Abstract
Mucor rot caused by Mucor piriformis is an emerging postharvest disease of mandarin fruit in California. Natamycin is a newly registered biofungicide for postharvest use on citrus and some other fruits. In the study, baseline sensitivity to natamycin in 50 isolates of M. piriformis was determined in vitro. The mean EC 50 (effective concentration to inhibit sporangiospore germination by 50%) and MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration to inhibit mycelial growth by 100%) values were 0.59 μg/ml and less than 1.0 μg/ml, respectively. Natamycin at the label rate of 920 μg/ml alone or in combination with 3% potassium sorbate (PS) or 3% sodium carbonate (SC) applied at 20 or 50°C was evaluated for control of Mucor rot on inoculated ‘Tango’ mandarin fruit. Natamycin alone reduced Mucor rot incidence on stored mandarin fruit from 100% among nontreated control fruit to approximately 30%, a reduction of more than 70% compared to the nontreated control, while 3% PS and 3% SC had no to little control. When applied at 50°C, natamycin and 3% PS reduced Mucor rot incidence by 65.0 and 31.2%, respectively; while natamycin in combination with 3% PS reduced disease incidence by 92.5% compared to the nontreated control after 2 weeks of storage at 5°C. This combined treatment remained effective even when the application of the treatment was delayed for 6 and 12 h after inoculation. However, the effectiveness of the treatments declined when storage was extended to 3 or 4 weeks. Natamycin can be an effective tool to control Mucor rot on mandarin fruit, and minimizing the period of extended storage could help maintain the control efficacy of natamycin.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed public-domain. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Mucor piriformis sporangiospore germination had mean natamycin EC 50 of 0.59 μg/ml.
- Taxon
- Mandarint0
- Interactor
- M. piriformisMucor piriformise1pathogen
- Outcome
- sporangiospore germinatione0
- Value
- 0.59 μg/mle0
Verbatim
e0“The mean EC 50 (effective concentration to inhibit sporangiospore germination by 50%) and MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration to inhibit mycelial growth by 100%) values were 0.59 μg/ml and less than 1.0 μg/ml, respectively”
e1“50 isolates of M. piriformis”
t0“Mandarin Fruit”
Claim · model-written summary
Mucor piriformis mycelial growth had natamycin MIC below 1.0 μg/ml.
- Taxon
- Mandarint0
- Interactor
- M. piriformisMucor piriformise1pathogen
- Outcome
- mycelial growthe0
- Value
- less than 1.0 μg/mle0
Verbatim
e0“The mean EC 50 (effective concentration to inhibit sporangiospore germination by 50%) and MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration to inhibit mycelial growth by 100%) values were 0.59 μg/ml and less than 1.0 μg/ml, respectively”
e1“50 isolates of M. piriformis”
t0“Mandarin Fruit”
Claim · model-written summary
Natamycin alone reduced mandarin Mucor rot incidence from 100% to approximately 30%.
Verbatim
e0“Natamycin alone reduced Mucor rot incidence on stored mandarin fruit from 100% among nontreated control fruit to approximately 30%, a reduction of more than 70% compared to the nontreated control”
e1“Mucor rot caused by Mucor piriformis”
Claim · model-written summary
Potassium sorbate had no to little control of Mucor rot.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“3% PS and 3% SC had no to little control”
e1“3% potassium sorbate (PS) or 3% sodium carbonate (SC)”
t0“Mucor Rot of Stored Mandarin Fruit”
Claim · model-written summary
Sodium carbonate had no to little control of Mucor rot.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“3% PS and 3% SC had no to little control”
e1“3% sodium carbonate (SC)”
t0“Mucor Rot of Stored Mandarin Fruit”
Claim · model-written summary
Natamycin applied at 50°C reduced Mucor rot incidence by 65.0%.
- Taxon
- Mandarint0
- Treatment
- natamycine0
- Outcome
- Mucor rot incidencee0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 65.0e0
- Qualifier
- 50°Ce0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“When applied at 50°C, natamycin and 3% PS reduced Mucor rot incidence by 65.0 and 31.2%, respectively”
t0“Mandarin Fruit”
Claim · model-written summary
Potassium sorbate applied at 50°C reduced Mucor rot incidence by 31.2%.
- Taxon
- Mandarint0
- Treatment
- 3% potassium sorbatee1
- Outcome
- Mucor rot incidencee0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 31.2%e0
- Qualifier
- 50°Ce0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“When applied at 50°C, natamycin and 3% PS reduced Mucor rot incidence by 65.0 and 31.2%, respectively”
e1“3% potassium sorbate (PS)”
t0“Mandarin Fruit”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined natamycin and potassium sorbate at 50°C reduced disease incidence by 92.5% after two weeks at 5°C.
Verbatim
e0“natamycin in combination with 3% PS reduced disease incidence by 92.5% compared to the nontreated control after 2 weeks of storage at 5°C”
e1“3% potassium sorbate (PS)”
t0“Mandarin Fruit”
Claim · model-written summary
The combined treatment remained effective after 6 and 12 hour application delays.
Verbatim
e0“This combined treatment remained effective even when the application of the treatment was delayed for 6 and 12 h after inoculation”
t0“Mandarin Fruit”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatment efficacy declined with storage extended to 3 or 4 weeks.
Verbatim
e0“the effectiveness of the treatments declined when storage was extended to 3 or 4 weeks”
t0“Mandarin Fruit”
Claim · model-written summary
Natamycin is recommended for controlling mandarin Mucor rot with limited extended storage.
Verbatim
e0“Natamycin can be an effective tool to control Mucor rot on mandarin fruit, and minimizing the period of extended storage could help maintain the control efficacy of natamycin”
The same questions in other papers
natamycin · disease · Citrus reticulata (tangerine)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
potassium sorbate · disease · Citrus reticulata (tangerine)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.