Abstract
The aim of the research is to establish the influence of watering on the phenological and biological features of winter wheat pests development, in particular Sunn pests. Trials were conducted on winter wheat crops under sprinkler irrigation in 2015-2020 in conditions of the Central Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. The size of the experimental plots in the field experiments was 50 m2 (10.4x4.8 m) at the 4 times replication. The allocation of plots was randomized. The average numbers of Sunn pest nymphs in 2015-2020 were 0.7-2.7 exemplars/m² on non-irrigated winter wheat crops and 0.8-3.8 exemplars/m² on irrigated. The share of the factor “presence of irrigation” that impacts on the number of Sunn pests reaches 80.2%. The sums of degree-days necessary for the beginning of different development stages of this phytophagous were calculated. The stage of the revival of Sunn pest nymphs began in mid-May – the first decade of June, which coincided with the phases of development of winter wheat: the end of flowering – soft dough ripening of the grain. The sum of degree-days required for the beginning of this stage was 177.8-233.8°C without irrigation, while in sprinkler irrigation conditions – 275.5-349.1°C. For the beginning of the transformation of the fifth instar nymphs into adults, the required sum of degree-days was 410.5-481.5°C on the non-irrigated crops and 545.7-630.4°C – under conditions of irrigation. Clarifying the sum of degree-days required for different stages of Sunn pest development will allow for predicting the terms of protective measures against this pest in the field conditions under irrigation.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Irrigated wheat had 0.8-3.8 Sunn pest nymphs per square metre versus 0.7-2.7 without irrigation.
- Taxon
- winter wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- irrigatede0
- Interactor
- Sunn peste0pest
- Outcome
- numbers of Sunn pest nymphse0
- Direction
- higherinferrede0
- Value
- 0.8-3.8 exemplars/m²e0
- Qualifier
- 0.7-2.7 exemplars/m²e0
- Comparator
- non-irrigated winter wheat cropse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The average numbers of Sunn pest nymphs in 2015-2020 were 0.7-2.7 exemplars/m² on non-irrigated winter wheat crops and 0.8-3.8 exemplars/m² on irrigated”
Claim · model-written summary
Presence of irrigation accounted for 80.2% of the impact on Sunn pest numbers.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- presence of irrigatione0
- Interactor
- Sunn pestse0pest
- Outcome
- number of Sunn pestse0
- Value
- 80.2%e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The share of the factor “presence of irrigation” that impacts on the number of Sunn pests reaches 80.2%”
e1“Trials were conducted on winter wheat crops under sprinkler irrigation”
Claim · model-written summary
Sunn pest nymph emergence occurred from mid-May to early June alongside wheat flowering to soft dough ripening.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Organ / stage
- end of flowering – soft dough ripening of the graine0
- Interactor
- Sunn peste0pest
- Outcome
- revival of Sunn pest nymphse0
- Value
- mid-May – the first decade of Junee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The stage of the revival of Sunn pest nymphs began in mid-May – the first decade of June, which coincided with the phases of development of winter wheat: the end of flowering – soft dough ripening of the grain”
Claim · model-written summary
Nymph emergence required 177.8-233.8°C degree days without irrigation.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Interactor
- Sunn peste2pest
- Outcome
- sum of degree-days required for the beginning of this stagee0
- Value
- 177.8-233.8°Ce0
- Comparator
- without irrigatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The sum of degree-days required for the beginning of this stage was 177.8-233.8°C without irrigation”
e1“Trials were conducted on winter wheat crops under sprinkler irrigation”
e2“The stage of the revival of Sunn pest nymphs began”
Claim · model-written summary
Nymph emergence required 275.5-349.1°C degree days with sprinkler irrigation.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume2
- Treatment
- sprinkler irrigatione0
- Interactor
- Sunn peste3pest
- Outcome
- sum of degree-days required for the beginning of this stagee1
- Value
- 275.5-349.1°Ce0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in sprinkler irrigation conditions – 275.5-349.1°C”
e1“The sum of degree-days required for the beginning of this stage”
e2“Trials were conducted on winter wheat crops under sprinkler irrigation”
e3“The stage of the revival of Sunn pest nymphs began”
Claim · model-written summary
Adult transformation required 410.5-481.5°C degree days without irrigation.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Interactor
- Sunn peste2pest
- Outcome
- required sum of degree-dayse0
- Value
- 410.5-481.5°Ce0
- Comparator
- non-irrigated cropse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For the beginning of the transformation of the fifth instar nymphs into adults, the required sum of degree-days was 410.5-481.5°C on the non-irrigated crops”
e1“Trials were conducted on winter wheat crops under sprinkler irrigation”
e2“The stage of the revival of Sunn pest nymphs began”
Claim · model-written summary
Adult transformation required 545.7-630.4°C degree days with irrigation.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume2
- Treatment
- irrigatione0
- Interactor
- Sunn peste3pest
- Outcome
- required sum of degree-dayse1
- Value
- 545.7-630.4°Ce0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“545.7-630.4°C – under conditions of irrigation”
e1“For the beginning of the transformation of the fifth instar nymphs into adults, the required sum of degree-days”
e2“Trials were conducted on winter wheat crops under sprinkler irrigation”
e3“The stage of the revival of Sunn pest nymphs began”
The same questions in other papers
irrigation · pest · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
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See all 11 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.