. In particular, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted by microbes (e.g., bacterial compounds) are becoming increasingly more frequent as an alternative to chemical and physical treatments. In this study, we performed three laboratory experiments to investigate the effects of VOCs emitted by two gram-negative entomopathogenic bacteria, Xenorhabdus nematophila , and Photorhabdus laumondii subsp. laumondii , on the infection and growth of the pathogenic mold B. cinerea on post-harvest red grapes and tomatoes. In addition, we evaluated the preventive effects of these bacterial VOCs against pathogens in post-harvest wounded and intact grapes. Overall, VOCs emitted by X. nematophila and P. laumondii limited the lesion area of B. cinerea to 0.5% and 2.2%, respectively, on the grapes. Similarly, VOCs emitted by X. nematophila and P. laumondii limited the lesion area of B. cinerea to 0.5% and 0.02%, respectively, in tomatoes. In addition, the emission of VOCs by both bacteria showed strong preventive fungal effects. In particular, VOCs emitted by P. laumondii reduced to 13% B. cinerea incidence in damaged grapes exposed to VOCs. Moreover, intact grapes exposed to VOCs emitted by X. nematophila and P. laumondii decreased B. cinerea incidence by 33%. This study provides insightful information about a potential novel bacteria-based tool that can be used as an alternative in the integrated control of post-harvest diseases.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
X. nematophila VOCs limited B. cinerea lesion area on grapes to 0.5%.
- Taxon
- grapese0
- Treatment
- VOCs emitted by X. nematophilae0
- Interactor
- B. cinerea
Botrytis cinereae0pathogen - Second interactor
- X. nematophilaXenorhabdus nematophilae0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- lesion area of B. cinereae0
- Direction
- limitede0
- Value
- 0.5%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“VOCs emitted by X. nematophila and P. laumondii limited the lesion area of B. cinerea to 0.5% and 2.2%, respectively, on the grapes”
Claim · model-written summary
P. laumondii VOCs limited B. cinerea lesion area on grapes to 2.2%.
- Taxon
- grapese0
- Treatment
- VOCs emitted by X. nematophila and P. laumondiie0
- Interactor
- B. cinereaBotrytis cinereae0pathogen
- Second interactor
- P. laumondiiPhotorhabdus laumondiie0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- lesion area of B. cinereae0
- Direction
- limitede0
- Value
- 2.2%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“VOCs emitted by X. nematophila and P. laumondii limited the lesion area of B. cinerea to 0.5% and 2.2%, respectively, on the grapes”
Claim · model-written summary
X. nematophila VOCs limited B. cinerea lesion area in tomatoes to 0.5%.
- Taxon
- tomatoes
Solanum lycopersicume0 - Treatment
- VOCs emitted by X. nematophilae0
- Interactor
- B. cinereaBotrytis cinereae0pathogen
- Second interactor
- X. nematophilaXenorhabdus nematophilae0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- lesion area of B. cinereae0
- Direction
- limitede0
- Value
- 0.5%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“VOCs emitted by X. nematophila and P. laumondii limited the lesion area of B. cinerea to 0.5% and 0.02%, respectively, in tomatoes”
Claim · model-written summary
P. laumondii VOCs limited B. cinerea lesion area in tomatoes to 0.02%.
- Taxon
- tomatoesSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- VOCs emitted by X. nematophila and P. laumondiie0
- Interactor
- B. cinereaBotrytis cinereae0pathogen
- Second interactor
- P. laumondiiPhotorhabdus laumondiie0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- lesion area of B. cinereae0
- Direction
- limitede0
- Value
- 0.02%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“VOCs emitted by X. nematophila and P. laumondii limited the lesion area of B. cinerea to 0.5% and 0.02%, respectively, in tomatoes”
Claim · model-written summary
P. laumondii VOCs reduced B. cinerea incidence in damaged grapes to 13%.
- Taxon
- grapese0
- Organ / stage
- damaged grapese0
- Treatment
- VOCs emitted by P. laumondiie0
- Interactor
- B. cinereaBotrytis cinereae0pathogen
- Second interactor
- P. laumondiiPhotorhabdus laumondiie0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- B. cinerea incidencee0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 13%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“VOCs emitted by P. laumondii reduced to 13% B. cinerea incidence in damaged grapes exposed to VOCs”
Claim · model-written summary
X. nematophila and P. laumondii VOC exposure decreased B. cinerea incidence in intact grapes by 33%.
- Taxon
- grapese0
- Organ / stage
- intact grapese0
- Treatment
- VOCs emitted by X. nematophila and P. laumondiie0
- Interactor
- B. cinereaBotrytis cinereae0pathogen
- Second interactor
- X. nematophila and P. laumondiiXenorhabdus nematophilaPhotorhabdus laumondiie0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- B. cinerea incidencee0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 33%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“intact grapes exposed to VOCs emitted by X. nematophila and P. laumondii decreased B. cinerea incidence by 33%”
The same questions in other papers
volatile organic compound · Botrytis cinerea · VitisResults agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Xenorhabdus nematophila · Botrytis cinerea · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
volatile organic compound · Botrytis cinerea · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.