Abstract
A huge amount of orange peel waste is annually discharged into the environment. Processing of this waste for the control of post-harvest fruit diseases can reduce environmental pollution. Essential oils (EOs) from fruit peels of Citrus reticulata × sinensis (Sanh cultivar) and Citrus sinensis (Xoan, Mat and Navel cultivar) were investigated for their ability to control anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Colletotrichum scovillei on mangoes. EOs were extracted by hydro-distillation and analyzed by GC-MS and GC-FID. The antifungal activity of the EOs was determined by in vitro and in vivo assays. The Mat cultivar had the highest extraction yield of 3% FW, followed by Xoan (2.9%), Sanh (2.2%), and Navel (1%). The chemical composition of the EOs was similar, with limonene as the main compound (around 96%). The antifungal activity of EOs was not different, with a minimum fungicidal concentration of 16% for both fungi. The disease inhibition of EOs increased with their concentration. The highest inhibition of anthracnose caused by both fungi on mangoes was achieved at 16% EO. EOs had no adverse effect on mango quality (pH, total soluble solids, total acidity, color and brightness of mangoes), except firmness and weight loss at high concentrations (16%). Orange EOs can be used as bio-fungicides to control mango anthracnose at high concentrations.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
EO antifungal activity was similar for both fungi at 16% minimum fungicidal concentration.
- Taxon
- Mangoes
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Mangifera indicat0 - Outcome
- antifungal activity of EOse0
- Direction
- not differente0
- Value
- 16%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_from_India.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“The antifungal activity of EOs was not different, with a minimum fungicidal concentration of 16% for both fungi.”
t0“on Mangoes”
Claim · model-written summary
Disease inhibition increased with EO concentration.
- Taxon
- MangoesMangifera indicat0
- Treatment
- EOse0
- Outcome
- disease inhibitione0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The disease inhibition of EOs increased with their concentration.”
t0“on Mangoes”
Claim · model-written summary
At 16% EO, mango anthracnose inhibition was highest.
- Taxon
- mangoesMangifera indicae0
- Treatment
- 16% EOe0
- Outcome
- inhibition of anthracnosee0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest inhibition of anthracnose caused by both fungi on mangoes was achieved at 16% EO.”
Claim · model-written summary
EOs had no adverse effect on mango pH, total soluble solids, total acidity.
- Taxon
- mangoMangifera indicae0
- Treatment
- EOse0
- Outcome
- pH, total soluble solids, total aciditye0
- Direction
- no adverse effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“EOs had no adverse effect on mango quality (pH, total soluble solids, total acidity, color and brightness of mangoes), except firmness and weight loss at high concentrations (16%).”
Claim · model-written summary
EOs had no adverse effect on mango color and brightness of mangoes.
- Taxon
- mangoMangifera indicae0
- Treatment
- EOse0
- Outcome
- color and brightness of mangoese0
- Direction
- no adverse effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“EOs had no adverse effect on mango quality (pH, total soluble solids, total acidity, color and brightness of mangoes), except firmness and weight loss at high concentrations (16%).”
Claim · model-written summary
At 16%, EOs adversely affected firmness and weight loss.
- Taxon
- mangoMangifera indicae0
- Treatment
- high concentrations (16%)e0
- Outcome
- firmness and weight losse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“EOs had no adverse effect on mango quality (pH, total soluble solids, total acidity, color and brightness of mangoes), except firmness and weight loss at high concentrations (16%).”
Claim · model-written summary
High-concentration orange oil can be used to control mango anthracnose.
- Taxon
- mangoMangifera indicae0
- Outcome
- used as bio-fungicides to control mango anthracnose at high concentrationse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Orange EOs can be used as bio-fungicides to control mango anthracnose at high concentrations.”
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