Abstract
The plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) in the rhizosphere affect plant growth, health, and productivity, as well as soil-nutrient contents. They are considered a green and eco-friendly technology that will reduce chemical-fertilizer usage, thereby reducing production costs and protecting the environment. Out of 58 bacterial strains isolated in Qassim, Saudi Arabia, four strains were identified by the 16S rRNA as the Streptomyces cinereoruber strain P6-4, Priestia megaterium strain P12, Rossellomorea aquimaris strain P22-2, and Pseudomonas plecoglossicida strain P24. The plant-growth-promoting (PGP) features of the identified bacteria involving inorganic phosphate (P) solubilization, the production of indole acetic acid (IAA), and siderophore secretion were assessed in vitro. Regarding the P solubilization, the previous strains’ efficacy reached 37.71%, 52.84%, 94.31%, and 64.20%, respectively. The strains produced considerable amounts of IAA (69.82, 251.70, 236.57, and 101.94 µg/mL) after 4 days of incubation at 30 °C. Furthermore, the rates of siderophore production reached 35.51, 26.37, 26.37, and 23.84 psu, respectively, in the same strains. The application of the selected strains in the presence of rock phosphate (RP) with tomato plants under greenhouse conditions was evaluated. The plant growth and P-uptake traits positively and significantly increased in response to all the bacterial treatments, except for some traits, such as plant height, number of leaves, and leaf DM at 21 DAT, compared to the negative control (rock phosphate, T2). Notably, the P. megaterium strain P12 (T4), followed by R. aquimaris strain P22-2 (T5), revealed the best values related to plant height (at 45 DAT), number of leaves per plant (at 45 DAT), root length, leaf area, leaf-P uptake, stem P uptake, and total plant P uptake compared to the rock phosphate. The first two components of the PCA (principal component analysis) represented 71.99% (PCA1 = 50.81% and PCA2 = 21.18%) of the variation at 45 DAT. Finally, the PGPR improved the vegetative-growth traits of the tomato plants through P solubilization, IAA, and siderophore production, and ameliorated the availability of nutrients. Thus, applying in PGPR in sustainable agriculture will potentially reduce production costs and protect the environment from contamination by chemical fertilizers and pesticides.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Selected bacterial treatments significantly increased tomato growth and phosphorus uptake traits relative to rock phosphate alone, with specified early exceptions.
- Taxon
- Tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Treatment
- all the bacterial treatmentse0
- Outcome
- plant growth and P-uptake traitse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- except for some traits, such as plant height, number of leaves, and leaf DM at 21 DATe0
- Comparator
- negative control (rock phosphate, T2)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The plant growth and P-uptake traits positively and significantly increased in response to all the bacterial treatments, except for some traits, such as plant height, number of leaves, and leaf DM at 21 DAT, compared to the negative control (rock phosphate, T2).”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Priestia megaterium strain P12 gave the best tomato growth and uptake values relative to rock phosphate.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- P. megaterium strain P12 (T4)e0
- Interactor
- P. megaterium strain P12
Priestia megateriume0symbiont - Outcome
- best values related to plant heighte0
- Direction
- beste0
- Comparator
- rock phosphatee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Notably, the P. megaterium strain P12 (T4), followed by R. aquimaris strain P22-2 (T5), revealed the best values related to plant height (at 45 DAT), number of leaves per plant (at 45 DAT), root length, leaf area, leaf-P uptake, stem P uptake, and total plant P uptake compared to the rock phosphate.”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Rossellomorea aquimaris strain P22-2 ranked second for tomato growth and uptake values.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- R. aquimaris strain P22-2 (T5)e0
- Interactor
- R. aquimaris strain P22-2Rossellomorea aquimarise0symbiont
- Outcome
- best values related to plant heighte0
- Direction
- beste0
- Comparator
- rock phosphatee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Notably, the P. megaterium strain P12 (T4), followed by R. aquimaris strain P22-2 (T5), revealed the best values related to plant height (at 45 DAT), number of leaves per plant (at 45 DAT), root length, leaf area, leaf-P uptake, stem P uptake, and total plant P uptake compared to the rock phosphate.”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
The first two PCA components accounted for 71.99% of trait variation at 45 DAT.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- variation at 45 DATe0
- Value
- 71.99%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The first two components of the PCA (principal component analysis) represented 71.99% (PCA1 = 50.81% and PCA2 = 21.18%) of the variation at 45 DAT.”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors attributed improved tomato growth to bacterial P solubilization, IAA and siderophore production.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Interactor
- PGPRe0symbiont
- Outcome
- vegetative-growth traitse0
- Qualifier
- P solubilization, IAA, and siderophore productione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Finally, the PGPR improved the vegetative-growth traits of the tomato plants through P solubilization, IAA, and siderophore production, and ameliorated the availability of nutrients.”
The same questions in other papers
Priestia megaterium · growth · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results agree
4 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
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