Abstract
Abstract Correlations between plant available soil and grain mineral concentrations are often assumed, yet few studies examine these associations. Here, soil and wheat grain samples were analyzed from a semi‐arid dryland cropping study in the northern Great Plains conducted between 2006 and 2011. Continuous spring wheat (fertilized) ( Triticum aestivum L; CSW) was compared with wheat following 5 yr of perennial forages of either alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L.), intermediate wheatgrass (fertilized) ( Thinopyrum intermedium (Host) Barkw. & D.R. Dewey sbsp. Intermedium ; IWG), or an alfalfa/intermediate wheatgrass mixture (fertilized; MIX). Wheat performance (yield, 1,000 kernel weight [TKW], and crude protein [CP] concentration), and associations between 11 plant available soil mineral concentrations and 11 wheat grain mineral concentrations were assessed. Wheat following alfalfa had greater yield than all treatments, greater TKW than CSW, greater CP than IWG and CSW, but lower grain Zn concentration than IWG ( p ≤ .05). Wheat grain following IWG had greater Fe and Mn concentration than MIX, greater Mg concentration than CSW, and lower S concentration than all treatments ( p < .05). Multivariate correlation analysis showed positive correlations between plant available soil and grain B, Mg, Mn, and S concentrations ( p ≤ .02), while plant available soil and grain Zn and Ca concentrations showed negative associations ( p ≤ .05). Rotating perennial forage phases into wheat cropping systems increased wheat yield and CP but reduced certain plant available soil minerals. Although rotating perennials into annual cropping systems can benefit some soil quality parameters it may also diminish plant available soil minerals, influencing fertility recommendations.
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Claims 17
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat after alfalfa had greater yield than all treatments.
- Taxon
- Wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- following alfalfae0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- all treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Wheat following alfalfa had greater yield than all treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat after alfalfa had greater kernel weight than continuous spring wheat.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“greater TKW than CSW”
e1“Wheat following alfalfa had greater yield than all treatments”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat after alfalfa had greater crude protein than IWG and CSW.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“greater CP than IWG and CSW”
e1“Wheat following alfalfa had greater yield than all treatments”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat after alfalfa had lower grain Zn than after IWG.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- alfalfae1
- Outcome
- grain Zn concentratione0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- IWGe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“lower grain Zn concentration than IWG”
e1“Wheat following alfalfa had greater yield than all treatments”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat after IWG had greater grain Fe than MIX.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Wheat grain following IWG had greater Fe and Mn concentration than MIX”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat after IWG had greater grain Mn than MIX.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Wheat grain following IWG had greater Fe and Mn concentration than MIX”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat after IWG had greater grain Mg than CSW.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- following IWGe0
- Outcome
- Mg concentratione0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- CSWe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Wheat grain following IWG had greater Fe and Mn concentration than MIX, greater Mg concentration than CSW”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat after IWG had lower grain S than all treatments.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- following IWGe0
- Outcome
- S concentratione0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- all treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Wheat grain following IWG had greater Fe and Mn concentration than MIX, greater Mg concentration than CSW, and lower S concentration than all treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil and wheat grain B concentrations were positively correlated.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- plant available soile0
- Outcome
- Be0
- Direction
- positivee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“positive correlations between plant available soil and grain B, Mg, Mn, and S concentrations”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil and wheat grain Mg concentrations were positively correlated.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- plant available soile0
- Outcome
- Mge0
- Direction
- positivee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“positive correlations between plant available soil and grain B, Mg, Mn, and S concentrations”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil and wheat grain Mn concentrations were positively correlated.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- plant available soile0
- Outcome
- Mne0
- Direction
- positivee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“positive correlations between plant available soil and grain B, Mg, Mn, and S concentrations”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil and wheat grain S concentrations were positively correlated.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- plant available soile0
- Outcome
- Se0
- Direction
- positivee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“positive correlations between plant available soil and grain B, Mg, Mn, and S concentrations”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil and wheat grain Zn concentrations were negatively associated.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- plant available soile0
- Outcome
- Zne0
- Direction
- negativee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“plant available soil and grain Zn and Ca concentrations showed negative associations”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil and wheat grain Ca concentrations were negatively associated.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- plant available soile0
- Outcome
- Cae0
- Direction
- negativee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“plant available soil and grain Zn and Ca concentrations showed negative associations”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Perennial forage rotations increased wheat yield.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Rotating perennial forage phasese0
- Outcome
- wheat yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rotating perennial forage phases into wheat cropping systems increased wheat yield and CP but reduced certain plant available soil minerals”
Claim · model-written summary
Perennial forage rotations increased wheat crude protein.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Rotating perennial forage phasese0
- Outcome
- CPe0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rotating perennial forage phases into wheat cropping systems increased wheat yield and CP but reduced certain plant available soil minerals”
Claim · model-written summary
Perennial forage rotations reduced certain plant available soil minerals.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Rotating perennial forage phasese0
- Outcome
- plant available soil mineralse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rotating perennial forage phases into wheat cropping systems increased wheat yield and CP but reduced certain plant available soil minerals”
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