Abstract
The increasing presence of glyphosate-tolerant weeds has increased the use of pre-emergence herbicides in cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L., grown in Tennessee during the last 5 to 8 years. These herbicides could have negative effects on seedling growth and potentially affect thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) management or seedling disease with at-planting insecticides or fungicides. Experiments were conducted in 2013 and 2014 to evaluate the potential interactions of pre-emergence herbicides on the efficacy of insecticide or fungicide seed treatments in cotton. Nontreated plots and plots treated with a thiamethoxam seed treatment generally exhibited higher number of thrips, more thrips injury, less vigor, delayed maturity, and lower yields compared to plots treated with an imidacloprid seed treatment or an in-furrow application of aldicarb. Similarly, fungicide seed treatments generally reduced the incidence of seedling disease (primarily Rhizoctonia), while improving seedling health and stand density. Negative effects of some pre-emergence herbicides on plant health also were observed. For example, combination treatments of fluometuron plus S-metolachlor or fluometuron plus fomesafen reduced plant vigor and seedling biomass and there was a tendency for higher thrips populations where pre-emergence herbicides were used. There were no substantial interactions between injury caused by pre-emergence herbicides and that caused by thrips or seedling disease suggesting that thrips, seedling disease, and herbicide injury acted independently and additively. Following herbicide label rates should reduce the risk of compounding the effects of thrips or seedling disease with herbicide injury.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Thiamethoxam seed treatment gave higher thrips numbers on cotton than imidacloprid seed treatment or aldicarb.
- Taxon
- Gossypium hirsutum
Gossypium hirsutume0 - Treatment
- thiamethoxam seed treatmente1
- Outcome
- number of thripse1
- Direction
- highere1
- Comparator
- imidacloprid seed treatmente1
ThripsOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L., grown in Tennessee during the last 5 to 8 years”
e1“Nontreated plots and plots treated with a thiamethoxam seed treatment generally exhibited higher number of thrips, more thrips injury, less vigor, delayed maturity, and lower yields compared to plots treated with an imidacloprid seed treatment or an in-furrow application of aldicarb”
Claim · model-written summary
Thiamethoxam seed treatment gave more thrips injury on cotton than imidacloprid seed treatment or aldicarb.
- Taxon
- Gossypium hirsutumGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- thiamethoxam seed treatmente1
- Outcome
- thrips injurye1
- Direction
- moree1
- Comparator
- imidacloprid seed treatmente1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L., grown in Tennessee during the last 5 to 8 years”
e1“Nontreated plots and plots treated with a thiamethoxam seed treatment generally exhibited higher number of thrips, more thrips injury, less vigor, delayed maturity, and lower yields compared to plots treated with an imidacloprid seed treatment or an in-furrow application of aldicarb”
Claim · model-written summary
Thiamethoxam seed treatment gave less vigor in cotton than imidacloprid seed treatment or aldicarb.
- Taxon
- Gossypium hirsutumGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- thiamethoxam seed treatmente1
- Outcome
- vigore1
- Direction
- lesse1
- Comparator
- imidacloprid seed treatmente1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L., grown in Tennessee during the last 5 to 8 years”
e1“Nontreated plots and plots treated with a thiamethoxam seed treatment generally exhibited higher number of thrips, more thrips injury, less vigor, delayed maturity, and lower yields compared to plots treated with an imidacloprid seed treatment or an in-furrow application of aldicarb”
Claim · model-written summary
Thiamethoxam seed treatment delayed maturity of cotton compared with imidacloprid seed treatment or aldicarb.
- Taxon
- Gossypium hirsutumGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- thiamethoxam seed treatmente1
- Outcome
- maturitye1
- Direction
- delayede1
- Comparator
- imidacloprid seed treatmente1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L., grown in Tennessee during the last 5 to 8 years”
e1“Nontreated plots and plots treated with a thiamethoxam seed treatment generally exhibited higher number of thrips, more thrips injury, less vigor, delayed maturity, and lower yields compared to plots treated with an imidacloprid seed treatment or an in-furrow application of aldicarb”
Claim · model-written summary
Thiamethoxam seed treatment gave lower yields of cotton than imidacloprid seed treatment or aldicarb.
- Taxon
- Gossypium hirsutumGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- thiamethoxam seed treatmente1
- Outcome
- yieldse1
- Direction
- lowere1
- Comparator
- imidacloprid seed treatmente1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L., grown in Tennessee during the last 5 to 8 years”
e1“Nontreated plots and plots treated with a thiamethoxam seed treatment generally exhibited higher number of thrips, more thrips injury, less vigor, delayed maturity, and lower yields compared to plots treated with an imidacloprid seed treatment or an in-furrow application of aldicarb”
Claim · model-written summary
Fungicide seed treatments reduced the incidence of cotton seedling disease, primarily Rhizoctonia.
- Taxon
- Gossypium hirsutumGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- fungicide seed treatmentse2
- Interactor
- Rhizoctonia
.jpg?width=60)
Rhizoctoniae2pathogen - Outcome
- incidence of seedling diseasee2
- Direction
- reducede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“in cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L., grown in Tennessee during the last 5 to 8 years”
e2“Similarly, fungicide seed treatments generally reduced the incidence of seedling disease (primarily Rhizoctonia), while improving seedling health and stand density”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined fluometuron plus S-metolachlor or fluometuron plus fomesafen reduced cotton plant vigor and seedling biomass.
- Taxon
- Gossypium hirsutumGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- fluometuron plus S-metolachlor or fluometuron plus fomesafene3
- Outcome
- plant vigor and seedling biomasse3
- Direction
- reducede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L., grown in Tennessee during the last 5 to 8 years”
e3“combination treatments of fluometuron plus S-metolachlor or fluometuron plus fomesafen reduced plant vigor and seedling biomass and there was a tendency for higher thrips populations where pre-emergence herbicides were used”
Claim · model-written summary
Injury from pre-emergence herbicides did not substantially interact with injury from thrips or seedling disease in cotton.
- Taxon
- Gossypium hirsutumGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- pre-emergence herbicidese4
- Outcome
- interactionse4
- Direction
- no substantiale4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L., grown in Tennessee during the last 5 to 8 years”
e4“There were no substantial interactions between injury caused by pre-emergence herbicides and that caused by thrips or seedling disease”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend following herbicide label rates to reduce the risk of compounding thrips or seedling disease effects with herbicide injury in cotton.
- Taxon
- Gossypium hirsutumGossypium hirsutume0
- Outcome
- Following herbicide label ratese5
- Qualifier
- the risk of compounding the effects of thrips or seedling disease with herbicide injurye5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L., grown in Tennessee during the last 5 to 8 years”
e5“Following herbicide label rates should reduce the risk of compounding the effects of thrips or seedling disease with herbicide injury”
The same questions in other papers
fomesafen · growth · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Results differ
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- negative
fluometuron · growth · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- negative
seed treatment · Rhizoctonia · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.