Abstract
L.) seeds' germination and seedling growth under conditions of abiotic stresses. Constant temperature levels of 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, and 35 °C were used for the germination test. Drought and waterlogging stresses using 30 different water levels were examined using two methods: either based at 1 milliliter intervals or, on the other hand, as percentages of thousand kernel weight (TKW). Seedling density in a petri dish and antifungal application techniques were also investigated. Temperature significantly impacted germination time and seedling development with an ideal range of 15-20 °C, with a more comprehensive range to 10 °C. Higher temperatures reversely affected germination percentage, and the lower ones affected the germination and seedling growth rate. Germination commenced at 130% water of the TKW, and the ideal water range for seedling development was greater and more extensive than the range for germination, which means there is a difference between the starting point for germination and the seedling development. Seed size define germination water requirements and provides an objective and more precise basis suggesting an optimal range supply of 720% and 1080% of TKW for barley seedling development. A total of 10 seeds per 9 cm petri dish may be preferable over greater densities. The techniques of priming seeds with an antifungal solution (Bordóilé or Hypo) or antifungal application at even 5 ppm in the media significantly prevented fungal growth. This study is novel regarding the levels and types of abiotic stresses, the crop, the experimental and measurement techniques, and in comparison to the previous studies.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Temperature significantly affected germination time and seedling development, with an ideal range of 15–20 °C.
- Taxon
- Barley
.jpg?width=60)
Hordeum vulgaret0 - Outcome
- germination time and seedling developmente0
- Value
- 15-20 °Ce0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Temperature significantly impacted germination time and seedling development with an ideal range of 15-20 °C, with a more comprehensive range to 10 °C”
t0“Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher temperatures reduced germination percentage.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- Higher temperaturese0
- Outcome
- germination percentagee0
- Direction
- decreaseinferrede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Higher temperatures reversely affected germination percentage”
t0“Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Lower temperatures reduced germination and seedling growth rate.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- lower onese0
- Outcome
- germination and seedling growth ratee0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the lower ones affected the germination and seedling growth rate”
t0“Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Germination began at 130% water relative to thousand kernel weight.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Outcome
- Germination commencede0
- Value
- 130%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Germination commenced at 130% water of the TKW”
t0“Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The ideal seedling development water range exceeded and was wider than the germination range.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Outcome
- ideal water range for seedling developmente0
- Direction
- greater and more extensivee0
- Comparator
- range for germinatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the ideal water range for seedling development was greater and more extensive than the range for germination”
t0“Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed size determines germination water requirements.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Organ / stage
- Seede0
- Outcome
- germination water requirementse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Seed size define germination water requirements”
t0“Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The suggested optimal water supply for barley seedling development is 720% to 1080% of TKW.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Outcome
- optimal range supplye0
- Value
- 720% and 1080% of TKWe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“suggesting an optimal range supply of 720% and 1080% of TKW for barley seedling development”
Claim · model-written summary
Ten seeds per 9 cm petri dish may be preferable to higher densities.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Outcome
- 10 seeds per 9 cm petri dishe0
- Comparator
- greater densitiese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A total of 10 seeds per 9 cm petri dish may be preferable over greater densities”
t0“Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Priming with Bordóilé or Hypo significantly prevented fungal growth.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- priming seeds with an antifungal solution (Bordóilé or Hypo)e0
- Outcome
- fungal growthe0
- Direction
- preventede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“priming seeds with an antifungal solution (Bordóilé or Hypo) or antifungal application at even 5 ppm in the media significantly prevented fungal growth”
t0“Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Antifungal application at 5 ppm significantly prevented fungal growth.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- antifungal application at even 5 ppme0
- Outcome
- fungal growthe0
- Direction
- preventede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“antifungal application at even 5 ppm in the media significantly prevented fungal growth”
t0“Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)”
The same questions in other papers
antifungal agent · disease · Hordeum vulgare (barley)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
seed treatment · disease · Hordeum vulgare (barley)Positive and negative results
13 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- negative
- no effect
- positive
12 papers more in this group
See all 16 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.