Paper · 2009 · HortTechnology

Effects of Fertilizer Rate and Form on Vegetative Growth and Yield of Southern Highbush Blueberry in Pine Bark Culture

J.G. Williamson; E.P. Miller

9
claims
17
verbatim quotes
3
citations
3
research areas
✓
Open access

Abstract

Growth and yield of ‘Misty’ and ‘Star’ southern highbush blueberry ( Vaccinium corymbosum hybrid) plants that were grown in pine bark culture were evaluated under several rates of granular or liquid fertilizers. Granular fertilizer resulted in larger canopy volumes and slightly greater annual fruit yield than liquid fertilizer. In 2003 and 2004, canopy growth increased linearly as fertilizer rate increased up to the highest rate tested [81 g nitrogen (N), 11.8 g phosphorus (P), and 44.6 g potassium (K) per plant per year]. Similarly, a positive relationship was found for fruit yield and fertilizer rate during all 3 years. Berry yield was positively correlated with canopy size, and there was no relationship between fertilizer rate and berry yield per canopy volume, indicating that yield and canopy volume increased proportionally with increased fertilizer rate. Mean ‘Star’ berry weight was greater for granular fertilizer treatments than for liquid fertilizer treatments, but mean berry weight of ‘Misty’ was unaffected by fertilizer form. At the end of the experiment, visual examination of eight plants excavated by hand indicated that root systems of blueberry plants were primarily located in the pine bark layer with very few roots penetrating into the underlying soil. Limited water and nutrient holding capacities of pine bark, coupled with frequent irrigations to the shallow root systems in pine bark culture, probably resulted in considerable nutrient leaching and a high fertilizer requirement.

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Claims 9

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Granular fertilizer produced larger canopies than liquid fertilizer.

Taxon
blueberryt0
Treatment
Granular fertilizere0
Outcome
canopy volumese0
Direction
largere0
Comparator
liquid fertilizere0

Verbatim

e0

“Granular fertilizer resulted in larger canopy volumes and slightly greater annual fruit yield than liquid fertilizer.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 212–329 · show in text ↑
t0

“Blueberry”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 88–97 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Granular fertilizer slightly increased annual fruit yield over liquid fertilizer.

Taxon
blueberryt0
Treatment
Granular fertilizere0
Outcome
annual fruit yielde0
Direction
slightly greatere0
Comparator
liquid fertilizere0

Verbatim

e0

“Granular fertilizer resulted in larger canopy volumes and slightly greater annual fruit yield than liquid fertilizer.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 212–329 · show in text ↑
t0

“Blueberry”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 88–97 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Canopy growth rose linearly with fertilizer rate up to the highest tested rate.

Taxon
blueberryt0
Treatment
fertilizer ratee0
Outcome
canopy growthe0
Direction
increased linearlye0
Qualifier
highest rate testede0

Verbatim

e0

“canopy growth increased linearly as fertilizer rate increased up to the highest rate tested [81 g nitrogen (N), 11.8 g phosphorus (P), and 44.6 g potassium (K) per plant per year].”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 348–528 · show in text ↑
t0

“Blueberry”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 88–97 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Fruit yield was positively related to fertilizer rate in all three years.

Taxon
blueberryt0
Treatment
fertilizer ratee0
Outcome
fruit yielde0
Direction
positive relationshipe0
Qualifier
all 3 yearse0

Verbatim

e0

“a positive relationship was found for fruit yield and fertilizer rate during all 3 years.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 540–629 · show in text ↑
t0

“Blueberry”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 88–97 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Berry yield correlated positively with canopy size.

Taxon
blueberryt0
Organ / stage
canopye0
Outcome
Berry yielde0
Direction
positively correlatede0

Verbatim

e0

“Berry yield was positively correlated with canopy size”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 630–684 · show in text ↑
t0

“Blueberry”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 88–97 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Fertilizer rate was unrelated to berry yield per canopy volume.

Taxon
blueberryt0
Treatment
fertilizer ratee0
Outcome
berry yield per canopy volumee0

Not reportedDirection

Verbatim

e0

“there was no relationship between fertilizer rate and berry yield per canopy volume”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 690–773 · show in text ↑
t0

“Blueberry”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 88–97 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Star berries were heavier under granular than liquid fertilizer.

Taxon
blueberryt0
Material
Stare0
Treatment
granular fertilizer treatmentse0
Outcome
berry weighte0
Direction
greatere0
Comparator
liquid fertilizer treatmentse0

Verbatim

e0

“Mean ‘Star’ berry weight was greater for granular fertilizer treatments than for liquid fertilizer treatments”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 872–981 · show in text ↑
t0

“Blueberry”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 88–97 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Misty berry weight was unaffected by fertilizer form.

Taxon
blueberryt0
Material
Mistye0
Treatment
fertilizer forme0
Outcome
berry weighte0
Direction
unaffectede0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0

“mean berry weight of ‘Misty’ was unaffected by fertilizer form.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 987–1050 · show in text ↑
t0

“Blueberry”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 88–97 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Blueberry roots were mainly in pine bark, with few penetrating the soil.

Taxon
blueberrye0
Organ / stage
root systemse0
Outcome
primarily located in the pine bark layer with very few roots penetrating into the underlying soile0

Verbatim

e0

“root systems of blueberry plants were primarily located in the pine bark layer with very few roots penetrating into the underlying soil.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1149–1285 · show in text ↑

fertilization · yield · VacciniumResults differ

25 papers: 12 positive, 13 negative or no effect

11 papers in the same direction as this paper · 11 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. no effect
  2. no effect
  3. no effect

21 papers more in this group

See all 25 papers →

fertilization · growth · VacciniumPositive and negative results

20 papers: 16 positive, 4 negative or no effect

15 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. no effect
  3. no effect

16 papers more in this group

See all 20 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.