Abstract
The excessive use of chemical fertilizers in fruit orchards has led to numerous problems for the environment, produce quality, and food safety. It also negatively affects soil health, beneficial microorganisms, and ground water quality, hence the resurgence of the application of biostimulants as ecofriendly ways to improve the growth, yield, and fruit quality of tree fruits. The current study was performed during 2021 and 2022 to investigate the influence of foliar spraying of 500, 1000, and 2000 mg/L humic acid (HA); 0.5, 1, and 2 mg/L brassinosteroids (Brs); and 1000, 2000, and 3000 mg/L seaweed extract (SWE) compared with a control (untreated trees) in terms of the performance of an apricot (Prunus armeniaca) cv. Canino. The obtained results show that the spraying of HA, Brs, and SWE positively increased the shoot length, leaf area, leaf chlorophyll content, fruit set, fruit yields, and fruit physical and chemical characteristics, as well as leaf macro- or micronutrients contents compared with those untreated trees during both study years. Moreover, the increase in parameter values was parallel to the increase in the used concentrations of HA, Brs, or SWE, where 2000 mg/L HA, 2 mg/L Brs, and 3000 mg/L SWE were superior to 1000 mg/L HA, 1 mg/L Brs, and 2000 mg/L SWE, which were better than 500 mg/L HA, 0.5 mg/L Brs, and 1000 mg/L SWE.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar HA, Brs and SWE sprays increased shoot length, leaf area and leaf chlorophyll content of apricot compared with untreated trees.
- Taxon
- Prunus armeniaca
Prunus armeniacat0 - Treatment
- spraying of HA, Brs, and SWEe2
- Outcome
- shoot length, leaf area, leaf chlorophyll contente2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Comparator
- untreated treese2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Apricot (Prunus armeniaca)”
e2“the spraying of HA, Brs, and SWE positively increased the shoot length, leaf area, leaf chlorophyll content, fruit set, fruit yields, and fruit physical and chemical characteristics, as well as leaf macro- or micronutrients contents compared with those untreated trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar HA, Brs and SWE sprays increased fruit set and fruit yields of apricot compared with untreated trees.
- Taxon
- Prunus armeniacaPrunus armeniacat0
- Treatment
- spraying of HA, Brs, and SWEe2
- Outcome
- fruit set, fruit yieldse2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Comparator
- untreated treese2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Apricot (Prunus armeniaca)”
e2“the spraying of HA, Brs, and SWE positively increased the shoot length, leaf area, leaf chlorophyll content, fruit set, fruit yields, and fruit physical and chemical characteristics, as well as leaf macro- or micronutrients contents compared with those untreated trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar HA, Brs and SWE sprays increased the physical and chemical characteristics of apricot fruit compared with untreated trees.
- Taxon
- Prunus armeniacaPrunus armeniacat0
- Treatment
- spraying of HA, Brs, and SWEe2
- Outcome
- fruit physical and chemical characteristicse2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Comparator
- untreated treese2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Apricot (Prunus armeniaca)”
e2“the spraying of HA, Brs, and SWE positively increased the shoot length, leaf area, leaf chlorophyll content, fruit set, fruit yields, and fruit physical and chemical characteristics, as well as leaf macro- or micronutrients contents compared with those untreated trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar HA, Brs and SWE sprays increased leaf macro- or micronutrient contents of apricot compared with untreated trees.
- Taxon
- Prunus armeniacaPrunus armeniacat0
- Treatment
- spraying of HA, Brs, and SWEe2
- Outcome
- leaf macro- or micronutrients contentse2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Comparator
- untreated treese2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Apricot (Prunus armeniaca)”
e2“the spraying of HA, Brs, and SWE positively increased the shoot length, leaf area, leaf chlorophyll content, fruit set, fruit yields, and fruit physical and chemical characteristics, as well as leaf macro- or micronutrients contents compared with those untreated trees”
Claim · model-written summary
At the highest doses (2000 mg/L HA, 2 mg/L Brs and 3000 mg/L SWE) the apricot parameter values were superior to the middle doses.
- Taxon
- Prunus armeniacaPrunus armeniacat0
- Treatment
- 2000 mg/L HA, 2 mg/L Brs, and 3000 mg/L SWEe3
- Outcome
- parameter valuese4
- Direction
- superiore3
- Comparator
- 1000 mg/L HA, 1 mg/L Brs, and 2000 mg/L SWEe3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Apricot (Prunus armeniaca)”
e3“2000 mg/L HA, 2 mg/L Brs, and 3000 mg/L SWE were superior to 1000 mg/L HA, 1 mg/L Brs, and 2000 mg/L SWE”
e4“the increase in parameter values was parallel to the increase in the used concentrations of HA, Brs, or SWE”
Claim · model-written summary
The middle doses (1000 mg/L HA, 1 mg/L Brs and 2000 mg/L SWE) gave better apricot parameter values than the lowest doses.
- Taxon
- Prunus armeniacaPrunus armeniacat0
- Treatment
- 1000 mg/L HA, 1 mg/L Brs, and 2000 mg/L SWEe3
- Outcome
- parameter valuese4
- Direction
- bettere5
- Comparator
- 500 mg/L HA, 0.5 mg/L Brs, and 1000 mg/L SWEe5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Apricot (Prunus armeniaca)”
e3“2000 mg/L HA, 2 mg/L Brs, and 3000 mg/L SWE were superior to 1000 mg/L HA, 1 mg/L Brs, and 2000 mg/L SWE”
e4“the increase in parameter values was parallel to the increase in the used concentrations of HA, Brs, or SWE”
e5“which were better than 500 mg/L HA, 0.5 mg/L Brs, and 1000 mg/L SWE”
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