Abstract
Sweet sorghum is an important bioenergy grass and valuable forage with a strong adaptability to saline environments. However, little is known about the mechanisms of sweet sorghum coping with ion toxicity under salt stresses. Here, we first evaluated the salt tolerance of a sweet sorghum cultivar “Lvjuren” and determined its ion accumulation traits under NaCl treatments; then, we explored key genes involved in Na+, Cl−, K+ and NO3− transport using transcriptome profiling and the qRT-PCR method. The results showed that growth and photosynthesis of sweet sorghum were unaffected by 50 and 100 mM NaCl treatments, indicative of a strong salt tolerance of this species. Under NaCl treatments, sweet sorghum could efficiently exclude Na+ from shoots and accumulate Cl− in leaf sheaths to avoid their overaccumulation in leaf blades; meanwhile, it possessed a prominent ability to sustain NO3− homeostasis in leaf blades. Transcriptome profiling identified several differentially expressed genes associated with Na+, Cl−, K+ and NO3− transport in roots, leaf sheaths and leaf blades after 200 mM NaCl treatment for 6 and 48 h. Moreover, transcriptome data and qRT-PCR results indicated that HKT1;5, CLCc and NPF7.3-1 should be key genes involved in Na+ retention in roots, Cl− accumulation in leaf sheaths and maintenance of NO3− homeostasis in leaf blades, respectively. Many TFs were also identified after NaCl treatment, which should play important regulatory roles in salt tolerance of sweet sorghum. In addition, GO analysis identified candidate genes involved in maintaining membrane stability and photosynthetic capacity under salt stresses. This work lays a preliminary foundation for clarifying the molecular basis underlying the adaptation of sweet sorghum to adverse environments.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Sweet sorghum growth was unaffected by 50 and 100 mM NaCl.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“growth and photosynthesis of sweet sorghum were unaffected by 50 and 100 mM NaCl treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Sweet sorghum photosynthesis was unaffected by 50 and 100 mM NaCl.
- Taxon
- sweet sorghume0
- Treatment
- 50 and 100 mM NaCl treatmentse0
- Outcome
- photosynthesise0
- Direction
- unaffectede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“growth and photosynthesis of sweet sorghum were unaffected by 50 and 100 mM NaCl treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Under NaCl treatments, sweet sorghum excluded sodium from shoots.
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“Under NaCl treatments, sweet sorghum could efficiently exclude Na+ from shoots”
Claim · model-written summary
Under NaCl treatments, sweet sorghum accumulated chloride in leaf sheaths.
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“sweet sorghum could efficiently exclude Na+ from shoots and accumulate Cl− in leaf sheaths”
Claim · model-written summary
Sweet sorghum sustained nitrate homeostasis in leaf blades under salt treatment.
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“it possessed a prominent ability to sustain NO3− homeostasis in leaf blades”
e1“sweet sorghum could efficiently exclude Na+ from shoots”
Claim · model-written summary
Transcriptome profiling identified genes associated with ion transport after 200 mM NaCl treatment.
Verbatim
e0“Transcriptome profiling identified several differentially expressed genes associated with Na+, Cl−, K+ and NO3− transport in roots, leaf sheaths and leaf blades after 200 mM NaCl treatment for 6 and 48 h”
e1“sweet sorghum could efficiently exclude Na+ from shoots”
Claim · model-written summary
HKT1;5 was implicated in sodium retention in roots.
Verbatim
e0“HKT1;5, CLCc and NPF7.3-1 should be key genes involved in Na+ retention in roots, Cl− accumulation in leaf sheaths and maintenance of NO3− homeostasis in leaf blades, respectively”
e1“sweet sorghum could efficiently exclude Na+ from shoots”
Claim · model-written summary
CLCc was implicated in chloride accumulation in leaf sheaths.
Verbatim
e0“HKT1;5, CLCc and NPF7.3-1 should be key genes involved in Na+ retention in roots, Cl− accumulation in leaf sheaths and maintenance of NO3− homeostasis in leaf blades, respectively”
e1“sweet sorghum could efficiently exclude Na+ from shoots”
Claim · model-written summary
NPF7.3-1 was implicated in nitrate homeostasis in leaf blades.
Verbatim
e0“HKT1;5, CLCc and NPF7.3-1 should be key genes involved in Na+ retention in roots, Cl− accumulation in leaf sheaths and maintenance of NO3− homeostasis in leaf blades, respectively”
e1“sweet sorghum could efficiently exclude Na+ from shoots”
Claim · model-written summary
Many transcription factors were identified after NaCl treatment.
Verbatim
e0“Many TFs were also identified after NaCl treatment”
e1“salt tolerance of sweet sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
GO analysis identified candidate genes for membrane stability under salt stress.
Not reportedComparatorValue
Verbatim
e0“GO analysis identified candidate genes involved in maintaining membrane stability and photosynthetic capacity under salt stresses”
e1“salt tolerance of sweet sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
GO analysis identified candidate genes for photosynthetic capacity under salt stress.
- Taxon
- sweet sorghume1
- Outcome
- candidate genes involved in maintaining membrane stability and photosynthetic capacitye0
Not reportedComparatorValue
Verbatim
e0“GO analysis identified candidate genes involved in maintaining membrane stability and photosynthetic capacity under salt stresses”
e1“salt tolerance of sweet sorghum”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.