Abstract
The presence of arsenic as a soil contaminant leads to a significant reduction in crop yield worldwide. A pot experiment was conducted to investigate how salicylic acid (SA) and sulfur (S) can effectively reduce the negative effects of arsenic (As) on Brassica napus Neelam cultivar by analyzing the physiological and biochemical responses of the plants. The toxicity of As (200 mg As kg−1 soil) caused a robust increase in the oxidative stress levels and led to a remarkable reduction in S uptake, S assimilation, and plant growth and photosynthetic parameters. The foliar application of SA (500 mM) and soil-supplied elemental sulfur (200 mg S kg−1 soil) in plants affected by As resulted in a decrease in oxidative stress markers such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide anion (O2•−), and lipid peroxidation with lower As accumulation in roots and leaves. Additionally, there was an increase in photosynthetic efficiency, non-protein thiol, and phytochelatin production, as well as the effectiveness of antioxidants (both enzymatic and non-enzymatic). Carbohydrates play a crucial role in plants during times of stress. When plants are subjected to various environmental stresses such as drought, extreme temperature, salinity, or pathogen attack, they undergo physiological and biochemical changes to adapt and survive. Carbohydrates help in energy sources, osmotic adjustment, antioxidant production, signaling, and structural support. The benefits of SA coupled with S were exhibited by a modulation in ethylene production. The results suggest that the mitigation of As toxicity by SA and S, along with the enhancement of photosynthetic capability, was the result of their coordination with ethylene, which equipped Brassica napus plants with higher tolerance to As. The findings of this study have practical implications for the management and remediation of contaminated soils exposed to potentially toxic metals such as As.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Arsenic increased oxidative stress.
- Taxon
- Brassica napus
_Brassica_napus_-_Habit.jpg?width=60)
Brassica napust0 - Treatment
- As (200 mg As kg−1 soil)e0
- Outcome
- oxidative stress levelse0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_Brassica_napus_-_Habit.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“Brassica napus”
e0“The toxicity of As (200 mg As kg−1 soil) caused a robust increase in the oxidative stress levels”
Claim · model-written summary
Arsenic reduced sulfur uptake, sulfur assimilation, growth and photosynthetic parameters.
- Taxon
- Brassica napusBrassica napust0
- Treatment
- As (200 mg As kg−1 soil)e1
- Outcome
- S uptake, S assimilation, and plant growth and photosynthetic parameterse0
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Brassica napus”
e0“led to a remarkable reduction in S uptake, S assimilation, and plant growth and photosynthetic parameters”
e1“The toxicity of As (200 mg As kg−1 soil)”
Claim · model-written summary
Salicylic acid and sulfur lowered oxidative stress markers and arsenic accumulation under arsenic stress.
- Taxon
- Brassica napusBrassica napust0
- Organ / stage
- roots and leavese0
- Treatment
- SA (500 mM) and soil-supplied elemental sulfur (200 mg S kg−1 soil)e0
- Outcome
- oxidative stress markers such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide anion (O2•−), and lipid peroxidatione0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Qualifier
- lower As accumulatione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Brassica napus”
e0“The foliar application of SA (500 mM) and soil-supplied elemental sulfur (200 mg S kg−1 soil) in plants affected by As resulted in a decrease in oxidative stress markers such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide anion (O2•−), and lipid peroxidation with lower As accumulation in roots and leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Salicylic acid and sulfur increased photosynthetic efficiency, thiols, phytochelatins and antioxidant effectiveness.
- Taxon
- Brassica napusBrassica napust0
- Treatment
- SA (500 mM) and soil-supplied elemental sulfur (200 mg S kg−1 soil)e1
- Outcome
- photosynthetic efficiency, non-protein thiol, and phytochelatin productione0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Qualifier
- effectiveness of antioxidants (both enzymatic and non-enzymatic)e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Brassica napus”
e0“there was an increase in photosynthetic efficiency, non-protein thiol, and phytochelatin production, as well as the effectiveness of antioxidants (both enzymatic and non-enzymatic)”
e1“SA (500 mM) and soil-supplied elemental sulfur (200 mg S kg−1 soil)”
Claim · model-written summary
The SA and sulfur benefit was accompanied by modulation of ethylene production.
- Taxon
- Brassica napusBrassica napust0
- Treatment
- SA coupled with Se0
- Outcome
- modulation in ethylene productione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Brassica napus”
e0“The benefits of SA coupled with S were exhibited by a modulation in ethylene production”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors attribute mitigation of arsenic toxicity and enhanced photosynthesis to coordination with ethylene.
- Taxon
- Brassica napus plantsBrassica napuse0
- Treatment
- SA and Se0
- Compound
- ethylenee0
- Outcome
- higher tolerance to Ase0
- Qualifier
- coordination with ethylenee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Brassica napus”
e0“the mitigation of As toxicity by SA and S, along with the enhancement of photosynthetic capability, was the result of their coordination with ethylene, which equipped Brassica napus plants with higher tolerance to As”
The same questions in other papers
salicylic acid · physiology: photosynthesis · Brassica napus (oilseed rape)Results agree
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- positive
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- negative
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- negative
arsenic atom · physiology: oxidative · Brassica napus (oilseed rape)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- negative
- negative
salicylic acid · physiology: oxidative · Brassica napus (oilseed rape)Results agree
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- positive
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3 papers more in this group
See all 7 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.