Abstract
Many natural forests in Southeast Asia are degraded following decades of logging. Restoration of these forests is delayed by ongoing logging and tropical cyclones, but the implications for recovery are largely uncertain. We analysed meteorological, satellite and forest inventory plot data to assess the effect of Typhoon Doksuri, a major tropical cyclone, on the forest landscapes of central Vietnam consisting of natural forests and plantations. We estimated the return period for a cyclone of this intensity to be 40 years. Plantations were almost twice as likely to suffer cyclone damage compared to natural forests. Logged natural forests (9–12 years after cessation of government-licensed logging) were surveyed before and after the storm with 2 years between measurements and remained a small biomass carbon sink (0.1 ± 0.3 Mg C ha −1 yr −1 ) over this period. The cyclone reduced the carbon sink of recovering natural forests by an average of 0.85 Mg C ha −1 yr −1 , less than the carbon loss due to ongoing unlicensed logging. Restoration of forest landscapes in Southeast Asia requires a reduction in unlicensed logging and prevention of further conversion of degraded natural forests to plantations, particularly in landscapes prone to tropical cyclones where natural forests provide a resilient carbon sink. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Understanding forest landscape restoration: reinforcing scientific foundations for the UN Decade on Ecosystem Restoration’.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Plantations were almost twice as likely as natural forests to suffer cyclone damage.
Verbatim
e2“Plantations were almost twice as likely to suffer cyclone damage compared to natural forests”
Claim · model-written summary
Typhoon Doksuri reduced the carbon sink of recovering natural forests by an average of 0.85 Mg C ha −1 yr −1.
Verbatim
e3“The cyclone reduced the carbon sink of recovering natural forests by an average of 0.85 Mg C ha −1 yr −1, less than the carbon loss due to ongoing unlicensed logging”
e4“Logged natural forests (9–12 years after cessation of government-licensed logging) were surveyed before and after the storm with 2 years between measurements”
e6“We analysed meteorological, satellite and forest inventory plot data to assess the effect of Typhoon Doksuri, a major tropical cyclone, on the forest landscapes of central Vietnam”
Claim · model-written summary
The cyclone reduction of the recovering natural forest carbon sink was smaller than the carbon loss from ongoing unlicensed logging.
Verbatim
e3“The cyclone reduced the carbon sink of recovering natural forests by an average of 0.85 Mg C ha −1 yr −1, less than the carbon loss due to ongoing unlicensed logging”
e6“We analysed meteorological, satellite and forest inventory plot data to assess the effect of Typhoon Doksuri, a major tropical cyclone, on the forest landscapes of central Vietnam”
Claim · model-written summary
Logged natural forests remained a small biomass carbon sink of 0.1 ± 0.3 Mg C ha −1 yr −1 over the study period.
Verbatim
e4“Logged natural forests (9–12 years after cessation of government-licensed logging) were surveyed before and after the storm with 2 years between measurements”
e5“remained a small biomass carbon sink (0.1 ± 0.3 Mg C ha −1 yr −1) over this period”
e6“We analysed meteorological, satellite and forest inventory plot data to assess the effect of Typhoon Doksuri, a major tropical cyclone, on the forest landscapes of central Vietnam”
Claim · model-written summary
The return period for a cyclone of the intensity of Typhoon Doksuri is estimated at 40 years.
Verbatim
e0“Many natural forests in Southeast Asia are degraded following decades of logging”
e1“We estimated the return period for a cyclone of this intensity to be 40 years”
Claim · model-written summary
Restoration of forest landscapes in Southeast Asia requires reducing unlicensed logging and preventing conversion of degraded natural forests to plantations.
Verbatim
e7“Restoration of forest landscapes in Southeast Asia requires a reduction in unlicensed logging and prevention of further conversion of degraded natural forests to plantations”