Abstract
The goal of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of aqueous extracts from five traditional Egyptian medicinal plants in preventing Sphaerotheca fuliginea’s powdery mildew disease, which affects cucumber plants. Aqueous extracts from each of the examined plants suppressed the pathogen’s conidia germination in vitro. In trials using detached leaves and greenhouses, these extracts lessened the severity of the disease. Compared to other plant extracts, Curcuma longa rhizome extract showed the greatest potency against the pathogen. The aqueous extract of Curcuma longa showed the largest improvement in disease suppression compared to the control in the greenhouse experiment. The results showed that total phenol and associated defense enzyme levels (POD and PPO) were elevated by plant extracts from all studied plants. These findings might suggest that total phenol and associated defense enzymes strengthen the cucumber’s resistance to the disease. The C. longa extract had more total phenol than the extracts from the other plants. The phenolic components in the C. longa rhizome extract were varied, and these variations were detected and quantified using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The content of curcumin (3220.8 μg · g –1 dry weight) was the highest. In comparison to the control, the foliar application of the C. longa extract considerably increased the cucumber fruit yield and its constituent parts. This is the first time, to my knowledge, that the C. longa rhizome extract has been utilized to improve cucumber plants’ production and its constituent parts. The pathogen appeared as small colonies with fewer mycelia and immature conidia in the treated cucumber leaves with 20% of C. longa rhizome extract according to an examination by SEM. Overall, the results indicated that the extract of C. longa rhizome, was a promising, effective, and environmentally friendly management measure against powdery mildew disease of cucumbers, and thus could be used in the production of organically grown vegetables.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Aqueous extracts from each of the five medicinal plants suppressed in vitro germination of Sphaerotheca fuliginea conidia.
- Taxon
- cucumber
Cucumis sativuse0 - Treatment
- Aqueous extractse1
- Interactor
- Sphaerotheca fuliginea
Podosphaera fuligineae0pathogen - Outcome
- pathogen’s conidia germinatione1
- Direction
- suppressede1
- Setting
- in vitroe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“preventing Sphaerotheca fuliginea’s powdery mildew disease, which affects cucumber plants”
e1“Aqueous extracts from each of the examined plants suppressed the pathogen’s conidia germination in vitro”
Claim · model-written summary
Aqueous extracts lessened the severity of cucumber powdery mildew in detached-leaf and greenhouse trials.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse0
- Treatment
- these extractse2
- Interactor
- Sphaerotheca fuligineaPodosphaera fuligineae0pathogen
- Outcome
- severity of the diseasee2
- Direction
- lessenede2
- Setting
- detached leaves and greenhousese2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“preventing Sphaerotheca fuliginea’s powdery mildew disease, which affects cucumber plants”
e2“In trials using detached leaves and greenhouses, these extracts lessened the severity of the disease”
Claim · model-written summary
Curcuma longa rhizome extract showed the greatest potency against the pathogen among the tested plant extracts.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse0
- Treatment
- Curcuma longa rhizome extracte3
- Outcome
- potency against the pathogene3
- Direction
- greateste3
- Comparator
- other plant extractse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“preventing Sphaerotheca fuliginea’s powdery mildew disease, which affects cucumber plants”
e3“Compared to other plant extracts, Curcuma longa rhizome extract showed the greatest potency against the pathogen”
Claim · model-written summary
Aqueous extract of Curcuma longa gave the largest improvement in cucumber powdery mildew suppression compared with the control in the greenhouse experiment.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse0
- Treatment
- aqueous extract of Curcuma longae4
- Outcome
- disease suppressione4
- Direction
- largest improvemente4
- Comparator
- controle4
- Setting
- greenhouse experimente4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“preventing Sphaerotheca fuliginea’s powdery mildew disease, which affects cucumber plants”
e4“The aqueous extract of Curcuma longa showed the largest improvement in disease suppression compared to the control in the greenhouse experiment”
Claim · model-written summary
Total phenol and defense enzymes (POD and PPO) were elevated in cucumber by extracts from all studied plants.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse0
- Treatment
- plant extracts from all studied plantse5
- Outcome
- total phenol and associated defense enzyme levels (POD and PPO)e5
- Direction
- elevatede5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“preventing Sphaerotheca fuliginea’s powdery mildew disease, which affects cucumber plants”
e5“The results showed that total phenol and associated defense enzyme levels (POD and PPO) were elevated by plant extracts from all studied plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Curcuma longa extract had more total phenol than the extracts of the other plants.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse0
- Treatment
- C. longa extracte6
- Outcome
- total phenole6
- Direction
- moree6
- Comparator
- the extracts from the other plantse6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“preventing Sphaerotheca fuliginea’s powdery mildew disease, which affects cucumber plants”
e6“The C. longa extract had more total phenol than the extracts from the other plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Curcumin content of the Curcuma longa rhizome extract was 3220.8 μg · g –1 dry weight, the highest among its phenolic components.
- Taxon
- C. longa
_W_IMG_2440.jpg?width=60)
Curcuma longae0 - Outcome
- content of curcumine1
- Value
- 3220.8 μg · g –1 dry weighte1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_W_IMG_2440.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“The phenolic components in the C. longa rhizome extract were varied”
e1“The content of curcumin (3220.8 μg · g –1 dry weight) was the highest”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar application of Curcuma longa extract increased cucumber fruit yield and its constituent parts compared with the control.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse0
- Treatment
- foliar application of the C. longa extracte0
- Outcome
- cucumber fruit yield and its constituent partse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In comparison to the control, the foliar application of the C. longa extract considerably increased the cucumber fruit yield and its constituent parts”
Claim · model-written summary
Sphaerotheca fuliginea on cucumber leaves treated with 20% Curcuma longa rhizome extract appeared as small colonies with fewer mycelia and immature conidia (SEM).
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse1
- Treatment
- 20% of C. longa rhizome extracte1
- Interactor
- Sphaerotheca fuligineaPodosphaera fuligineae0pathogen
- Outcome
- colonies with fewer mycelia and immature conidiae1
- Qualifier
- according to an examination by SEMe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“preventing Sphaerotheca fuliginea’s powdery mildew disease, which affects cucumber plants”
e1“The pathogen appeared as small colonies with fewer mycelia and immature conidia in the treated cucumber leaves with 20% of C. longa rhizome extract according to an examination by SEM”
Claim · model-written summary
The C. longa rhizome extract could be used as an effective, environmentally friendly management measure against cucumber powdery mildew in organically grown vegetables.
- Taxon
- cucumbersCucumis sativuse1
- Outcome
- management measure against powdery mildew diseasee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“management measure against powdery mildew disease of cucumbers, and thus could be used in the production of organically grown vegetables”
Claim · model-written summary
Total phenol and associated defense enzymes may strengthen cucumber resistance to the disease.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse1
- Compound
- total phenole1
- Outcome
- resistance to the diseasee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“These findings might suggest that total phenol and associated defense enzymes strengthen the cucumber’s resistance to the disease”
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