Abstract
Growth stimulating bacteria help remediate dry arid soil and plant stress. Here, Pseudomonas sp. and Pantoea sp. we used to study the stress ecology of Hordeum vulgare and the environmental impact of water deficit on soil characteristics, growth, photosynthesis apparatus, mineral acquisition and antioxidiant defense. Plants inoculated with Pseudomonas or Pantoea had significantly higher (about 2 folds) soil carbon flux (soil respiration), chlorophyll levels (18%), net photosynthetic rate (33% in Pantoea and 54% in Pseudomonas ), (44%) stomatal conductance than uninoculated plants in stressed conditions. Both bacterial strains improved leaf growth (23-29%) and root development under well-watered conditions but reduced around (25%) root biomass under drought. Plants inoculated with Pseudomonas or Pantoea under drought also increased of about 27% leaf respiration and transpiration (48%) but decreased water use efficiency, photoinhibition (91%), and the risk of oxidative stress (ETR/A) (49%). Drought stress increased most of the studied antioxidant enzymatic activities in the plants inoculated with Pseudomonas or Pantoea , which reduce the membrane damage and protect plants form oxidative defenses. Drought stress increased K + acquisition around 50% in both shoots inoculated with Pseudomonas or Pantoea relative to non-stressed plants. Plants inoculated with Pseudomonas or Pantoea increased shoot Na + while root Na + only increased in plants inoculated with Pseudomonas in stressed conditions. Drought stress increased shoot Mg 2+ in plants inoculated with Pseudomonas or Pantoea but did not affect Ca 2+ relative to non-stressed plants. Drought stress increased about 70% K + /Na + ratio only in plants inoculated with Pseudomonas relative to non-stressed plants. Our results indicate that inoculating barley with the studied bacterial strains increases plant biomass and can therefore play a role in the environmental remediation of drylands for food production.
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Claims 20
Claim · model-written summary
Bacterial inoculation increased soil respiration about twofold under stress.
- Taxon
- Hordeum vulgare
.jpg?width=60)
Hordeum vulgaret0 - Treatment
- inoculated with Pseudomonase0
- Interactor
- Pseudomonas
Pseudomonase0symbiont - Outcome
- soil carbon flux (soil respiration)e0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- about 2 foldse0
- Comparator
- uninoculated plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Plants inoculated with Pseudomonas or Pantoea had significantly higher (about 2 folds) soil carbon flux (soil respiration), chlorophyll levels (18%), net photosynthetic rate (33% in Pantoea and 54% in Pseudomonas ), (44%) stomatal conductance than uninoculated plants in stressed conditions.”
t0“Hordeum vulgare”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation increased chlorophyll levels by 18% under stress.
- Taxon
- Hordeum vulgareHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- inoculated with Pseudomonas or Pantoeae0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll levelse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 18%e0
- Comparator
- uninoculated plantse0
.jpg?width=60){kind=small}
PantoeaOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Plants inoculated with Pseudomonas or Pantoea had significantly higher (about 2 folds) soil carbon flux (soil respiration), chlorophyll levels (18%), net photosynthetic rate (33% in Pantoea and 54% in Pseudomonas ), (44%) stomatal conductance than uninoculated plants in stressed conditions.”
t0“Hordeum vulgare”
Claim · model-written summary
Pantoea increased net photosynthesis by 33% under stress.
- Taxon
- Hordeum vulgareHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- Pantoeae0
- Outcome
- net photosynthetic ratee0
- Direction
- increaseinferrede0
- Value
- 33%e0
- Comparator
- uninoculated plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“net photosynthetic rate (33% in Pantoea and 54% in Pseudomonas ), (44%) stomatal conductance than uninoculated plants in stressed conditions.”
t0“Hordeum vulgare”
Claim · model-written summary
Pseudomonas increased net photosynthesis by 54% under stress.
- Taxon
- Hordeum vulgareHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- Pseudomonase0
- Interactor
- PseudomonasPseudomonase0symbiont
- Outcome
- net photosynthetic ratee0
- Direction
- increaseinferrede0
- Value
- 54%e0
- Comparator
- uninoculated plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“net photosynthetic rate (33% in Pantoea and 54% in Pseudomonas ), (44%) stomatal conductance than uninoculated plants in stressed conditions.”
t0“Hordeum vulgare”
Claim · model-written summary
Bacterial inoculation raised stomatal conductance 44% under stress.
- Taxon
- Hordeum vulgareHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- inoculated with Pseudomonase0
- Interactor
- PseudomonasPseudomonase0symbiont
- Outcome
- stomatal conductancee0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 44%e0
- Comparator
- uninoculated plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plants inoculated with Pseudomonas or Pantoea had significantly higher (about 2 folds) soil carbon flux (soil respiration), chlorophyll levels (18%), net photosynthetic rate (33% in Pantoea and 54% in Pseudomonas ), (44%) stomatal conductance than uninoculated plants in stressed conditions.”
t0“Hordeum vulgare”
Claim · model-written summary
Both strains improved leaf growth 23-29% under well-watered conditions.
- Taxon
- Hordeum vulgareHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- bacterial strainse0
- Outcome
- leaf growthe0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Value
- 23-29%e0
- Setting
- well-watered conditionse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both bacterial strains improved leaf growth (23-29%) and root development under well-watered conditions”
t0“Hordeum vulgare”
Claim · model-written summary
Both strains improved root development under well-watered conditions.
- Taxon
- Hordeum vulgareHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- bacterial strainse0
- Outcome
- root developmente0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Setting
- well-watered conditionse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both bacterial strains improved leaf growth (23-29%) and root development under well-watered conditions”
t0“Hordeum vulgare”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation reduced root biomass around 25% under drought.
- Taxon
- Hordeum vulgareHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- Both bacterial strainse0
- Outcome
- root biomasse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 25%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both bacterial strains improved leaf growth (23-29%) and root development under well-watered conditions but reduced around (25%) root biomass under drought.”
t0“Hordeum vulgare”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation increased leaf respiration about 27% under drought.
- Taxon
- Hordeum vulgareHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- inoculated with Pseudomonase0
- Interactor
- PseudomonasPseudomonase0symbiont
- Outcome
- leaf respiratione0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 27%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plants inoculated with Pseudomonas or Pantoea under drought also increased of about 27% leaf respiration and transpiration (48%)”
t0“Hordeum vulgare”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation increased transpiration 48% under drought.
- Taxon
- Hordeum vulgareHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- inoculated with Pseudomonas or Pantoeae0
- Outcome
- transpiratione0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 48%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plants inoculated with Pseudomonas or Pantoea under drought also increased of about 27% leaf respiration and transpiration (48%)”
t0“Hordeum vulgare”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation decreased water use efficiency under drought.
- Taxon
- Hordeum vulgareHordeum vulgaret0
- Outcome
- water use efficiencye0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“but decreased water use efficiency, photoinhibition (91%), and the risk of oxidative stress (ETR/A) (49%).”
t0“Hordeum vulgare”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation decreased photoinhibition 91% under drought.
- Taxon
- Hordeum vulgareHordeum vulgaret0
- Outcome
- photoinhibitione0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 91%e0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“decreased water use efficiency, photoinhibition (91%), and the risk of oxidative stress (ETR/A) (49%).”
t0“Hordeum vulgare”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation decreased oxidative stress risk 49% under drought.
- Taxon
- Hordeum vulgareHordeum vulgaret0
- Outcome
- risk of oxidative stress (ETR/A)e0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 49%e0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“decreased water use efficiency, photoinhibition (91%), and the risk of oxidative stress (ETR/A) (49%).”
t0“Hordeum vulgare”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought increased most antioxidant enzyme activities in inoculated plants.
- Taxon
- Hordeum vulgareHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- Drought stresse0
- Interactor
- PseudomonasPseudomonase0symbiont
- Outcome
- antioxidant enzymatic activitiese0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Drought stress increased most of the studied antioxidant enzymatic activities in the plants inoculated with Pseudomonas or Pantoea”
t0“Hordeum vulgare”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought increased shoot K acquisition around 50% in inoculated plants.
- Taxon
- Hordeum vulgareHordeum vulgaret0
- Organ / stage
- shootse0
- Treatment
- Drought stresse0
- Outcome
- K + acquisitione0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 50%e0
- Comparator
- non-stressed plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Drought stress increased K + acquisition around 50% in both shoots inoculated with Pseudomonas or Pantoea relative to non-stressed plants.”
t0“Hordeum vulgare”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation increased shoot Na in stressed plants.
- Taxon
- Hordeum vulgareHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- inoculated with Pseudomonase0
- Interactor
- PseudomonasPseudomonase0symbiont
- Outcome
- shoot Na +e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plants inoculated with Pseudomonas or Pantoea increased shoot Na +”
t0“Hordeum vulgare”
Claim · model-written summary
Only Pseudomonas increased root Na under stress.
- Taxon
- Hordeum vulgareHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- inoculated with Pseudomonase0
- Interactor
- PseudomonasPseudomonase0symbiont
- Outcome
- root Na +e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“root Na + only increased in plants inoculated with Pseudomonas in stressed conditions.”
t0“Hordeum vulgare”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought increased shoot Mg in inoculated plants.
- Taxon
- Hordeum vulgareHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- Drought stresse0
- Outcome
- shoot Mg 2+e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Drought stress increased shoot Mg 2+ in plants inoculated with Pseudomonas or Pantoea”
t0“Hordeum vulgare”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought did not affect Ca relative to unstressed plants.
- Taxon
- Hordeum vulgareHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- Drought stresse0
- Outcome
- Ca 2+e0
- Direction
- did not affecte0
- Comparator
- non-stressed plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Drought stress increased shoot Mg 2+ in plants inoculated with Pseudomonas or Pantoea but did not affect Ca 2+ relative to non-stressed plants.”
t0“Hordeum vulgare”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought increased K/Na ratio about 70% only with Pseudomonas inoculation.
- Taxon
- Hordeum vulgareHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- Drought stresse0
- Interactor
- PseudomonasPseudomonase0symbiont
- Outcome
- K + /Na + ratioe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 70%e0
- Comparator
- non-stressed plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Drought stress increased about 70% K + /Na + ratio only in plants inoculated with Pseudomonas relative to non-stressed plants.”
t0“Hordeum vulgare”
The same questions in other papers
Pseudomonas · physiology: photosynthesis · Hordeum vulgare (barley)Results agree
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- positive
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inoculation · growth · Hordeum vulgare (barley)Results differ
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- no effect
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See all 20 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.