Abstract
On the basis of the inhibition effects of pymetrozine on the reproductive behavior of N. lugens, we established a bioassay method to accurately evaluate the toxicity of pymetrozine in N. lugens and clarified the level of pymetrozine resistance of N. lugens in the field. In this study, pymetrozine’s effects on the fecundity of N. lugens were evaluated using the topical application method and rice-seedling-dipping method. Moreover, the resistance of N. lugens to pymetrozine in a pymetrozine-resistant strain (Pym-R) and two field populations (YZ21 and QS21) was determined using the rice-seedling-dipping method and fecundity assay methods. The results showed that treatment of N. lugens third-instar nymphs with LC15, LC50, and LC85 doses of pymetrozine resulted in a significantly reduced fecundity of N. lugens. In addition, N. lugens adults treated with pymetrozine, using the rice-seedling-dipping and topical application method, also exhibited a significantly inhibited fecundity. Using the rice-stem-dipping method, pymetrozine resistance levels were shown to be high in Pym-R (194.6-fold), YZ21 (205.9-fold), and QS21 (212.8-fold), with LC50 values of 522.520 mg/L (Pym-R), 552.962 mg/L (YZ21), and 571.315 (QS21) mg/L. However, when using the rice-seedling-dipping or topical application fecundity assay method, Pym-R (EC50: 14.370 mg/L, RR = 12.4-fold; ED50: 0.560 ng/adult, RR = 10.8-fold), YZ21 (EC50: 12.890 mg/L, RR = 11.2-fold; ED50: 0.280 ng/adult; RR = 5.4-fold), and QS21 (EC50: 13.700 mg/L, RR = 11.9-fold) exhibited moderate or low levels of resistance to pymetrozine. Our studies show that pymetrozine can significantly inhibit the fecundity of N. lugens. The fecundity assay results showed that N. lugens only developed low to moderate levels of resistance to pymetrozine, indicating that pymetrozine can still achieve effective control on the next generation of N. lugens populations.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Pymetrozine at LC15, LC50 and LC85 doses significantly reduced the fecundity of N. lugens third-instar nymphs.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae1 - Organ / stage
- third-instar nymphse0
- Treatment
- LC15, LC50, and LC85 doses of pymetrozinee0
- Interactor
- N. lugens
Nilaparvata lugense0pest - Outcome
- fecunditye0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“treatment of N. lugens third-instar nymphs with LC15, LC50, and LC85 doses of pymetrozine resulted in a significantly reduced fecundity of N. lugens”
e1“N. lugens adults treated with pymetrozine, using the rice-seedling-dipping and topical application method, also exhibited a significantly inhibited fecundity”
Claim · model-written summary
Pymetrozine applied to N. lugens adults, by rice-seedling-dipping or topical application, significantly inhibited fecundity.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Organ / stage
- adultse1
- Treatment
- pymetrozinee1
- Interactor
- N. lugensNilaparvata lugense1pest
- Outcome
- fecunditye1
- Direction
- inhibitede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“N. lugens adults treated with pymetrozine, using the rice-seedling-dipping and topical application method, also exhibited a significantly inhibited fecundity”
Claim · model-written summary
The Pym-R strain showed a pymetrozine resistance level of 194.6-fold in the rice-stem-dipping test.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae2
- Material
- Pym-Re2
- Outcome
- pymetrozine resistance levelse2
- Value
- 194.6-folde2
- Qualifier
- LC50 values of 522.520 mg/Le2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“Using the rice-stem-dipping method, pymetrozine resistance levels were shown to be high in Pym-R (194.6-fold), YZ21 (205.9-fold), and QS21 (212.8-fold), with LC50 values of 522.520 mg/L (Pym-R), 552.962 mg/L (YZ21), and 571.315 (QS21) mg/L”
Claim · model-written summary
The YZ21 field population showed a pymetrozine resistance level of 205.9-fold in the rice-stem-dipping test.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae2
- Material
- YZ21e2
- Outcome
- pymetrozine resistance levelse2
- Value
- 205.9-folde2
- Qualifier
- 552.962 mg/Le2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“Using the rice-stem-dipping method, pymetrozine resistance levels were shown to be high in Pym-R (194.6-fold), YZ21 (205.9-fold), and QS21 (212.8-fold), with LC50 values of 522.520 mg/L (Pym-R), 552.962 mg/L (YZ21), and 571.315 (QS21) mg/L”
Claim · model-written summary
The QS21 field population showed a pymetrozine resistance level of 212.8-fold in the rice-stem-dipping test.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae2
- Material
- QS21e2
- Outcome
- pymetrozine resistance levelse2
- Value
- 212.8-folde2
- Qualifier
- 571.315 (QS21) mg/Le2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“Using the rice-stem-dipping method, pymetrozine resistance levels were shown to be high in Pym-R (194.6-fold), YZ21 (205.9-fold), and QS21 (212.8-fold), with LC50 values of 522.520 mg/L (Pym-R), 552.962 mg/L (YZ21), and 571.315 (QS21) mg/L”
Claim · model-written summary
Pym-R had an EC50-based resistance ratio of 12.4-fold in the fecundity assay, a moderate or low level of resistance.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae4
- Material
- Pym-Re4
- Outcome
- RRe4
- Value
- 12.4-folde4
- Qualifier
- moderate or low levels of resistancee4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“when using the rice-seedling-dipping or topical application fecundity assay method, Pym-R (EC50: 14.370 mg/L, RR = 12.4-fold; ED50: 0.560 ng/adult, RR = 10.8-fold), YZ21 (EC50: 12.890 mg/L, RR = 11.2-fold; ED50: 0.280 ng/adult; RR = 5.4-fold), and QS21 (EC50: 13.700 mg/L, RR = 11.9-fold) exhibited moderate or low levels of resistance to pymetrozine”
Claim · model-written summary
Pym-R had an ED50-based resistance ratio of 10.8-fold in the fecundity assay.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“when using the rice-seedling-dipping or topical application fecundity assay method, Pym-R (EC50: 14.370 mg/L, RR = 12.4-fold; ED50: 0.560 ng/adult, RR = 10.8-fold), YZ21 (EC50: 12.890 mg/L, RR = 11.2-fold; ED50: 0.280 ng/adult; RR = 5.4-fold), and QS21 (EC50: 13.700 mg/L, RR = 11.9-fold) exhibited moderate or low levels of resistance to pymetrozine”
Claim · model-written summary
YZ21 had an EC50-based resistance ratio of 11.2-fold in the fecundity assay.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“when using the rice-seedling-dipping or topical application fecundity assay method, Pym-R (EC50: 14.370 mg/L, RR = 12.4-fold; ED50: 0.560 ng/adult, RR = 10.8-fold), YZ21 (EC50: 12.890 mg/L, RR = 11.2-fold; ED50: 0.280 ng/adult; RR = 5.4-fold), and QS21 (EC50: 13.700 mg/L, RR = 11.9-fold) exhibited moderate or low levels of resistance to pymetrozine”
Claim · model-written summary
YZ21 had an ED50-based resistance ratio of 5.4-fold in the fecundity assay.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“when using the rice-seedling-dipping or topical application fecundity assay method, Pym-R (EC50: 14.370 mg/L, RR = 12.4-fold; ED50: 0.560 ng/adult, RR = 10.8-fold), YZ21 (EC50: 12.890 mg/L, RR = 11.2-fold; ED50: 0.280 ng/adult; RR = 5.4-fold), and QS21 (EC50: 13.700 mg/L, RR = 11.9-fold) exhibited moderate or low levels of resistance to pymetrozine”
Claim · model-written summary
QS21 had an EC50-based resistance ratio of 11.9-fold in the fecundity assay.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“when using the rice-seedling-dipping or topical application fecundity assay method, Pym-R (EC50: 14.370 mg/L, RR = 12.4-fold; ED50: 0.560 ng/adult, RR = 10.8-fold), YZ21 (EC50: 12.890 mg/L, RR = 11.2-fold; ED50: 0.280 ng/adult; RR = 5.4-fold), and QS21 (EC50: 13.700 mg/L, RR = 11.9-fold) exhibited moderate or low levels of resistance to pymetrozine”
Claim · model-written summary
N. lugens developed only low to moderate levels of resistance to pymetrozine in the fecundity assay.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Interactor
- N. lugensNilaparvata lugense6pest
- Outcome
- resistance to pymetrozinee6
- Qualifier
- low to moderate levelse6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“N. lugens adults treated with pymetrozine, using the rice-seedling-dipping and topical application method, also exhibited a significantly inhibited fecundity”
e6“The fecundity assay results showed that N. lugens only developed low to moderate levels of resistance to pymetrozine, indicating that pymetrozine can still achieve effective control on the next generation of N. lugens populations”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors infer that pymetrozine can still achieve effective control on the next generation of N. lugens populations.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Interactor
- N. lugensNilaparvata lugense6pest
- Outcome
- effective control on the next generation of N. lugens populationse6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“N. lugens adults treated with pymetrozine, using the rice-seedling-dipping and topical application method, also exhibited a significantly inhibited fecundity”
e6“The fecundity assay results showed that N. lugens only developed low to moderate levels of resistance to pymetrozine, indicating that pymetrozine can still achieve effective control on the next generation of N. lugens populations”
The same questions in other papers
pymetrozine · Nilaparvata lugens · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
11 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- negative
- no effect
- positive
10 papers more in this group
See all 14 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.